• 농업과학연구
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.34-42
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• 1977

옥수수의 우수 품종선발을 위하여 3가지 선발지수를 계산하여 이들 지수의 효과를 비교하였든바 1. William의 기초지수가 가장 계산하기도 쉬웠고 우수 품종선발에서도 효과적이었다. 2. Pesek과 Baker가 제창한 선발지수법은 관여형질의 유전분산 및 공분산을 계산하는데 까다로웠고 또한 공시품종수가 적든가 시험연수나 장소가 많지 않은 경우에는 이들 유전분산 및 공분산이 낮았으며 본 실험에 있어서는 큰 효과가 없었다. 3. 퍼듀 대학의 지수계산법은 계산도 용이하여 사용하기에 편리하였지만 다만 관여형질 등에 대한 중요도를 모두 동일시 하는데 큰 결점이 있었다. 4. 관여형질들을 경제적 가치로 환산하는데 다음과 같은 공식을 이용하였다. 1) 수분함량 : $(Y-15.5){\times}$0.0065{\times}$분셀/에카 여기서 Y는 수확시 수분함량이었고 $0.0065는 1붓셀의 옥수수에서 1%의 수분을 건조시키는데 요하는 경비였다. 2) 뿌리 및 줄기도복 : 도복율(%)${\times}$붓셀당가격${\div}$50${\div}$전체시험구의 평균수량.

• Korean Journal of Radiology
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• 제21권9호
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• pp.1036-1044
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• 2020

Objective: To investigate the clinical feasibility of synthetic diffusion-weighted imaging (sDWI) at different b-values in patients with breast cancer by assessing the diagnostic image quality and the quantitative measurements compared with conventional diffusion-weighted imaging (cDWI). Materials and Methods: Fifty patients with breast cancer were assessed using cDWI at b-values of 800 and 1500 s/mm² (cDWI₈₀₀ and cDWI₁₅₀₀) and sDWI at b-values of 1000 and 1500 s/mm² (sDWI₁₀₀₀ and sDWI₁₅₀₀). Qualitative analysis (normal glandular tissue suppression, overall image quality, and lesion conspicuity) was performed using a 4-point Likert-scale for all DWI sets and the cancer detection rate (CDR) was calculated. We also evaluated cancer-to-parenchyma contrast ratios for each DWI set in 45 patients with the lesion identified on any of the DWI sets. Statistical comparisons were performed using Friedman test, one-way analysis of variance, and Cochran's Q test. Results: All parameters of qualitative analysis, cancer-to-parenchyma contrast ratios, and CDR increased with increasing b-values, regardless of the type of imaging (synthetic or conventional) (p < 0.001). Additionally, sDWI₁₅₀₀ provided better lesion conspicuity than cDWI₁₅₀₀ (3.52 ± 0.92 vs. 3.39 ± 0.90, p < 0.05). Although cDWI₁₅₀₀ showed better normal glandular tissue suppression and overall image quality than sDWI₁₅₀₀ (3.66 ± 0.78 and 3.73 ± 0.62 vs. 3.32 ± 0.90 and 3.35 ± 0.81, respectively; p < 0.05), there was no significant difference in their CDR (90.0%). Cancer-to-parenchyma contrast ratios were greater in sDWI₁₅₀₀ than in cDWI₁₅₀₀ (0.63 ± 0.17 vs. 0.55 ± 0.18, p < 0.001). Conclusion: sDWI₁₅₀₀ can be feasible for evaluating breast cancers in clinical practice. It provides higher tumor conspicuity, better cancer-to-parenchyma contrast ratio, and comparable CDR when compared with cDWI₁₅₀₀.

• 품질경영학회지
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.59-120
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• 1977

