• 대한본초학회지
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• 제39권2호
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• pp.11-18
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• 2024

Objectives : High blood pressure (also called Hypertension), which is the blood pressure that is higher than normal, is a chronic disease and causes various complications. Historically, Traditional Herbal Prescriptions (THP) have treated many diseases. However, there are not many studies on the treatment of hypertension with THP, very few studies have investigated the interactions between the co-administration of synthetic anti-hypertensives and THP. Therefore, the objective of the present study was to investigate the vasorelaxant activities of 10 THP in rat thoracic aortas pre-contracted with potassium chloride (KCl). Methods : An electric extractor was used to extract THP in distilled water for 2h. Rat thoracic aortas were isolated and pre-contracted using KCl in organ chambers containing 10 ml Krebs Henseleit (KH) buffer. THP extracts were added in increasing concentrations (10-1000 ㎍/mL) to investigate vasorelaxant activities. The vasorelaxant activities induced by THP were expressed as a percentage in response to contraction generated by KCl. Results : Among the 10 THP, Dangguisu-san, Mahwang-tang, Bulwhangeumjeonggi-san, Jakyakgamcho-tang, and Hyangsapyeongwi-san showed significant vasorelaxant activities. Maekmundong-tang, Bojungikgi-tang, Samryeongbaekchul-san, Yukmijihwang-tang, and Insampaedok-san showed no significant effect. Also, in co-administration with amlodipine, Mahwang-tang showed higher vasorelaxant activities than amlodipine alone, and Hyangsapyeongwi-san showed greater vasorelaxant activities at low concentrations but inhibited amlodipine's vasorelaxant activities at high concentrations. Conclusion : The results of these experiments are expected to provide useful data to establish guidelines for THPs and co-administration with western antihypertensive drugs to treat hypertension.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.382-395
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• 1992

GABA는 중추신경계의 대표적인 신경전달 물질로서 $GABA_A$수용체 또는 $GABA_B$수용체에 작용하여 진정 작용, 항 불안 작용, 및 근이완 작용을 하는 것으로 알려져 있다. 근래에는 말초조직에도 GABA가 존재하며 신경조정인자 혹은 신경전달인자로서 작용한다는 보고가 있다. 정관에 대한 자율신경 지배는 아드레날린성, 콜린성과 비콜린성 비아드레날린성 신경섬유들이 분포하고 있으나, 종 혹은 부위에 따라 이들 구성요소들의 수축성에 대한기여도가 다른 것으로 알려져 있다. 본 실험에서는 흰쥐의 전립선 부위 정관의 기본장력 및 전기장 유발 수축에 대한 교감 신경성, 부교감 신경성 및 퓨린성 효현제의 영향을 관찰하였으며, 정관의 흥분성 약물 및 전기장 유발 수축에 미치는 GABA 및 GABA 관련 약물의 영향을 관찰함으로서 정관의 수축운동에 대한 GABA의 작용기전을 규명해 보고자 흰쥐(Sprague-Dawley)의 전립선 부위 정관 절편을 적출 근편 실조에 현수하고, 등척성 장력을 측정하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1. GABA, muscimol 및 baclofen은 전기장자극(0.2 Hz, 1 msec, 80 V) 유발 수축을 농도 의존적으로 억제하였으며 그 효력은 GABA, baclofen 그리고 muscimol 순이었다. 2. GABA의 억제작용은 $GABA_B$ 수용체 길항제인 DAVA에 의하여 길항되었으나, $GABA_A$ 수용체 길항제인 bicuculline에 의해서는 길항되지 않았다. 3. Baclofen의 억제작용은 DAVA에 의하여 길항되었으나 muscimol의 억제작용은 bicuculline에 의해서는 길항되지 않았다. 4. Norepinephrine과 ATP는 농도 의존적으로 정관의 수축력을 증가 시켰으나 acetylcholine은 영향을 미치지 못하였다. 5. GABA, baclofen 및 muscimol은 정관의 기본 장력에는 영향을 미치지 않았으며, GABA는 norepinephrine과 ATP 유발 수축에는 영향을 주지 못하였다. 6. 적출 정관을 20초간 전기장 자극을 가하였을 때 ATP 수용체 탈감작제인 mATP를 전처치한 경우에는 FPC가 감소되었고, 신경원에서 catecholamine을 고갈시키는 reserpine을 전처치한 경우에는 STC가 감소되었다. 7. GABA는 mATP를 전처치한 군에서는 정관의 전기장 유발 수축에 영향을 주지 못하였으나, reserpine을 전처치한 군에서는 전기장 유발 수축을 억제하였다. 이상의 결과로 보아 흰쥐정관의 전립선 부위에는 아드레날린성 신경전달기전과 퓨린성 신경전달기전이 동시에 작용하고 있으며, GABA는 주로 신경원의 $GABA_B$ 수용체를 통하여 ATP의 유리를 억제하는 것으로 사료된다.

