• 한국식품조리과학회지
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• 제32권1호
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• pp.9-15
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• 2016

The changes of resistant starch (RS) contents of cooked rice with soybean and coconut oils under different storage conditions were investigated and RS contents were compared between the rice and cooker types. The japonica (Hopyeong) and the indica (Thailand) type rice were cooked (washed rice: water = 100: 130) using an electric cooker and a saucepan. The coconut oil and soybean oil (3%, based on rice, w/w) were added into cooking water before heating. The RS contents of freeze-dried cooked rice powders (newly-cooked rice, stored for 12 h in the refrigerator, microwave heating after storage for 12 h in the refrigerator) were measured by the AOAC method. The RS contents of cooked rice using a saucepan were higher than those using an electric cooker. The indica type cooked rice had a higher RS content than the japonica type cooked rice, regardless of storage conditions. However, addition of oil before cooking rice resulted in increased RS content on storage in the refrigerator. The highest RS content of the cooked indica type rice with soybean oil ($5.89{\pm}0.22%$) that was stored for 12 h in the refrigerator was analyzed. The results suggested that the cooked rice formed retrograded (RS3) and amylose-lipid complex (RS5) type RS; furthermore, the RS content is affected by storage conditions, rice, cooker and oil types.

• 한국응용과학기술학회지
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• 제28권4호
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• pp.431-437
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• 2011

Transparent liquid crystal gels with high oil content by fatty acid soap were investigated. The solubilization efficiency of the mineral oil was dependent on the process. The process of dropping water part into the solution of oil and surfactant was more efficient than the process of dropping water part into the surfactant solution and after that dropping oil. The fatty acid soap could not solubilize the high oil content, but under the certain range, addition of CDE (Coconut Diethanolamide), Arlacel 165 (Glyceryl Stearate/PEG-100 Stearate) and cetostearyl alcohol helped solubilize the high content oil. Also, the glycerin and water content had influence on the solubilization. Especially, higher oil content gel showed elastic feature.

• 한국치위생학회지
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.375-385
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• 2019

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to provide basic data for gingivitis management programs by dental hygienists by evaluating the effect of oral health education, oil pulling, and professional toothbrushing on gingivitis. Methods: A total of 38 subjects were divided into three groups: control group (12 subjects), experimental group 1 (13 subjects), and experimental group 2 (13 subjects). The control and experimental groups were instructed to brush using the rotating method. Distilled water was provided to the control group after training. Coconut oil was provided every morning for about 10 minutes. In the experimental group 2, a professional brushing method was used at each visit. Results: There were no significant differences in oral health among the three groups, and there was homology between patient hygiene performance (PHP) index (p=0.144) and bleeding rate (p=0.213). The PHP index showed a significant interaction between the group and measurement time. The control and experimental groups showed changes in the PHP index with time (F=3.711; p=0.013). The bleeding rate showed a significant interaction between the group and measurement period. The control and experimental groups showed changes in the bleeding rate with time (F=6.707; p<0.001). Conclusions: Oral health education, professional toothbrushing, and oil pulling specialists in oral care of gingivitis were effective in managing gingivitis. It is necessary to educate people on self-management methods for oral health promotion using gingivitis management programs by dental hygienists.

• 공업화학
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• 제29권5호
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• pp.524-532
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• 2018

본 연구에서는 천연 유래의 코코넛 오일을 원료로 사용하여 2종류의 아미노산계 음이온 생체계면활성제 포타슘 코코일 글루타메이트(potassium cocoyl glutamate, CTK)와 소듐 코코일 글루타메이트(sodium cocoyl glutamate, CTN)를 합성하였으며, 합성한 계면활성제의 구조를 FT-IR, $^1H-NMR$ 및 $^{13}C-NMR$ 분석을 통하여 규명하였다. 합성한 계면활성제에 대하여 정적 및 동적 표면장력과 유화력 등의 계면 물성을 측정한 결과, CTK와 CTN 모두 계면 활성이 우수하고 계면 에너지를 낮추는데 효과적임을 알 수 있었다. 특히, CTK 계면활성제가 CTN 계면활성제와 비교하여 계면 에너지를 낮추는데 보다 효과적이었는데 이는 CTK가 소수성이 더 크고 계면활성제 단분자가 벌크 용액으로부터 공기와 수용액의 계면으로 이동하는 속도가 빨라서 공기와 수용액의 계면이 계면활성제 단분자에 의하여 더 짧은 시간에 포화되기 때문임을 알 수 있었으며, 생활용품이나 화장품 제조에 적용될 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

