• 한국토양비료학회지
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• 제45권1호
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• pp.20-24
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• 2012

Denitrification rate was determined for various freshwater wetland types in the Mississippi River Coastal delta plain. Site 1 and 4 were collected from forested-tupelo dominated wetland, and site 2 and 3 were from floating emergent marsh. The maximum $N_2O$ emission was $7.47mg\;N\;m^{-2}$ for site 1 at day 6 after the addition of nitrate, $6.96mg\;N\;m^{-2}$ for site 2 at day 4, $6.63mg\;N\;m^{-2}$ for site 3 at day 3, and $9.64mg\;N\;m^{-2}$ for site 4 at day 4. The denitrification rate was determined using the acetylene inhibition method $1.24mg\;N\;m^{-2}d^{-1}$ for site 1, $1.93mg\;N\;m^{-2}d^{-1}$ for site 2, $2.24mg\;N\;m^{-2}d^{-1}$ for site 3, and $2.78mg\;N\;m^{-2}d^{-1}$ for site 4. The maximum denitrification rate was in the order of site 4 > site 3 > site 2 > site 1.

• 한국지하수토양환경학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지하수토양환경학회 2006년도 총회 및 춘계학술발표회
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• pp.293-297
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• 2006

Submarine groundwater discharge (SGD) and the interface between seawater and freshwater in an unconfined coastal aquifer was evaluated by numerical modeling. A two-dimensional vertical cross section of the aquifer was constructed. Coupled flow and salinity transport modeling were peformed by using a numerical code FEFLOW In this study, we investigated the changes in groundwater flow and salinity transport in coastal aquifer with hydraulic condition such as the magnitude of recharge flux, hydraulic conductivity. Especially, transient simulation considering tidal effect and seasonal change of recharge rate was simulated to compare the difference between quasi-steady state and transient state. Results show that SGD flux is in proportion to the recharge rate and hydraulic conductivity, and the interface between the seawater and the freshwater shows somewhat retreat toward the seaside as recharge flux increases. Considered tidal effect, SGD flux and flow directions are affected by continuous change of the sea level and the interface shows more dispersed pattern affected by velocity variation. The cases which represent variable daily recharge rate instead of annual average value also shows remarkably different result from the quasi-steady case, implying the importance of transient state simulation.

• 한국해안해양공학회지
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• 제2권4호
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• pp.223-230
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• 1990

해상공사를 하므로써 발생하는 현탁물질은 공사 주변 환경변화에 많은 영향을 미치고 있다. 그러므로 해역에서 토사투하에 따른 탁수괴의 거동을 규명하는 것은 대단히 중요하다. 토사투하할 때 일어나는 유동은 퇴적현상에 영향을 미친다고 생각되어, 탁수괴의 낙하특성과 퇴적형상과의 관련성에 대하여 실험하였다. 탁수괴의 높이 변화, 길이 변화, 이동속도 변화, 탁수괴 선단부의 이동시간, 탁수괴의 운행계수, 현상계수, 토사의 퇴적형상에 대해서 알아보았다. 그 결과, 토사투하의 거동은 토사투하량이 투하토사 입경에 비하여 많을 경우 대기권에서 일어나는 난류 Thermal 현상과 유사하다는 것을 알았다. 따라서 토사투하시의 유체역학적 지배방정식은 난류 Thermal 이론으로 대신할 수 있다는 것을 알았다.

• 한국지하수토양환경학회지:지하수토양환경
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• 제26권6호
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• pp.95-105
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• 2021

Extensive groundwater abstraction has been recognized as one of the major challenges in management of coastal groundwater. The purpose of this study was to assess potential changes of groundwater distribution of northeastern Jeju Island over 10-year duration, where brackish water have been actively developed. To quantitatively estimate the coastal groundwater resources, numerical simulations using three-dimensional finite-difference density-dependent flow models were performed to describe spatial distribution of the groundwater in the aquifer under various pumping and recharge scenarios. The simulation results showed different spatial distribution of freshwater, brackish, and saline groundwater at varying seawater concentration from 10 to 90%. Volumetric analysis was also performed using three-dimensional concentration distribution of groundwater to calculate the volume of fresh, brackish, and saline groundwater below sea level. Based on the volumetric analysis, a quantitative analysis of future seawater intrusion vulnerability was performed using the volume-based vulnerability index adopted from the existing analytical approaches. The result showed that decrease in recharge can exacerbate vulnerability of coastal groundwater resources by inducing broader saline area as well as increasing brackish water volume of unconfined aquifers.

• 한국지하수토양환경학회지:지하수토양환경
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• 제26권1호
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• pp.17-23
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• 2021

In order to investigate change of shear strength of coastal muddy sediment by mixing pretreated oyster shells with different pyrolysis temperatures and particle sizes, a vane shear test was carried out. The shear strength of the sediment with oyster shells pyrolyzed at 800℃ was twice higher than that of the control, with a maximum shear strength of ca. 0.2 kPa. The Ca2+ concentration in the pore water was the highest at sediment with oyster shells pyrolyzed at 800℃ with a concentration of ca. 790 mg/L. From the above results, it is concluded that the application of the oyster shells pyrolyzed at 800℃ can affect the increase in shear strength of coastal sediments through the aggregation of clay particles and pozzolanic reactions with sediments.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.341-346
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• 2011

