• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.99-106
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• 1987

가상적인 1,000MWe의 석탄화력발전과 원자력 발전소로부터 배출되는 방사성물질에 의한 피폭 영향을 상호 비교 연구하였다. 본 논문에서는 정상가동중에 배출되는 기체상 방사성물질에 국한하였으며 석탄화력발전소에 대한 방사선원은 국내자료가 부족하여 외국자료에 근거했고, 원자력발전소에 대해서는 표준발전소에 대해 계산된 방사선원을 사용하였다. 고리 기상탑의 1년 기상자료를 이용하여 Gaussian모델에 의해 방사성물질의 대기확산을 평가했으며, 개인 피폭선량은 대기확산인자가 최대인 지점의 성인에 대해 계산하였다. 방사선피폭선량은 석탄화력발전소보다 원자력발전소의 경우가 약간 컸으며 석탄화력의 경우는 원자력발전소와 달리 피폭선량의 73.5%가 오염된 엽채류의 섭취에 따른 것이었다.

• 한국안전학회지
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• 제32권1호
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• pp.27-32
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• 2017

The experimental design methodology was applied in the real scale coal-fired boiler to predict the various combustion properties according to the operating conditions and to assess the coal plant safety. Response surface method (RSM) was introduced as a design of experiment, and the database for RSM was provided with the numerical simulation of the coal-fired boiler. The three independent variables, high heating value of coal (HHV), overall stoichiometry excess air ratio (OST), and burner-side stoichiometry excess air ratio (BST), were set to characterize the cross section averaged NOx concentration and temperature distribution. The maximum NOx concentration was predicted accurately and mainly controlled by BST in the boiler. The parabola function was assumed for the zone averaged peak temperature distribution, and the prediction was in a fairly good agreement with the experiments except downstream. Also, the location of the peak temperature was compared with that of maximum NOx, which implies that thermal NOx formation is the main mechanism in the coal-fired boiler. These results promise the wide use of statistical models for the fast prediction and safety assessment.

• 한국연소학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국연소학회 2014년도 제49회 KOSCO SYMPOSIUM 초록집
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• pp.37-40
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• 2014

Capturing the carbon dioxide emitted from coal-fired power plants will be necessary if targeted reduction in carbon emissions is to be achieved. Modelling and simulation are the base for optimal operation and control in thermal power plant and also play an important role in energy savings. This study aims to analyze the performance of supercritical coal fired power plant through steady and dynamic simulation using a commercial software gCCS. A whole power plant has been modeled and validated with design data of 500 MWe power plant, base and part load operations of the plant were also evaluated, consequently it had been proven that the simulated result had a good agreement with actual operating data. In addition, the effect of co-firng on the plant efficiency and flue gases were investigated using gCCS simulator.

• 플랜트 저널
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.47-51
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• 2018

본 연구에서는 석탄화력발전의 출력 감소가 계통한계가격과 온실가스감축량에 어떻게 영향을 미치는지 분석하였다. 분석방법은 국영 발전회사에서 이용하는 전력거래예측프로그램을 이용하였으며 전력계통의 운영조건은 제7차 전력수급기본계획의 전력수요와 전원구성을 근거로 하였다. 분석결과 전체 석탄화력발전의 최대출력을 29 [%]까지 감소한 경우 계통한계가격은 감소전과 비교하여 12 [%p] 상승하고 온실가스 배출량은 9,966 [kton] 감축되었다. 또한 석탄화력발전기 전체 용량의 30 [%]에 해당하는 저효율 석탄화력발전기 16기를 정지한 경우 계통한계가격은 14 [%p] 까지 증가하였고 온실가스 배출량은 12,574[kton]까지 감축 가능함을 알 수 있었다.

• Asian Journal of Atmospheric Environment
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.80-88
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• 2010

In order to offer a better understanding of air pollution of China as well as East Asia we attempted to characterize the chemical properties of the raw coal materials mined in China and their combusted bottom ashes generated from coal fired power plant. To this end, we measured the chemical characteristics of individual bottom ashes and feed coal fragments collected at a coal fired power generator which was operated with the raw coal dug at a coal mine in China. The chemical properties of these two sample types were determined by a synchrotron radiation X-ray fluorescence (SR-XRF) microprobe method. Through an application of such technique, it was possible to draw the 2D elemental maps in and/or on raw coal fragments and fired bottom ashes. The pulverized fine pieces of feed coal mainly consisted of mineral components such as Fe, Ca, Ti, Ca, and Si, while Fe was detected as overwhelming majority. The elemental mass of combusted bottom ash shows strong enrichment of many elements that exist naturally in coal. There were significant variations in chemical properties of ash-to-ash and fragment-to-fragment. Although we were not able to clearly distinguish As and Pb peaks because of the folding in their X-ray energies, these two elements can be used as tracers of coal fire origin.