• 한국응용과학기술학회지
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.55-61
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• 1992

This study was performed observe the effect of edible oil on the serum lipid of 0.5% cholesterol-fed rats. In this experiment, male rats of Sprague-Dawley strain were used. The rats were divided into 5groups which were fed differently eigher for 8 weeks : basal diet, 20% sunflower oil diet, 20% soybean oil diet, 20% rapeseed oil diet, 20% coconut oil diet. The followings are the results of this experiment. 1. The total chol., free chol., TG, PL level in the serum were showed tendency of decrease with in creasing of P/S ratios. 2. HDL-chol. level was increased with increasing of P/S ratios but LDL-chol. level was decreased. 3. GOT, GPT, TBA level in the serum were increased with increasing of P/S ratios.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제5권4호
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• pp.605-610
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• 1992

Two experiments were conducted to investigate into the effects of replacing maize with a mixture of cassava root and leaf meal (CRLM) on the performance of broiler chickens. In experiment 1, CRLM replaced 50 or 100 percent of maize in the control diet. In experiment 2, the 100 percent CRLM based-diet was fortified at a further 3 percent level with coconut oil. A total of 180, one-day old Shaver Starbro chicks, raised up to 49 days of age, were used. There were no significant (p<0.05) differences in final body weights, feed intake and feed efficiency between the control group and the group fed the diet in which 50 percent of the maize was replaced with CRLM. At the 100 percent level of replacement of maize with CRLM, however, final body weights, feed efficiency and carcass yields, were significantly (p<0.05) reduced. Dressing percentage and feed intake were not affected (p>0.05) by level of substitution of maize with CRLM. In experiment 2, when the diet in which all of the maize was replaced with CRLM was fortified with coconut oil at an additional 3 percent level, broiler performance improved and equaled (p=0.05) that obtained on the control maize diet. It was concluded the CRLM can replace 50 percent of maize in broiler diet without adversely affecting performance. However, for the complete replacement of maize with CRLM, it is necessary to further supplement such a diet with a high energy density ingredient if broiler performance is to be maintained.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제30권6호
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• pp.834-842
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• 2017

Objective: An experiment was to evaluate the interplay of dietary lipid sources and feeding regime in the transition from sow milk to solid food of abruptly weaned piglets. Methods: Soon after weaning, 144 piglets were selected and were trained over a 15 day period to experience gradually reducing dietary fat content from 12% to 6% for lard (L), soybean oil (S), and coconut oil (C) and their feeding behavior and diet preference then tested in a behavior observation experiment. Another 324 weaned piglets were used in three consecutive feeding experiments to measure the effect of different dietary fats on performance and feed choice in the four weeks after abrupt weaning. The lipid sources were used as supplements in a 3% crude fat corn/soya basal diet, with 6% of each being included to form diets 9C, 9S, and 9L respectively, and their effects on performance measured. Combinations of these diets were then further compared in fixed blends or free choice selection experiments. Results: Piglets pre-trained to experience reducing lipid inclusion showed different subsequent preferences according to lipid source, with a preference for lard at 9%, soybean oil at 3%, and coconut oil at 6% inclusion rate (p<0.001). Following abrupt weaning, whilst after 4 weeks those fed 9C had the heaviest body weights (18.13 kg, p = 0.006). Piglets fed a fixed 1:1 blend of 9C+9S had a poorer feed conversion ratio (FCR = 1.80) than those fed a blend of 9C+9L (FCR = 1.4). The 9C and 9L combination groups showed better performance in both fixed blend and free choice feeding regimes. Conclusion: After abrupt weaning, they still have dependence on high oleic acid lipids as found in sow milk. A feeding regime offering free choice combination of lipids might give the possibility for piglets to cope better with the transition at weaning, but further research is needed.

