• KOREAN JOURNAL OF PACKAGING SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.71-76
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• 2020

CO₂ concentration in kimchi package has emerged recently as a potential index of product ripening to be monitored or sensed in intelligent packaging. Considering that addition of CO₂ absorber into the flexible kimchi package changes behavior of its CO₂ concentration, ripening of kimchi in total acidity, package CO₂ concentration in partial pressure (P_CO2) and package volume at 10℃ were estimated by mathematical model for two size packages included with different CO₂ absorbers. In small size package containing 0.5 kg of kimchi, relatively less gas permeable low density polyethylene (LDPE) sachet of the absorber was found to give rise of P_CO2 linearly correlated with acidity at acceptable conditions of absorber amount and size. The levels of P_CO2 at optimum ripening were different with absorber amount. However, highly gas permeable microporous spunbonded film (Tyvek) sachet did not show the linear relationship except a condition of 1.5 g of CO₂ absorbent. In large size package containing 2.0 kg, absorber sachets of LDPE and Tyvek could give the linear relationship between product acidity and package P_CO2 but at different levels (P_CO2 of package with LDPE sachet: 0.46~0.79 bar, P_CO2 of package with Tyvek sachet: 0.00~0.75 bar). The P_CO2 at optimal ripening was found to be less variable with LDPE sachets than with Tyvek ones. Use of package CO₂ concentration as an indicator of kimchi ripening was shown to be possible on the limited conditions where the linear relationship between them is established or confirmed.

• Journal of Dairy Science and Biotechnology
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.154-160
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• 1998

The purpose of consumer sensory tests is to assess the personal response by current or potential customers of a product or specific product characteristics. There are several sources of bias in obtaining consumer response than often lead to misleading results. These biases include the situational variables of the testing environment, the products and the subjects. This paper discusses the sources of bias in consumer testing, need to be controlled when conducting consumer test.

• Transactions of Materials Processing
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.206-210
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• 2014

The metal lead frame, a semiconductor component, has product tolerances in micro units as compared to products made with a larger size mold. Therefore, small deflections of the mold and of the press as well as the press molding process itself have a strong influence on accuracy of the product. Hence, it is necessary for the process design to consider the structural response of the mold and the press during deformation. In the current study, the mold deflection and pressure on the punch is examined using the finite element modeling (FEM) program ABAQUS. The results from the simulation were verified with the dynamic deformation measurement equipment using digital image correlation (DIC).

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.243-251
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• 2004

This study was interested in examining the image of a co-brand with the case of＇CHIMERIC＇, the co-brand of Daegu city in Korea. The purpose of the study was to investigate the difference in brand image by brand knowledge and the effects of brand image on brand preference, brand purchase, and brand satisfaction. A total of 354 questionnaires collected from the region(Daegu)＇s residents, who were aware of CHIMERIC, were analyzed. Factor analysis extracted 6 factors of brand image including symbolic image, product, ad, price, distribution, and publicity. The results revealed that there were differences in product and publicity images by brand knowledge. Symbolic and publicity images and brand knowledge affected brand preference, which in turn had the strongest effect on brand purchase. Brand knowledge also affected brand purchase while no direct effect of brand image was observed. Brand satisfaction was affected by brand preference, publicity, and ad image.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Combustion
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.1-9
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• 2009

New way to effectively capture $CO_2$ in coal fired power plant is the combustion of coal using oxy-fuel technology. Combustion characteristics of Minco sub-bituminous coal at oxy-fuel conditions using TGA and drop tube furnace (DTF) were included activation energy about the char burnout, volatile yield and combustion efficiency of raw coal, the porosity of pyrolyzed char and fusion temperature of by-product ash. TGA result shows that the effect of $CO_2$ on combustion kinetics reduces activation energy by approximately 7 kJ/mol at air oxygen level(21% $O_2$) and decreases the burning time by approximately 16%. The results from DTF indicated similar combustion efficiency under $O_2/CO_2$ and $O_2/N_2$ atmospheres for equivalent $O_2$ concentration whereas high combustion efficiency under $O_2/N_2$ than $O_2/CO_2$ was obtained for high temperature of more than $1,100^{\circ}C$. Overall coal burning rate under $O_2/CO_2$ is decreased due to the lower rate of oxygen diffusion into coal surface through the $CO_2$ rich boundary layer. By-product ash produced under $O_2/CO_2$ and $O_2/N_2$ was similar IDT in irrelevant to $O_2$ concentration and atmospheres gas during the coal combustion.