To study the effects of salinity-sodicity on bacterial population and enzyme activities, soil samples were collected from the Bay of Yellow Sea, Incheon, South Korea. In the soils nearest to the coastline, pH, electrical conductivity ($EC_e$), sodium adsorption ratio (SAR), and exchangeable sodium percentage (ESP) were greater than the criteria of saline-sodic soil, and soils collected from sites 1.5-2 km away from the coastline were not substantially affected by the intrusion and spray of seawater. Halotolerant bacteria showed similar trends, whereas non-tolerant bacteria and enzymatic activities had opposite trends. Significant positive correlations were found between EC, exchangeable $Na^+$, and pH with SAR and ESP. In contrast, $EC_e$, SAR, ESP, and exchangeable $Na^+$ exhibited significant negative correlations with bacterial populations and enzyme activities. The results of this study indicate that the soil chemical variables related with salinity-sodicity are significantly related with the sampling distance from the coastline and are the key stress factors, which greatly affect microbial and biochemical properties.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.45-59
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• 2016

Vegetation and soil conditions of four sites in west coastal forests in South Korea, were examined to analyze the relationship between Pinus thunbergii forests structure and soil conditions. The P. thunbergii forests were divided into four clusters; 1) P. thunbergii - Prunus sargentii var. sargentii, 2) P. thunbergii - Robinia pseudoacacia, 3) P. thunbergii - P. densiflora and 4) P. thunbergii - Quercus serrata. The soil of each site was poor in chemical characteristics but good enough for land plants to grow because of its low salt concentration. According to the results by CCA Ordination, certain excessive soil nutrition has influenced on vegetation and specific species distribution. Forty eight species were found in the whole sites of coastal forests and some species appeared in every site. They are P. thunbergii, R. pseudoacacia, Rhus chinensis, Idesia polycarpa and Morus alba. For the tree species importance value, P. thunbergii was followed by R. pseudoacacia, Q. serrata, P. densiflora, Celtis sinensis, M. alba, I. polycarpa and Q. mongolica in order.

• 한국해양공학회지
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• 제27권4호
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• pp.98-106
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• 2013

Seismic fragility curves for an offshore wind-turbine structure were obtained. The dynamic response of an offshore wind turbine was analyzed by considering the nonlinear behavior of layered soil and the added mass effect due to seawater. A pile-soil interaction effect was considered by using nonlinear p-y, t-z curves. In the analysis, the amplification effect of ground acceleration through layered soil was considered by applying ground motion to each of the soil layers. The vertical variation in ground motion was found by one-dimensional free-field analysis of ground soils. Fragility curves were determined by damage levels in terms of tower stress and nacelle displacements that were found from static pushover analysis of the wind-turbine structure.

• Journal of Plant Biology
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.7-14
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• 1969

Korea has a lots of margin for security of farm land from her coastal region. The area of saline soil may be reached about 10% of present farm land if the reclamation works are finished. This paper was conducted as a part of studying the possibilities of desalination of saline soil through the experiment of some halophytes. The halophytes in this works were Salicornia herbacea L., Suaeda glauca Bunge, chenopodium acuminatum Willd, and Scirpus triquerter L. Of the above halophytes, Salicornia was proved the most effective plant for desalination of saline soil referring to the following results; 1) The seasonal uptake of chloride by Salicornia was the highest of all. However, the general tendencies of all plants showed a decrease on August. 2) Salinity of soil showed the lowest value on the site where Salicornia was grwon densely. Comparing the other sites grouped by age of saline soil with the above site, the salinity of rice-paddy (10 years after reclamation) is similar to those of the site wehre Salicornia were as well as the 50 cm below the surface soil. 3) The maximum water holding capacity of surface soil appeared in the site of Salicornia, but in 50 cm below the surface, the maximum water holding capacity are almost on equat terms having no connection with the age of saline soil. Soil pH, other chemical compositions such as organic matter, magnesium, potassium, phosphorous, and nitrate were determined to elucidate the relationship between the changes of soil properties and chemical uptakes by certain halophytes. It is assumed that the above chemical compositions are frequently affected by the factors such as coastal circulation of salts, exchangeable base, microbial growth, climatic conditions, and irrigation of water.

• 한국해안·해양공학회논문집
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• 제28권4호
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• pp.222-231
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• 2016

최근 해상풍력터빈에 대한 하부구조물로 재킷 또는 트라이포드 형태의 고정식 하부구조물이 기존의 모노파일을 대체하는 좋은 대안으로 제시되고 있다. 이러한 재킷 또는 트라이포트 하부구조물은 이미 기술성숙도가 높고 25-50 m 사이의 중수심에서 경제성 확보가 가능하다. 본 논문에서는 모노파일을 포함하여 트라이포드, 재킷 하부구조물을 채택한 고정식 해상풍력터빈에 대하여 지반물성치 및 하중의 불확실성, 그리고 세굴 깊이를 고려하여 신뢰성 해석을 수행하였다. NREL 5 MW 풍력터빈 제원을 이용한 수치해석을 통하여, 지반물성치의 불확실성을 고려한 신뢰도 지수 분석 결과 모노파일 기초를 채택한 해상풍력터빈의 신뢰도 지수가 세굴깊이가 증가함에 따라 크게 감소하는 것을 알 수 있었으며, 재킷 또는 트라이포드 기초를 채택한 경우 세굴깊이가 신뢰도 지수에 미치는 영향이 크지 않음을 알 수 있었다. 결론적으로 재킷 또는 트라이포드 기초를 채택한 해상풍력터빈의 경우 지반-말뚝 상호작용을 고려하지 않아도 구조 신뢰성 해석을 수행할 수 있으나, 모노파일을 채택한 경우, 신뢰성 해석 시 지반물성치 및 이에 포함되어 있는 불확실성의 정보가 상대적으로 중요함을 알 수 있다.