• Proceedings of KOSOMES biannual meeting
• /
• 2006.11a
• /
• pp.15-24
• /
• 2006

The hot pursuit of a foreign ship may be undertaken when the competent authorities of the coastal State have good reason to believe that the ship has vi-olated the laws and regulations of that State. Such pursuit must be commenced when the foreign ship or one of its boats is within the internal waters, the archi-pelagic waters, the territorial sea or the contiguous zone of the pursuing State, and may only be continued outside the territorial sea or the contiguous zone if the pursuit has not been interrupted. It is not necessary that, at the time when the foreign ship within the territorial sea or the contiguous zone recevies the order to stop, the ship giving the order should likewise be within the territorial sea or the contiguous zone. If the foreign ship is within a contiguous zone, as defined in article 33, the pursuit may only be undertaken if there has been a vio-lation of the rights for the protection of which the zone was established. The right of hot pursuit shall apply mutatis mutandis to violations in the ex-clusive economic zone or on the continental shelf, including safety zones around continental shelf installations, of the laws and regulations of the coastal State applicable in accordance with this Convention to the exclusive economic zone or the continental shelf, including such safety zones.

• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
• /
• v.6 no.3
• /
• pp.140-148
• /
• 2003

On the basis of factor analysis, stations were grouped according to their similar characteristics of seawater quality. The data for factor analysis were collected from the 15 stations from Dukryang Bay to Ulsan Bay on the southern cost of Korea. The study was based on the data from 1991 to 2000. The 8 water quality items analyzed were temperature, salinity, pH, DO, COD, DIN (dissolved inorganic nitrogen), DIP (dissolved inorganic phosphorus), and SS (suspended solid). Analysis of 6 water quality items including DO with the exception of temperature and salinity showed that 15 stations were grouped into two zones, i.e., the western and the eastern coast, by the axis of Samcheonpo-Jinju Bay-south of Geoje, 3 seawater zones in all. The adjacent stations to the southward or northward but not those to the eastward or westward were classified into the same group. On the analysis of all of the 8 water quality items, the stations of Dukryang Bay and Goheung; and those of Onsan and Ulsan Bay were classified into the same group. Yeosu and Namhae stations were sectioned into 1 group on the all seawater quality items but DIP, Samcheonpo and south of Geoje stations another group on all seawater quality items but water temperature, and Masan and Busan stations in the other group on all seawater quality items but DO. The stations from Dukryang Bay through Goheung to east of Geoje were grouped together on the COD item, and this showed somewhat different tendency in other seawater quality items.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
• /
• v.23 no.2
• /
• pp.253-262
• /
• 2010

This study aimed to evaluate the nutritional situation of pigs kept in three ecological zones of central Vietnam: Upland, Lowland and Coastal Area. An interview-based questionnaire was made and surveys were conducted in 27 villages and data were collected from 1,200 participating households. The current study showed that amounts of feed and crude protein content in the diets for fattening pigs and sows are deficient for all three regions. Amounts of feed as DM (kg/d) fed to growing pigs of 20-50 kg BW was deficient by 0.54 kg (29%) in Lowland, 0.53 kg (28.6%) in the Coastal area and 0.42 kg (22.4%) in Upland. The deficiency in CP in the diets of growing pigs in this period (20-50 kg) was largest at 20.7 g/d (62.1%) in Lowland, following by 22.1 g/d (66.4%) in Coastal and 23.2 g/d (69.7%) in Upland. Amount of feed as DM (kg/d) fed to growing pigs of 50-90 kg BW had a deficiency of 1.26 (48.9%), 1.25 (51.2%) and 1.14 (51.5%) kg/d in Lowland, Coastal and Upland, respectively. The deficiencies in crude protein in the growing diet during this period in Lowland, Coastal and Upland regions were 27 g/d (68.3%), 29 g/d (71.9%) and 30 g/d (74.6%), respectively. The deficiency in DM intake (kg/d) of pregnant sows in the Lowland area was 0.3 kg (15%), 0.33 kg (16%) in the Coastal area and 0.47 kg (23.5%) in the Upland area. Crude protein content in the diet of pregnant sows raised in Lowland was 8 g/d (32.0%) deficient, in the Coastal region the deficiency was 11 g/d (42.7%) and in Upland this deficiency was 15 g/d (61.2%). The deficiency in DM intake (kg/d) of lactating sows raised in Lowland was 1.47 kg (31.1%), in the Coastal area this was 1.69 kg (39.2%) and in Upland it was most deficient at 2.46 kg (57.1%). The lack of crude protein content in the diets of sows raised in Lowland was 45 g/d (63.4%), in the Coastal region it was 46 g/d (65%), and in Upland it was 55 g/d (78.9%). The low input of feed in these areas is especially due to low quality and to the insufficient intake of nutrients by the pig. As a result, production and income of farmers are low.

