• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
• /
• 2018.05a
• /
• pp.230-231
• /
• 2018

Ports and coastal areas that serve as national corridors have threats such as smuggling ships, enemy infiltration ships and pirate ships. To prevent intrusion of intrusive vessels, a system is needed to continuously monitor the coastal area and detect their intrusion. However, it is difficult for surveillance personnel to identify threatened vessels while monitoring large coastal areas. In this paper, we propose a system that can monitor coastal and harbor area and automatically detect ships entering the Navigation Inhibit Area to generate alarms and classify the types of ships by image classification.

• Ocean and Polar Research
• /
• v.21 no.2
• /
• pp.117-126
• /
• 1999

To meet increasing needs for environmentally sustainable management of coastal area, there has been compelling pressure to establish a cost-effective and long-term coastal water quality (CWQ) monitoring system. A remote CWQ monitoring system, STAMP, has been developed and is in operation along the route between Kyema harbor and Anma Island in the southwestern coastal area of Korea. STAMP uses a PCS phone as a telemetry unit to transmit acquired data for monitoring general water quality parameters, and a routinely operating coastal passenger ship or car ferry. STAMP has various merits of low-cost operations; long-term monitoring with secure instrumentation; and stable real-time telemetry of acquired data with-out the loss and noise. It is expected that the system will serve as a very useful tool in the CWQ managing programs of Korea taking the advantage of many coastal passenger ships in various routes including the ships departing from the coastal industrial cities. The acquired data compiled on suspended surface sediment concentrations (SSSC) will be also valuably helpful in understanding the sediment budget across the routes of the vessel.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Navigation
• /
• v.23 no.3
• /
• pp.45-59
• /
• 1999

This paper aims, first to analyse the profitability of coastal passenger ships deployed on both subsidized and non-subsidized routes, ie competitive routes, in Korea, second to evaluate them by route, by ship type, and by ship size, and finally to identify whether the ships deployed on subsidized routes are justifiable to receive subsidy from the government. They are followed by the analyses on the profitability of all ships on the coastal routes and their dependence rate of subsidy. The research covers the period of 1995-1997. The research results say that 35% of the total subsidized routes has more than 90% of subsidy dependence rate and that some monopolized routes among subsidized ones with moderate rate of profitability need to be crossed out from the list of subsidy beneficiary. In addition, some ships deployed are not appropriate type in terms of characteristics of route and traffic. One of implications drawn from this study is that the government has to set up a watchdog to monitor subsidized routes, which enables to make them competitive and save the budget.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
• /
• v.8 no.1
• /
• pp.135-144
• /
• 1999

Air quality modeling about coastal urban region such as Pusan shoud be consider shipping source emmited from ships anchoraging and running. It has been proved at our previous studies that the ratios of air pollutants emission amount in coastal area to inland are 12.2% for NO$_2$ and 11.7% for $SO_2$ and the air qualify of coastal urban area consierably counts on ships. Also the dispersion pattern of the all pollutants followed local circulation system in this region. Therefore this study has been developed air quality model which can describe the formation, transport, transformation and deposition processes of air pollutants considering shipping source. Currently, restriction for emission amount of ships does not exist, so our study will be useful to set the omission standard and for devising air quality policy in coastal urban region.

• Journal of Fisheries and Marine Sciences Education
• /
• v.28 no.2
• /
• pp.539-549
• /
• 2016

This study analyzed ship's passing characteristics in relation with incoming and outgoing routes in Yeosu Gwangyang Port, and examined the risk factors and measures for safety management of marine traffic. The number of passing ships in Yeosu Gwangyang Port was about 60,000 ships annually based on 2014, and the tonnage rose 73% from 447,000 thousand tons in 2005 to 770,000 thousand tons in 2014. Actually, the number of large passing ships was revealed to enormously increase. As a result of marine traffic survey in Yeosu Gwangyang Port for three days in August 2015, daily average passing ships were 408 ships, and 77% of the total passing ships passed between 04:00 and 20:00. The chemical ships and general cargo ships took up the most at 58% of the total incoming and outgoing ships, followed by other work ships at 21%, tankers at 8%, fishing vessels at 7.5% and container ships at 5.5%. Concerning the size of passing ships, ships less than 1,000 tons accounted for 58.6% of the total passing ships. Ships of 1,000-5,000 tons were 20.1%, and those of 5,000-10,000 tons were 6.8%, and more than 10,000 tons were 14.4%. Especially, ships of 500 tons and less using mainly coastal passing routes took up 49% of the total passing ships. As for ship's passage ratio by route, Nakpo sea area where many routes meet accounted for 27.2%, specified area 49%, costal route 8%, specified area's incoming and outgoing sea area around Daedo 4.5%, and Dolsan coastal ara and Kumhodo sea area 8.5%. The number of ships standing by for anchoring in the six designated anchorages was 230 for three days. The standby rate for anchoring was 25% based on the specified area passing ships. In Nakpo sea area, where many routes meet, parallel passing and cross passing between ships occurred the most frequently. In the specified area, many cases, in which incoming and outgoing cargo ships at the starting and ending parts and incoming and outgoing work ships and fishing vessels at the coastal routes cross, took place. Consequently, the following measures are urgently needed: active passing management in the Nakpo sea area, where passing routes are complex, specified areas and costal traffic routes, the elimination of rocks in the route close to Myodo, an effort to improve routes including shallow depth area dredging, and rational safety management for small work ships frequently incoming and outgoing the passing routes of large ships, and fishing vessels operated in the sea areas around those passing routes.