• 센서학회지
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.133-142
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• 2008

Respiration is induced by muscular contraction of the chest and abdomen, resulting in the abdominal volume change. Thus, continuous measurement of the abdominal dimension enables to monitor breathing activity. Conductive rubber cord has been previously introduced and tested to develop wearable application for respiratory measurements. The present study implemented wireless wearable respiratory monitoring system with the conductive rubber cord in the patient's pants. Signal extraction circuitry was developed to obtain the abdominal circumference changes reflecting the lung volume variation caused by respiratory activity. Wireless transmission was followed based on the zigbee communication protocol in a size of 65mm${\times}$105mm easily put in pocket. Successful wireless monitoring of respiration was performed in that breathing frequency was accurately estimated as well as different breathing patterns were easily recognized from the abdominal signal. $CO_2$ inhalation experiment was additionally performed in purpose of quantitative estimation of tidal volume. Air mixed with $0{\sim}5%\;CO_2$was inhaled by 4 normal males and the respiratory air flow rate, abdominal dimension change, and end tidal $CO_2$ concentration were simultaneously measured in steady state. $CO_2$ inhalation increased the tidal volume in normal physiological state with a correlation coefficient of 0.90 between the tidal volume and the end tidal $CO_2$ concentration. The tidal volume estimated from the abdominal signal linearly correlated with the accurate tidal volume measured by pneumotachometer with a correlation coefficient of 0.88 with mean relative error of approximately 8%. Therefore, the tidal volume was accurately estimated by measuring the abdominal dimension change.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.186-191
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• 2009

In the study on the waveform analysis of radial artery pulse diagnosis, we need to establish fundaments of contemporary pulse diagnosis research. As we will to do experimental research on the difference of pulse waveform on the radial artery with applied variations of pressure(5 stage-pressure) and measuring position(CHON, KWAN, CHEOG). First of all, in this research, we did the experiment of the study on the waveform analysis of radial artery(left KWAN) pulse dignosis by using 3 dimension pulse meter and analyzer (3D MAC). As a result. we extracted the seven measurement fluents : energy(E), size of cycle(h1), size of reflection cycle(h2), time of reflection cycle(t2), time of contraction (t4), width of cycle(w), area of waveform(A) by the statistically reasonable differences. We expect that the seven measurement fluents contribute to divide the situation through the results of waveform analysis of radial artery.

• Geomechanics and Engineering
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.237-244
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• 2020

To achieve a wide suction range, the low suction was imposed on compacted silt specimens by the axis translation technique and the high suction was imposed by the vapor equilibrium technique with saturated salt solutions. Firstly, the results of soil water retention tests on compacted silt show that the soil water retention curves in terms of gravimetric water content versus suction relation are independent of the dry density or void ratio in a high suction range. Therefore, triaxial tests on compacted silt with constant water content at high suctions can be considered as that with constant suction. Secondly, the results of triaxial shear tests on unsaturated compacted silt with the initial void ratio of about 0.75 show a strain-hardening behavior with a slightly shear contraction and then strain-softening behavior with an obviously dilation. As the imposed suction increases, the shear strength increases up to a peak value and then decreases when the suction is beyond a special value corresponding to the peak shear strength. The residual strength increases to fair value and those at high suctions are almost independent of imposed suctions. In addition, the contribution of suction to the strength of compacted silt would not diminish even in a high suction range.