An antibiotic 'P', which is one of the products of the Gist Brocades N. V. is being tested by its research department as fungicide on seed-potatoes. For this testing they designed experiments, with two control groups, one competitor's product, eight formulations of the antibiotic to be tested in different concentrations and one mercury treatment which can not be used in practice. The treated potatoes were planted in three different regions, where bifferent conditions prevail. After several months the harvested potatoes are divided in groups according to their diameter, potato illness is analysed and counted. These data were summarised in percentage and given to us for Analysis. We approached and analysed the data by following methods: a. Computation of the mean and standard deviation of the percenage of good results in each size group and treatment. b. Computation of the experimental errors by substraction of each treatment mean from observed data. c. Description of the frequency table, plotting of a histogram and a normal curve on same graph to check normality. d. Test of normality paper and chi-sqeare test to check the goodness of fit to a normal curve. e. Test for homogeneity of variance in each treatment with the Cochran's test and Hartley's test. f. Analysis of Variance for testing the means by one way classifications. g. Drawing of graphs with upper and lower confidence limits to show the effect of different treatments. h. T-test and F-test to two Control mean and variance for making one control of Dunnett's test. i. Dunnett's Test and calculations for numerical comarision of different treatments wth one control. In region R, where the potatoes were planted, it was this year very dry and rather bad conditions to grow potatoes prevailed during the experimental period. The results of this investigation show us that treatment No.2, 3 and 4 are significantly different from other treatments and control groups (none treated, just like natural state). Treatment no.2 is the useless mercury formulation. So only No. 3 and 4, which have high concentrations of antibiotic 'P', gave a good effect to the potatoes. As well as the competitors product, middle and low concentrated formulations are not significantly different from control gro-ups of every size. In region w, where the potatoes got the same treatments as in region R, prevailed better weather conditions and was enough water obtainable from the lake. The results in this region showed that treatment No. 2, 3, 4, and 5 are Significantly different from other treatments and the control groups. Again No.2 is the mercury treatmentin this investigation. Not only high concentrated formulation of antibiotic 'P', but also the competitor's poroduct gave good results. But, the effect of 'P', was better than the competitors porduct. In region G, where the potatoes got the same treatments as in the regions R and w. and the climate conditions were equal to region R, the results showed that most of the treatments are not significantly different from the control groups. Only treatment no. 3 was a little bit different from the others. but not Significantly different. It seems to us that the difference between the results in the three regions was caused by certain conditions like, the nature of the soil the degres of moisture and hours of sunshine, but we are not sure of that. As a conclusion, we can say that antibiotic 'P' has a good effect on potatoes, but in most investigations a rather high concentration of 'P' was required in formulations.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제54권3호
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• pp.362-368
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• 2022

CATA 방법을 이용하여 저장용기를 달리하여 숙성한 증류식 소주와 시판 제품의 감각 특성을 파악하고 소비자 기호도를 조사하였다. CATA 용어의 총 합을 분석한 결과 총 21가지 특성 중 14가지 특성에서 빈도수 차이가 10 이상으로 나타났으며, 11가지 특성에서 시료간의 유의적인 차이가 존재한 것으로 나타났다. 대응 분석 결과 F1상에서 오크 숙성 시료가 양의 방향으로 분포하였으며, 나머지 시료가 음의 방향으로 분포하여 오크 숙성에 의한 증류식 소주의 감각특성의 차이를 확인하였다. 전반적으로 오크숙성과 관련 특성이 높게 나타난 JRJ, 6RO, 18RO가 기호도 평가에서 전반적으로 높은 평가를 나타내었다. 기호도와 감각 묘사용어 빈도수 합의 관계를 살펴보면, 단향, 과일맛, 단맛의 경우 기호도에 긍정적인 영향을 미치며, 알코올향, 아세톤향, 쓴맛은 부정적인 영향을 미치는 것을 알 수 있다. 스테인레스 스틸과 옹기 같은 숙성용기와 숙성기간에 따른 감각특성의 차이는 CATA 평가를 통해서는 뚜렷한 차이를 확인하지 못 하였다. 향후 CATA 조사 인원 확대 및 다양한 감각평가 방법의 적용을 통해 이러한 차이도 파악이 가능하리라 여겨진다.

• The Korean journal of internal medicine
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• 제39권2호
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• pp.295-305
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• 2024

Background/Aims: The prognosis of patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) and respiratory failure requiring mechanical ventilation is poor. Therefore, mechanical ventilation is not recommended. Recently, outcomes of mechanical ventilation, including those for patients with IPF, have improved. The aim of this study was to investigate changes in the use of mechanical ventilation in patients with IPF and their outcomes over time. Methods: This retrospective, observational cohort study used data from the National Health Insurance Service database. Patients diagnosed with IPF between January 2011 and December 2019 who were placed on mechanical ventilation were included. We analyzed changes in the use of mechanical ventilation in patients with IPF and their mortality using the Cochran-Armitage trend test. Results: Between 2011 and 2019, 1,227 patients with IPF were placed on mechanical ventilation. The annual number of patients with IPF with and without mechanical ventilation increased over time. However, the ratio was relatively stable at approximately 3.5%. The overall hospital mortality rate was 69.4%. There was no improvement in annual hospital mortality rate. The overall 30-day mortality rate was 68.7%, which did not change significantly. The overall 90-day mortality rate was 85.3%. The annual 90-day mortality rate was decreased from 90.9% in 2011 to 83.1% in 2019 (p = 0.028). Conclusions: Despite improvements in intensive care and ventilator management, the prognosis of patients with IPF receiving mechanical ventilation has not improved significantly.