• Spatial Information Research
• /
• v.13 no.1 s.32
• /
• pp.65-78
• /
• 2005

The coast is important area to set up policies in aspects of environmental, international and developing of resources. The researches have been conducted by many different organizations according to their own purposes. So the fundamental researches of Korean coastal area haven't been completed. For that reason, we can't use the datum to apply f3r different cases. In this paper, we studied about our current situations and the need of surveying. For a effective research methods, we suggest dividing research areas into zones and dividing them into smaller zones. And we divide priority of research and ranging of surveying classes by grading them depending on the importance.

• 한국지구물리탐사학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 2003.11a
• /
• pp.335-339
• /
• 2003

The estimation of seawater intrusion into deep aquifers has been becoming an important subject in terms of site characterization for geological disposal of radioactive waste. Conventional direct-current resistivity methods have been used for ground water explorations and recently have been applied to environmental problems. However, electromagnetic methods are more practical and useful for such a deep investigation. We consider audio-frequency magnetotelluric (AMT) and surface-to-borehole electromagnetic (EM) tomography methods as promising tools for the investigation of deep aquifer. These methods were tested in the Hasunuma area, Chiba Prefecture, Japan. Although the study area is in an urban area, high-quality AMT data were acquired, which was mainly accomplished by night-time data recording and remote-reference data processing. One-dimensional inversion results of the AMT data revealed two extremely conductive zones, which is consistent with the electrical conductivity profile of pore water in core samples. It can be interpreted as the seawater intrusions into both zones. However, the chemical analysis of the groundwater sampled in the deep zone suggests that this groundwater must be fossil seawater that had been confined during sedimentation processes. In addition, the permeability coefficient of the deep layer is very low. Thus the deep conductive zone corresponds to the fossil seawater regarded as being difficult to flow.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
• /
• v.12 no.1
• /
• pp.32-43
• /
• 2009

The purpose of this study is to suggest the visual landscape plan for Shinan province with ecological landscape resources, which is comprised of more than 1,000 islands. The plan was done by the order of image plan, landscape structure plan and detained landscape plan. The image of Shinan province was elicited as 'nature', 'complexity' and 'connectivity', by the aspects of planning, cognitive and strategic sides. The landscape zones are planned, such as leisure zone, rural & marine ecological zone and marine tourism zone, and the landscape axes are also set, such as marine axis, ecological axis and circular axis. Especially to conserve the ecological resources, some conservation zones are proposed and design guidelines for each landscape type are also provided, which are not commonly included in the urban landscape plan. Consequently, the landscape plan and ecological environmental plan were complementary to each other. In the detailed landscape plan, more specific plans and design guidelines are suggested for coastal scenery, village and forest scenery, historical and cultural landscape management and promotion. To improve the visual landscape in terms of planning and administrative aspects, the visual landscape plan has become increasingly important for the local governments. The establishment of visual landscape plan may hopefully help to make Shinan province more beautiful and attractive. The landscape plan and ecological environment plan should be integrated, and the further discussion and research are necessary.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry and Cartography
• /
• v.33 no.1
• /
• pp.23-30
• /
• 2015