• Journal of Fisheries and Marine Sciences Education
• /
• v.27 no.3
• /
• pp.696-705
• /
• 2015

Approximately 4,000 vessels including sea trial ships per day are passing, entering or departing from Korea coastal waterway. Sea trial ships have erratic navigating patterns such as quick turning, crash stop and do not communicate with other vessels in appropriate time, so sea trial ships are often to expose dangerous situation such as collision in heavy traffic area. To identify the sea trial vessel's risk factors, this paper surveyed marine traffic volumes for 7 days in Korea harbour & coastal waterway, and it analyzed marine accident rate and intended to identify the risk degree of passing vessels. After that, this researched how many sea trial ship's traffic and what is the sea trial risk among sea trial items. We also conducted survey questionnaire and identified risk factors of sea trial ship. So this paper aimed to enhance the safety of korea coastal waterway to prevent sea trial ship's marine accident.

• Journal of Ocean Engineering and Technology
• /
• v.35 no.1
• /
• pp.1-12
• /
• 2021

As increasing the international community's awareness of greenhouse gas reduction, the demand for eco-friendly ship fuel has accelerated recently. The fundamental aim of this study is to develop a new type of fully electrified ferry for passengers and cars considering Korean domestic coastal environmental conditions. Several technical difficulties are encountered in applying a fully electric propulsion system based on removable battery systems into a ship due to limitations imposed by the batteries' size and capacity. This paper reviews and analyzes marine environment regulations strengthened recently, technology trends related to fully electric propulsion vessels in each country, and Korean domestic coastal environments. We propose a new fully electrified car ferry design with a displacement of 400 t applied in Korea. It is powered by removable battery systems pre-charged in a safe inland charging station. The mobile battery system is developed to enable roll-on and roll-off using wheels. The characteristics of the ship motion are analyzed based on the weight and location of the battery systems. We expect our battery systems to be applicable to larger ships in the future.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Navigation
• /
• v.10 no.2
• /
• pp.31-55
• /
• 1986

Generally, the development of shipping is characterized by the amount of traffic flow (traffic volume) and seaborne cargo in the sea. Movement of ships is an essential element of constructing the traffic flow which is represented the dynamic movement of ships in the sea, but on the other band the numbers of arriving and departing the port is the basic factor consisting of the static movement of ships. The amount of cargoes by coastal vessels and ocean trade vessels have increased tremendously with the great growth of the Korean economy these days. This increase of the seaborne cargoes has made the Korean coastal traffic flow so congested that this can be a cause of large pollution as well as great marine casualities such as a loss of human lives and properties . And also the future coastal traffic is expected to increase considerably according to our economic development and high dependence upon foreign trade. Under the circumstance, to devise the safety of coastal traffic flow and to take a proper step of a efficient navigation, there is a necessity for analyzing and surveying the coastal traffic trend and the characteristics of cargo movement. In order to grasp the dynamic movement of ships in the Korean coast, O/D analysis is executed. This paper aims to secure the basic data necessary for a comprehensive plan and estimation of vessel traffic management system for the enhancement of safety, order and efficiency of vessel traffic in the Korean coast. The analyzed results of the traffic flow and seaborne cargoes of the Korean coast are summarized as follows : 1) The congestion by the vessels occurred around the ports such as-in proportion of ship's number (proportion of tonnage) -Incheon 18.5%(14.8%), Pohang 5.9% (9.9%), Samil 5.2%(8.3%), Mokpo 8.6%(0.8%), Pusan 13.5%(36.4%), Ulsan 9.1%(16.2%). 2) It is found that the area adjacent to Incheon, Pusan, Ulsan, Channel of Hanryu and South-western area are heavily congested. 3) It is confirmed thatthe area adjacent to Incheon, Pusan, Ulsan, Channel of Hanryu and South-western area are heavily congested. 3) It is confirmed that the coastal vessels are main elements constituting the coastal traffic and that there are much traffic flow among five ports as following through the precise O/D analysis of ship's coastal movement. Incheon-Samil, Ulsan, Pusan, Jeju Pusan -Samil, Ulsan, Incheon, Jeju Pohang -Samil, Inchoen, Jeju Pohang -Samil, Incheon, Jeju Ulsan -Samil, Incheon, Jeju Samil -Ulsan, Pusan, Incheon 4) The amount of cargoes to abroad are in proportion about 81% of total and the amount of coastal cargoes are about 19%. Of those, cargoes in and out to Japan are about 26% and to South-east Asia are about 27%. 5) The chief items of foreign cargoes are oil(38.33%), iron ore(13.98%), bituminoous coal(12.74%), grain(8.02%), lumber(6.45%) in the import cargoes and steel material(21.96%), cement(17.16%), oil(6.81%), fertilizer(3.80%) in the export cargoes. 6) The 80.5% of total export cargoes and 92.4% of total import cargoes are flowed in five main ports. 7) The chief items of coastal cargoes are oil (42.45%), cement(16.86%), steel material (6.49%), anthracite(6.31%), mineral product(4.3%), grain, and fertilizer. Almost 92.24% of total import and export oil cargoes in Korea is loaded and unloaded at the port of Samil & Ulsan.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Coastal and Ocean Engineers Conference
• /
• 2001.08a
• /
• pp.97-101
• /
• 2001

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Coastal and Ocean Engineers Conference
• /
• 1994.07a
• /
• pp.39-43
• /
• 1994