• Journal of the Institute of Convergence Signal Processing
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.10-17
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• 2016

GPS location information storage included in the HD black box is using a unique manner for each manufacturer does not have a specific standard. In this paper, in order to overcome the limitations of the storage space and thereby the image quality according to store GPS position information deteriorate to solve the problems that cause, we propose the location information concealment method included in the HDTV video content using a essential hidden region. HDTV video content is a Border Extender of 8 lines in the frame to the bottom of the compression will be required. This was inserted into the image of a gray scale used in block form in order to space the current position information is concealed to prevent image degradation. The proposed method was confirmed using real HD black box, there are more difficult to interpret the format of the ASCII code re-edit the location information when the compression effect disappears with the existing security zones added. Therefore, the proposed method is suitable for location-based services, such as Facebook or Youtube videos.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.170-177
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• 2005

This study was conducted in order to assess whether the form of the shade guide affects in deciding the color of the teeth using the shade guide Eight shade light cured composite resins (Esthet-X, Dentsply, Milford, USA) were used in this study. Shade guides including the model of maxillary central incisors, teeth-form shade guide, doughnut form shade guide, and shade guide with perforated gray shield were prepared with eight shade composite resins and provided the codes randomly After arranging the models of teeth, 19 dentists working at the clinic of the Dentistry of Chonnam University Hospital and 65 students of college of dentistry, Chonnnam University selected the shade guides corresponding to the color of each tooth on the gray board under the D$_{65}$ standard illuminant. Bl shade showed highest accuracy of about 95% among all shade guides of 3 forms applied to the test and regardless of observer, tooth form shade guide showed the highest accuracy (p < 0.05) , and the doughnut form showed the lowest accuracy (p < 0.05). At the time of deciding on the color of the teeth using the shade guides as a result of above, the forms of the shade guides can affect the accuracy, and it suggests that the development of the diversified forms of shade guides, which may obtain more accurate results, is required.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• v.27 no.5
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• pp.645-660
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• 1995

The loss of Residual Heat Removal System (RHRS) event during reduced inventory operation for the Korean Standard Nuclear Power Plants (KSNPPS) is simulated by RELAP5/MOD3 and RELAP5/MOD3.1 Tn cases are considered : Base case for an intact Reactor Coolant System (RCS) with no tent and a vent case for an open system. Comparative simulations of base case are peformed by RELAP5/MOD3 and RELAP5/MOD3. 1 computer codes. The results of too simulations are generally in good qualitative and quantitative agreement. However, since the results of RELAP5/MOD3 simulation reveals the deficiency of RELAP5/MOD3 wall heat model, the RELAP5/AOD3.1 computer code is used for the simulation of the vent case. The analysis result of base case show that two steam generators are insufficient to remove decay heat at one day after shutdown, where the RCS is closed. The RCS pressure increased continuously and reached the RCS temporary boundaries design pressure of 0.24 MPa around 4,000 seconds. In the vent case with a flow capacity equivalent to three times the capacity of Pressurizer Safety Valve (PSV), it is shown that the RCS Pressure does not reach 0.24 MPa and core uncovery does not occur until 10,000 seconds. The detailed discussions on the results of this study suggest the feasibility of RELAP5/AOD3.1 as an analysis tool for the simulation of the loss of RHRS event at reduced inventory operation. The results of this study also provide insight for the determination of proper vent capacity.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Railway
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• v.19 no.5
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• pp.672-684
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• 2016

UIC Codes 714R & 715R recommend the use of line classifications and their usage in maintenance work by employing notional traffic loads. However, the classification has not been applied to local lines and, therefore, a new line classification system based on UIC 714R has been proposed in this study. For this, various classification models of UIC, Germany, and UK have been studied first and equivalent traffic loads based on Korail's report, as well as on train timetables, have been derived. The results of the classifications have been compared with those of major European countries and it has been shown that the proposed classification is equivalent to the average value in the European cases. The line classification can be fully utilized during the decision making process of maintenance work and will also be used to model the Reliability Centered Maintenance (RCM) in the future.

• Spatial Information Research
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.35-45
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• 2013

Most multimedia contains location information whether they are implicit or explicitly, and which are very useful for several purposes. In particular, we may use location information in defining query conditions to retrieve relevant multimedia. For this reason, a number of works have been done to organize and retrieve geo-referenced multimedia data. However, they mostly focus on outdoor space where position is identified by (x, y, z) coordinates. In this paper, we focus on multimedia in an alternative space, indoor space, which differs from outdoor space in several aspects. First indoor space is considered as symbolic space, where location is identified by a symbolic code such as room number rather than coordinates. Second, topological information is a crucial element in providing indoor spatial information services. Third, indoor space is in more micro-scale than outdoor space, which influences on determining the visibility of cameras. Based on these different characteristics of indoor space, we survey the requirements of management systems of indoor geo-referenced multimedia. Then we propose a geo-coding scheme for multimedia in indoor space as an extension of IndoorGML, an OGC(Open Geospatial Consortium) candidate standard for indoor spatial information. We also present a prototype system called, IngC (INdoor Geo-Coding) developed to store and manage indoor geo-referenced multimedia.