• 대한물리의학회지
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• 제5권3호
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• pp.375-383
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• 2010

Purpose : The purpose of this study was to investigate a modified maneuver for quadriceps setting exercise for patients with knee osteoarthritis. Methods : The patients were randomly divided into a modified maneuver for quadriceps setting exercise group(MQG) and conventional quadriceps setting exercise group(CQG). Total of 28 patients received a modality with training for 1 hour, three times a week for 12 weeks. Results : Each group showed significant reductions in the WOMAC(Western Ontario McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis) Index, mobility, and muscle strength after 12 weeks. In pain, physical function, and hamstring muscle strength, there was a statistically significant difference between groups. Conclusion : According to the results, MQG experienced less pain, physical function, and increased more hamstring muscle strength than NQG.

• 대한물리치료과학회지
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.63-71
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• 2012

Purpose : This study aimed to acquire a basic knowledge about lumbar stability and inquire into exercise approach of pressure biofeedback unit for lumbar stability. Methods : This study was composed with reviewed theory of lumbar stability and several books and articles for exercise using pressure biofeedback unit. Results : The stability of lumbar should work symmetrical with passive, active, control subsystem in neutral zone, and local muscles should be using for stability. Especially, selective using of transverse abdominis work for lumbar stability importantly. The control of using pressure biofeedback unit may important not only examination but treatment. Conclusion : The stability of lumbar need co-contraction of specific local muscle and training for timing as well as using pressure biofeedback unit for accurate control may use for examination and therapedic approach.

• Macromolecular Research
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.115-121
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• 2002

Synthesis of polymers with controlled thermosensitive properties was carried out by conventional radical copolymerization of N-isopropylacrylamide (NIPAAm) with N-vinylpyrrolidone (NVP) taken as a hydrophilic comonomer. Lower activity of NVP rather than NIPAAm was revealed by gravimetric and $^1$H NMR analysis. Thermosensitive properties of the copolymers were investigated. It was found that aqueous solutions of the copolymers undergo thermo-induced phase transition and become opaque, precipitate or gel with heating. After formation of the gels their significant contraction was observed at storage. Swelling degree and amount of expelled water were measured in dependence on the copolymer composition, temperature and ionic strength of environment medium and concentration of the solution. It was determined that in collapsed state gels exhibit quite high water content. According to physico-chemical properties of the copolymers observed they could be suitable for biomedical application as an injectable implant material.

• The Korean Journal of Ceramics
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.78-82
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• 2000

Although alumina aggregates have been used as refractory aggregates due to the improved mechanical properties of refractories as a result of the low contraction of alumina aggregates, the aggregates have a difficulty in fabrication due to its low sinterability. Two types of alumina aggregates and a fused alumina aggregate containing transient liquid forming additives are prepared to investigate the sintering characteristics of aggregates. $Al_2O_3$rich composition in the $Al_2O_3$-MgO-$SiO_2$(-$TiO_2$) system is chosen for the transient liquid phase sintering and the final recrystallized bonding phase between grains inside the fused alumina aggregates is found to be a needle-like mullite phase. The flexural strength of alumina bars, reaction-bonded using the paste having a composition of $Al_2O_3$-MgO-$SiO_2$-$TiO_2$, is about 78 MPa, which is one half value of that of pure alumina.

• 대한한방내과학회지
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.143-155
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• 1992

The following results were obtained from the observation on the change of plasma cortisol concentration in the experiment of intravenous administration of Haengsoyeum Water Extract in the rabbit. And the effects of Haengsoyeum extract on the contractile force of the isolated guinea pig trachea smooth muscle. 1. In intravenous administration the plasma cortisol concentration increased significantly about 1 hours after with a does of 0.2 ml/kg. 2. In intravenous administration the plasma cortisol concentration increased significantly about from 1 to 3 hours after with a does of 0.4 ml/kg. 3. The contractile response of the trachea smooth muscle of isolated guinea pig to histamine $10^{-4}\;M$ was significantly inhibited by Haengsoyeum extract. 4. The contractile response of the trachea smooth muscle of isolated guinea pig to acetylcholine $10^{-4}\;M$ was considerably inhibited by Haengsoyeum extract. 5. The contractile response of the trachea smooth muscle of isolated guinea pig to 5-hydroxytryptamine $10^{-4}\;M$ was inhibited by Haengsoyeum extract.