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.19 no.5
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• pp.61-68
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• 2021

Purpose: Retailing is one of the fastest-growing sectors in Vietnam. In the sight of foreign investors, the Vietnamese retailing market is very prospective. However, the current competition is very intensive, and retailers are keen on gaining new customers. Hence, Vietnamese retailers have paid more attention to customer loyalty. Saigon Co.op is one of the largest retailers in Vietnam, but its consumers have more choices over a retailer. As a result, Saigon Co.op has realized the significance of customer loyalty. This study aims to determine the factors impacting customer loyalty of Saigon Co.op supermarket in Vietnam. Research design, data and methodology: this study applied the multiple regression analysis with 250 samples collected from Saigon Co.op customers. The questionnaire is provided to respondents via Google Form, and the link is sent to the fan page of Co.op mart on Facebook. Two hundred eighty-seven samples were collected, but 37 samples were removed due to missing values. Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) and regression analysis are used for data analysis on SPSS software version 20. Results: The findings show all four determinants of Saigon Co.op's customer loyalty, including Product Quality, Brand Image, Price Strategy and Service Quality. Conclusions: managerial recommendations are provided for supermarkets to improve their customer loyalty in Vietnam and other emerging markets. Limitations and suggestions for further research are also discussed.

• Proceedings of the Korean Magnestics Society Conference
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• 2015.11a
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• pp.20-20
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• 2015

• New & Renewable Energy
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• v.2 no.2 s.6
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• pp.118-125
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• 2006

The target of this work was the process development of demonstration plant to produce the high quality alternative fuel oil by the pyrolysis of mixed plastic waste. In the first step of research, the bench-scale units of 70 t/y and the pilot plant of 360 t/y had been developed. Main research contents in this step were the process performance test of pilot plant of 360 ton/year and the development of demonstration plant of 3,000 t/y, which was constructed at Korea R & D Company in Kimjae City. The process performance of pilot plant of 360 t/y showed about 80% yield of liquid product, which was obtained by both light gas oil(LGO) and heavy gas oil(HGO), The boiling point range distribution of LO product that was mainly consisting of olefin components in PONA group appeared at between that of commercial gasoline and kerosene. On the other hand, HO product was mainly paraffin and olefin components and also appeared at upper temperature distribution range than commercial diesel. Gas product showed a high fraction of $C_3\;and\;C_4$ product like LPG composition, but also a high fraction of $CO_2$ and CO by probably a little leak of process.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.26-30
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• 2007

Phosphorous acid is known to effectively control various Oomycetes diseases. The phosphoric acid moves upward and downward through the xylem and phloem in plants. The sustainable forms of the slow releasing chemical in rhizosphere would be ideal to be up-taken by plants. Therefore, we developed a new system for phosphorous acid formulation using a carrier coated with polysaccharides. When the product was applied in rhizosphere, the adequate amount of phosphorous acid was consistently released up to 4 weeks in rhizosphere soils. While soil drenching with phosphorous acid at 1,000 ${\mu}g/ml$ and metalaxyl at 150 ${\mu}g/ml$ were not effective to control pepper Phytophthora blight for 4 weeks, direct application of our formulation product around basal stem of pepper plants resulted in excellent disease control effect against Phytophthora blight over 4 weeks. The application of 4 g of our product per plant was optimum to control the disease, and 8 g product/plant did not cause phytotoxicity. Based on the results, we conclude that the applications of the formulation product once or twice during cropping season can control Phytophthora diseases on various crops.

• 축산식품과학과 산업
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.63-70
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• 2023