• Journal of the Earthquake Engineering Society of Korea
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.47-60
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• 2012

Based on the Korean Building Standard Law, a building less than 3-stories and $1000m^2$ in area is defined as a small-level building and, as a result, this type of building has been excluded from the requirement to comply with seismic design. In order to prevent the loss of life and property under earthquake loadings, the small-scale building should satisfy the seismic performance specified in the current code through a seismic retrofit. In this study, a seismic retrofit scheme of a Buckling-Restrained Knee Brace (BRKB) was developed for non-seismic 2-story steel buildings, including small-scale buildings, using a fragility contour method. In order to develop an effective retrofit scheme of the BRKB for the building, a total of 75 BRKB analytical models were used to achieve the desired performance levels and analyzed using the fragility contour method. The seismic performance of the retrofitted building was evaluated in terms of the weight of the developed BRKB systems. This study shows that the fragility contour method can be used for rapid evaluation and is an effective tool for structural engineers.

• Journal of the Korea Concrete Institute
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.199-208
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• 2010

In order to substitute FRP bar for steel bar in new structures, it is necessary to establish a reliable design code. But relatively little research has been conducted on the material in Korea. So, a total of 22 beam specimens (18 GFRP reinforced concrete and 4 conventional steel reinforced concrete) were constructed and tested. In the first phase of the experiment, it was carried out to observe flexural behavior, and collect deflection and crack data. In order to eliminate of the uncertainty by the shear reinforcements and induce flexural failure mode, any stirrup were not used and only shear span-depth ratio were adjusted. However, almost beams were broken by shear and the ACI 440.1R, CSA S806, which were used to design test beams, showed considerable deviation between prediction and test results of shear strengths. Therefore in the second phase of the study, shear failure modes and behavior were observed. A standard specimen had dimensions of 3,300 mm long ${\times}$ 800 mm wide ${\times}$ 200 mm effective depth. Clear span and shear span were 2,800 mm, 1,200 mm respectively. Control shear span-depth ratio was 6.0. Four-point bending test over simple support was conducted. Variables of the specimens were concrete compressive strength, type and elastic modulus of reinforcement, shear span-depth ratio, effective reinforcement ratio, the effect of bundle placing method and cover thickness.

• Journal of the Korean GEO-environmental Society
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• v.15 no.6
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• pp.57-65
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• 2014

Recently, Construction business is changing from on the ground to underground space because of deficit of developing space, creation of green space and of incremental of land compensation expenses. Meanwhile, 3D Topographic, Marine and Cadastral maps need to have Spatial Interrelation. Also, understanding of the information is also needed. Spatial information object registration system is impossible to contact and understanding intelligence mutually because the former one is managed as automatic ID system. Therefore, 3D Object information ID System of underground space is managed based on Object Identifier. Construction of Spatial information integration ID System is required and it will offer Division Code (Ground, Index, Underground) and depth information. We are defined and classified Under Spatial Information in this paper. Moreover, we developed the integration ID System based on UFID for cadastral information Construction. We supposed underground spatial information DB Construction and a developed the way of exploiting 3D cadastral information system through the study. The research result will be the base data of Standard ID system, DB Construction and system Development of National spatial data which is considered together with spatial interrelation.

• Journal of Radiation Protection and Research
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.97-104
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• 2004

MIRD-type Korean adult male phantom, 'KMIRD' was constructed to calculate Korean-specific dosimetric quantities for radiation protection consideration. The external shape of KMIRD was based on national physical standard data of Korean. KMIRD has thicket trunk than MIRD5 and arm models divided from trunk. The height and weight of the KMIRD are 171 cm and 63.8 kg. ICRP23 data were referred to constitute organs and tissues of KMIRD. However nine organs were constructed based on Korean reference data provided by Radiation Health Research Institute. In the present study, the MCNPX2.3 Monte Carlo transport code was combined with KMIRD to calculate dose conversion coefficients for photon in the energy range from 0.05 to 10 MeV. The simulated irradiation geometries are broad parallel photon beams in AP, PA, LLAT and RLAT direction. Absorbed dose conversion coefficients were compared with data calculated with MIRD5, MIRD-type phantom based on ICRP23 reference man. In some organs, the discrepancies between two phantoms amount up to nearly 30%. The effective doses conversion coefficients of KMIRD are lower than those of MIRD5. The dose discrepancies between two MIRD-type phantoms ate because of physical differences between Korean and Western, also geometric differences between two phantoms. KMIRD should be revised using the full set of Korean reference data of all organs. The developed MIRD-type Korean adult male phantom can be applied to dose assessment of internal exposure.

• The Transactions of the Korea Information Processing Society
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.563-572
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• 1997

E-mail has been eidely used for unformation delivery as an Inernet serive. As multimedia etchnologies are developed rapidly, most of the recent Unternet infornation servies support multimedia data. E-mail system also needs to suport multimedia nesage. But Internet mail servise using simple maiol transfer protocol(SMTP) speci-fied in RFC 821/822 handles only ASCII text messages repressented with 7-bit code. Each line the message has the length limitation as well. Those are why it cannot satisfy the diverse user'w demands. Multipuepose Unternet mail extensions(MIMZE), which is a modification and supplement of RFC 822,was proposed for supporting transportation of multimedia data.It can solve the limitations of sizes and types in contents of a message. In this study the E-mail system has been designed and implemented according to the MIME standard in order to solve the limitations of transpotation of messages regardless of the message content type. Hypertext markup language(HTML)syntax is applied to the mail system, and so it is possible to display a message consisting of differnt media as an intergrated from for the purpose of better understanding a message. No application program is needed for displaying a message including image data,and convenience for user is considered in the system. The futuer work is to improve the E-mail system so that it may support motion pictures and sound information,Thereby tge perfor multimeda E-mail system providing inergrated user's wiew will be developed.