A shoreline mapping is essential for describing coastal areas, estimating coastal erosions and managing coastal properties. This study has planned to map the 3D shorelines with the airborne LiDAR(Light Detection and Ranging) data and the KOMPSAT-2 imagery, acquired in Uljin, Korea. Following to the study, the DSM(Digital Surface Model) is generated firstly with the given LiDAR data, while the NDWI(Normalized Difference Water Index) imagery is generated by the given KOMPSAT-2 imagery. The classification method is employed to generate water and land clusters from the NDWI imagery, as the 2D shorelines are selected from the boundaries between the two clusters. Lastly, the 3D shorelines are constructed by adding the elevation information obtained from the DSM into the generated 2D shorelines. As a result, the constructed 3D shorelines have had 0.90m horizontal accuracy and 0.10m vertical accuracy. This statistical results could be concluded in that the generated 3D shorelines shows the relatively high accuracy on classified water and land surfaces, but relatively low accuracies on unclassified water and land surfaces.

• Journal of Korean Society of Coastal and Ocean Engineers
• /
• v.4 no.3
• /
• pp.146-155
• /
• 1992

It has been conventional to treat the land boundary as a fixed one in numerical modeling of tidal flows, particularly in the finite element scheme. However conventional models using the fixed land boundary result in unrealistic tidal flows in inter-tidal zones which exist over wide coastal area in Korea. In this study, a 2-dimensional hydrodynamic model, using finite element method for moving boundary problems was developed. The performance of the model was tested in a rectangular channel with an open boundary at one end and a moving boundary at the other end. The model was applied to calculate the tidal currents in Maro Hae, located in the southwestern part of Korea where wide tidal flats develop. The behavior of tidal currents in the Udolmok and near the tidal flats in the study area was satisfactory when compared with the observed data. Variation of tidal currents due to the construction of Kochunam sea-dyke which barrages large area of tidal flat was presented. The results of this study confirm the efficiency of moving boundary treatment in coastal numerical models.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Groundwater Environment
• /
• v.4 no.2
• /
• pp.61-72
• /
• 1997

With increasing activities for groundwater withdrawal and for the construction of underground cavern in the coastal areas, the seaward flow of groundwater has been disturbed or even reversed, resulting in seawater intrusion in aquifers. This phenomenon would be attributed to the freshwater contamination and the corrosion of steel materials. The hydrogeological and geochemical investigations have performed to characterize the seawater intrusion into the underground caverns located in the coastal area. Assumimg the inland aquifer as unconfined one, we have found out that the theoretical interface of freshwater-seawater is far different from the pathways identified. In the study site, the main pathways of seawater intrusion into the underground cavern are characterized as the sub-horizontal fractures (zones). The seawater intrusion in granitic terrane would depend mainly on the characteristics of conductive fracture system developed along the coastal area.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
• /
• 2015.05a
• /
• pp.222-222
• /
• 2015

Vietnam is one of the most vulnarable countries affected by climate change and sea level rise. One of the consequences of climate change and sea level rise is the increase of salinity intrusion into the rivers which is challenging to irrigation systems in coastal areas. This indicates the necessary to study the ability of taking water through sluice gates of irrigation systems in coastal zones, especially in the dry season with the effects of climate change and sea level rise in the future. In this paper, Nam Thai Binh irrigation system is selected as a case study. The irrigation system is one of 22 biggest irrigation systems of the Red River delta in Vietnam located in coastal region. The computed duration is selected in dry season to irrigate for Winter-Spring crops. The irrigation water for the study area is taken from different sluice gates along the Red River and the Tra Ly River. In this paper, MIKE-11 model was applied to assess the ability of taking water for irrigation of the study area in current situation and in the context of climate change and sea level rise senario in 2050 (under the medium emissions scenario (B2) published by the Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment of Vietnam published in 2012) with different condition of water availability. The operation of the gates depends on the water levels and sanility conditions. The sanility and water level at different water intake gates of Nam Thai Binh irrigation system were simulated with different senarios with and without climate change and sea level rise. The result shows that, under climate change and sea water level rise, some gates can take more water but some can not take water because of salinity excess and the total water taking from the different gates along the rivers decrease while the water demand is increase. The study indicates the necessary to study quantitatively some recommended solutions in the study area particularly and in coastal region generally in Vietnam to ensure water demand for irrigation and other purposes in the context of climate change and sea level rise in the future.