• 방사선산업학회지
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.161-172
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• 2023

Coal-fired power plants handle large quantities of coal, one of the most prominent NORM, and the coal ash produced after the coal is burned can be tens of times more radioactive than the coal. Workers in these industries may be exposed to internal exposure by inhalation of particles while handling NORM. This study evaluated the size, concentration, particle shape and density, and radioactivity concentrations of airborne suspended particles in the main processes of a coal-fired power plant. Finally, the internal radiation dose to workers from particle inhalation was evaluated. For this purpose, airborne particles were collected by size using a multi-stage particle collector to determine the size, shape, and concentration of particles. Samples of coal and coal ash were collected to measure the density and radioactivity of particles. The dose conversion factor and annual radionuclide inhalation amount were derived based on the characteristics of the particles. Finally, the internal radiation dose due to particle inhalation was evaluated. Overall, the internal radiation dose to workers in the main processes of coalfired power plants A and B ranged from 1.47×10^-5~1.12×10^-3 mSv y^-1. Due to the effect of dust generated during loading operations, the internal radiation dose of fly ash loading processes in both coal-fired power plants A and B was higher than that of other processes. In the case of workers in the coal storage yard at power plants A and B, the characteristic values such as particle size, airborne concentration, and working time were the same, but due to the difference in radioactivity concentration and density depending on the origin of the coal, the internal radiation dose by origin was different, and the highest was found when inhaling coal imported from Australia among the five origins. In addition, the main nuclide contributing the most to the internal radiation dose from the main processes in the coal-fired power plants was thorium due to differences in dose conversion factors. However, considering the external radiation dose of workers in coal-fired power plants presented in overseas research cases, the annual effective dose of workers in the main processes of power plants A and B does not exceed 1mSv y^-1, which is the dose limit for the general public notified by the Nuclear Safety Act. The results of this study can be utilized to identify the internal exposure levels of workers in domestic coal-fired power plants and will contribute to the establishment of a data base for a differential safety management system for NORM-handling industries in the future.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• 제9권5호
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• pp.475-486
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• 2022

The purpose of this paper is to examine the use of material flow cost accounting (MFCA) in Vietnam's coal-fired thermal power plants. This study is based on the contingency and system theories to explain the application of management tools and analyze steps of input, output, and process in manufacturing. Costs in producing process-based MFCA include material cost, energy cost, system cost, and waste management cost. The exploratory case study methodology is used to describe and answer two questions, namely "How coal flow cost is recognized?" and "Why waste in material consumption can be harmful to the environment?". By analyzing the Quang Ninh and Pha Lai coal-fired thermal power plants that are the typical plants, this paper identifies the flow of primary material in these plants as a basis for determining losses for the business. The material flow of coal-fired thermal power plants provides the basis for the use of the MFCA. The manufacturing of electrical items in these plants is divided into four stages, each with its own set of losses. As a result, some phases in the application of MFCA are suggested, as well as some other elements required for MFCA application in coal-fired thermal power plants.

• 한국기후변화학회지
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.197-207
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• 2018

The Korean government views coal-fired power plants as the key cause of the fine dust generation, and is developing an energy policy to replace and demolish old coal-fired power plants. According to the Eighth Power Supply Base Plan (2017-2031), the maximum power capacity in 2030 is expected to be 100.5GW, which is 17.9% higher than the current level (85.2GW). The plan aims to reduce the facility size and power generation ratio from nuclear and coal resources to even lower levels than today, and to rapidly expand power generation from new and renewable energy. Despite that, the proportion of coal power generation is still much higher than other resources, and it is expected that the reliance on goal will maintain for next several decades. Under such circumstances, the development, supply, and expansion of clean coal technology (CCT) that is eco-friendly and highly efficient, is crucial to minimize the emission of pollutants such as carbon dioxide and fine dust, as well as maximize the energy efficiency. The Korean government designated the Yong-Dong Thermoelectric Power Plant in Gangneung to develop clean coal power generation, and executed related projects for three years. The current study aims to suggest a plan to develop parts, technologies, testing, evaluation, certification, and commercialization efforts for coal-fired power generation, In addition, the study proposes a strategy to vitalize local economy and connect the development with creation of more jobs.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제26권12호
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• pp.1333-1339
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• 2017

Coal-fired power plants emit various Particulate Matter(PM) at coal storage pile and ash landfill as well as the stack, and affect the surrounding environment. Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy and Energy Dispersive X-ray analyzer(FE-SEM/EDX) were used to develop identification factor and the physico-chemical analysis of PM emitted from a power plant. In this study, three samples of pulverized coal, bottom ash, and fly ash were analyzed. The pulverized coal was spherical particles in shape and the chemical composition of C-O-Si-Al and C/Si and C/Al ratios were 200~300 on average. The bottom ash was spherical or non-spherical particles in shape, chemical composition was O-C-Si-Al-Fe-Ca and C/Si and C/Al ratios were $4.3{\pm}4.6$ and $8.8{\pm}10.0$. The fly ash was spherical particles in shape, chemical composition was O-Si-Ai-C-Fe-Ca and C/Si and C/Al ratios were $0.5{\pm}0.2$ and $0.8{\pm}0.5$.

• 조명전기설비학회논문지
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.65-73
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• 2004

석탄화력발전소의 보일러계통은 구성기기 사이에 수많은 상호관계를 갖는 대규모, 비선형 계통이다. 이러한 복잡한 계통의 해석에서 동특성 모의는 대규모 상호관계를 지속적으로 추적하는 강력한 방법으로 인식되고 있다. 보일러계통은 공기/가스 시스템과 물/증기 시스템으로 구성된다. 보일러의 오염물질 배출에 관한 최근 환경규제의 강화와 보일러의 물성치에 대한 설게 검증 요건 때문에 상업용 프로그램이 보일러 계통의 해석에 사용된다. 이 논문에서는 모의 도구로써 EPRI(미국전기연구소)에서 개발한 MMS를 사용하여 모델개발을 논의하였다. MMS에서 사용하여 개발된 모델은 한국표준석탄화력발전소의 보일러 연소계통에 대한 설계 및 현장데이터를 시험하였다. 개발된 모델은 정상상태 및 천이상태 조건에서 ${\pm}$5% 이내로 연소계통이 잘 응답하는 것으로 결과에서 보여준다. 이 논문에서 연소계통의 해석에 대한 개발된 모델은 일반적일고, 어떤 형식의 석탄호력발전소에도 적용이 가능하다.