• 한국응용과학기술학회지
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• 제41권2호
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• pp.318-328
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• 2024

본 연구에서는 수크로스 스테아레이트(SS)의 유화력과 가용화력을 좀 더 향상시키기 위해, sodium deoxycholate (SDOC)와 PEG-40 hydrogenated castor oil (HCO)와의 혼합 조성물을 구성하였다. 혼합물의 최적 조성을 구하기 위해 혼합물 실험 계획법을 도입하여 실험을 진행하고, 실험에서 얻은 데이터를 회귀 분석하여 혼합물 조성의 변화가 혼합물의 특성에 미치는 영향을 살펴보았다. SS에 SDOC만을 첨가했을 때 코코넛 오일에 대한 유화력이 가장 향상되고, HCO만을 첨가했을 때는 가용화력이 가장 향상된 반면, 에스테르 오일인 cetyl ethylhexanoate (CEH)에 대한 유화력은 SDOC와 HCO를 함께 첨가했을 때 가장 크게 향상됨을 알 수 있었다. 코코넛 오일 및 CEH 각각에 대한 유화력과 가용화력, 3개의 특성치에 대한 동시 최적화를 실시한 결과, 최적의 계면활성제 혼합 조성은 SS 0.7939, SDOC 0.0586, HCO 0.1475로 구해졌다.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제41권3호
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• pp.362-368
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• 2012

본 연구에서는 국내 유통되는 커피 크리머와 커피믹스의 수분 함량과 지방 함량을 측정하고 지방의 지방산 조성을 분석하였고 관능평가를 수행하였다. 커피 크리머의 수분 함량은 1.9~4.5%, 지방 함량은 15.4~28.5%이었다. 인스턴트 커피믹스의 수분 함량은 1.1~2.8%, 지방 함량은 7.7~14.0%이었다. 14개 커피 크리머 제품 중 12개 제품의 지방은 포화지방산이 90% 이상으로 조성되어 있었는데, lauric acid, myristic acid, palmitic acid 순서로 많았다. 나머지 2개 제품의 지방은 포화지방산이 50%, 단일불포화지방산이 39%, 다중불포화지방산이 10%로 이루어져 있었다. 커피믹스 11개 제품의 지방은 포화지방산이 99~100%를 차지하고 있었는데, lauric acid, myristic acid, palmitic acid의 순서로 많았다. Lauric acid와 myristic acid의 함량이 높은 제품은 coconut oil이나 palm kernel oil에서 유래되었다고 볼 수 있으며, palmitic acid, oleic acid, linoleic acid의 함량이 높은 제품은 palm oil(PO)을 지방 원료로 사용하였다고 볼 수 있다. 지방산 조성 분석을 바탕으로 지방산 조성의 특성에 따라 5가지 제품을 선택하여 관능 평가를 수행한 결과, 향과 맛 그리고 전반적인 기호도는 lauric acid가 많이 함유된 커피 크리머를 첨가한 커피가 유의적으로 좋은 평가를 받았으며(p<0.05), palmitic acid, oleic acid, linoleic acid의 함량이 높은 커피크리머는 전반적인 기호도 면에서 유의적으로 낮은 평가를 받아(p<0.05), PO의 원료를 많이 함유할수록 커피의 맛에 안좋은 영향을 주는 것을 알 수 있었다. Hydrogenated coconut oil(HCO)과 PO의 배합 비율을 다르게 하여 제조한 커피 크리머로 만든 커피를 관능 평가한 결과, HCO의 비율이 높을수록 전반적인 기호도에서 높은 평가를 받았다. 따라서 커피 크리머에 함유된 지방이 커피의 맛에 영향을 주는 것을 알 수 있었다.

• Tribology and Lubricants
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• 제36권6호
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• pp.342-349
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• 2020

The rapidly increasing threats to the environmental has increased the demand for biodegradable lubricants. Vegetable oils, such as olive, coconut, and sunflower oils, are readily obtainable and are not harmful, unlike synthetic and mineral oils. The tribological characteristics of these oils should be adequately examined for industrial applications. In this study, the lubrication characteristics of olive oil is investigated using a pin-on-disk-type tribometer under 500 gf of normal force, and the examination results are compared and analyzed with those of commercial synthetic lubricants for friction and wear. In addition, stearic acid, which is a type of saturated fatty acid, is mixed with olive oil as an additive to improve its lubrication characteristics. Olive oil with stearic acid additive is thus observed to exhibit the lowest friction coefficient for rotational speeds of 200 to 800 rpm. According to the wear analysis, a minimal amount of wear is observed when no additive is used. Hence, olive oil is able to effectively reduce friction and wear at relatively low speeds. These low friction and wear characteristics of olive oil are attributed to its compatibility with the substrate.