• 식물분류학회지
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• 제49권1호
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• pp.13-27
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• 2019

Numerical taxonomy is employed to determine the phenetic proximity of the Egyptian taxa belonging to the genus Ononis L. A classical clustering analysis and a principal component analysis (PCA) were used to separate 57 macro- and micromorphological characters in order to circumscribe 11 taxa of Ononis. A clustering analysis using the unweighted pair-group method with the arithmetic means (UPGMA) method gives the highest co-phenetic correlation. Results from clustering and PCA revealed the segregation of five groups. Our results are in line, to some certain degree, with the traditional sub-sectional concept, as can be seen in the grouping of the representative members of the subsections Diffusae and Mittisimae together and the representative members of the subsections Viscosae and Natrix. The phenetic uniqueness of Ononis variegata and O. reclinata subsp. mollis was formally established. However, our findings contradict the classic sectional concept; this opinion was suggested earlier in previous phylogenetic circumscriptions of the genus. The most useful characters that provide taxonomic clarity were discussed.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• 제23권8호
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• pp.121-136
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• 2023

Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) have many potential applications and unique challenges. Some problems of WSNs are: severe resources' constraints, low reliability and fault tolerant, low throughput, low scalability, low Quality of Service (QoS) and insecure operational environments. One significant solution against mentioned problems is hierarchical and clustering-based multipath routing. But, existent algorithms have many weaknesses such as: high overhead, security vulnerabilities, address-centric, low-scalability, permanent usage of optimal paths and severe resources' consumption. As a result, this paper is proposed an energy-aware, congestion-aware, location-based, data-centric, scalable, hierarchical and clustering-based multipath routing algorithm based on Numerical Taxonomy technique for homogenous WSNs. Finally, performance of the proposed algorithm has been compared with performance of LEACH routing algorithm; results of simulations and statistical-mathematical analysis are showing the proposed algorithm has been improved in terms of parameters like balanced resources' consumption such as energy and bandwidth, throughput, reliability and fault tolerant, accuracy, QoS such as average rate of packet delivery and WSNs' lifetime.

• 한국정보시스템학회지:정보시스템연구
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• 제19권4호
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• pp.167-181
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• 2010

Although This study was designed to evaluate internet communities based on knowledge creation and learning. To do so, we created and tested our research model, by using selected 20 different knowledge communities. Using the K-Means Clustering techniques, we found different characteristics and evaluated these characteristics by the criterion. The results of discriminant analysis suggested 4 different models such as 'Search Engine,' 'Open Communities,' 'Specialty Communities,' and 'Activity Communities.' The results of this study indicated that it can cover some reasons for development process of knowledge communities and that it can also create a strategic framework for practical use of knowledge communities.

• 식물분류학회지
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• 제48권3호
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• pp.153-162
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• 2018

Lespedeza maximowiczii C. K. Schneid. (Fabaceae) is a deciduous shrub which is known to be distributed in the temperate forests of China, Korea and on Tsushima Island of Japan. Due to severe morphological variations within species, numerous examinations have been conducted for Korean L. maximowiczii. However, the morphology of Chinese plants has not been studied as thoroughly, despite doubts about their taxonomy. To clarify this taxonomic issue, we investigated morphological characters and undertook a Bayesian clustering analysis with microsatellite markers. The morphological and genetic traits of Chinese individuals varied considerably from those of typical L. maximowiczii growing in Korea. For example, petals of the former had a different shape and bore long claws, while the calyx lobes were diverged above the middle and the upper surface of the leaflet was pubescent. Their terete buds and spirally arranged bud scales were distinct from those within the series/section Heterolespedeza, which includes L. maximowiczii. Our Bayesian clustering analysis additionally included L. buergeri as an outgroup. Those results indicated that the Chinese samples clustered into a lineage separated from L. maximowiczii (optimum cluster, K = 2), despite the fact that the latter is grouped into the same lineage with L. buergeri. Therefore, we treat those Chinese plants as a new species with the name L. pseudomaximowiczii.

• 한국컴퓨터산업학회논문지
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• 제4권4호
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• pp.479-490
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• 2003

컴포넌트 기반 소프트웨어개발 (CBD: Component Based Development)은 재사용 부품을 기반하여 소프트웨어 개발, 수정, 유지보수를 용이하게 지원한다. 따라서 컴포넌트는 강한 응집력과 양한 결합력으로 개발되어야 한다. 본 논문에서는use case와 클래스를 간에 유사성을 통한 클러스터링 분석에 기반 하여 컴포넌트 식별에 대해 연구한다. 컴포넌트 참조 모델과 프레임워크를 제시하여 사례를 통해 검증한다. 컴포넌트 식별 방법은 추출, 명세 및 아키？쳐를 지원한다. 이들 방법론은 기존의 객체지향 방법론을 참조하며 분석에서 구현까지의 추적성을 지원하며 재사용 컴포넌트의 모듈성 지원을 위해 강한 응집력과 약한 결합력을 반영한다.

• ALGAE
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.65-70
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• 2010

The genus Chaetoceros provides highly diversified diatoms in marine systems. Morphological descriptions of the genus are well-documented, yet the DNA taxonomy of Chaetoceros has not been satisfactorily established. Here, the molecular divergences of the 18S-28S rDNA of Chaetoceros were assessed. DNA similarities were relatively low in both 18S (93.1 $\pm$ 3.9%) and 28S rDNA (81.0 $\pm$ 4.6%). Phylogenies of the 18S, 28S rDNAs showed that Chaetoceros was divided according to individual species, clustering the same species into single clades. Statistical analysis with corrected genetic (p-) distance scores showed that nucleotide divergence of Chaetoceros 28S rDNA significantly differed from that of 18S rDNA (Student's t-test, p < 0.05). This finding suggests that the 28S rDNA may be treated as a more suitable marker for species-level taxonomic distinctions of Chaetoceros.

• Journal of Microbiology
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• 제40권2호
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• pp.109-118
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• 2002

The present work is aimed at providing additional new pure cultures of oxalate utilizing bacteria and its preliminary characterization for further work in the field of oxalate-metabolism and taxonomic studies. The taxonomy of 14 mesophilic, aerobic oxalotrophic bacteria isolated by an enrichment culture technique from soils rhizosphers, and the juice of the petiole/stem tissue of plants was investigated. Isolates were characterized with 95 morphological, biochemical and physiological tests. Cellular lipid components and carotenoids of isolates were also studied as an aid to taxonomic characterization. All isolates were Gram-negative, oxidase and catalase positive and no growth factors were required. In addition to oxalates, some of the strains grow on methanol and/or formate. The taxonomic similarities among isolates, reference strains or previously reported oxalotrophic bacteria were analysed by using the Simple Matching (S/ sub SM/) and Jaccard (S$\_$J/) Coefficients. Clustering was performed by using the unweighted pair group method with arithmetic averages (UPGMA) algorithm. The oxalotrophic strains formed five major and two single-member clusters at the 70-86% similarity level. Based on the numerical taxonomy, isolates were separated into three phenotypic groups. Pink-pigmented strains belonged to Methylobacterium extorquens, yellow-pigmented strains were most similar to Pseudomonas sp. YOx and Xanthobacter autorophicus, and heterogeneous non-pigmented strains were closely related to genera Azospirillum, Ancylobacter, Burkholderia and Pseudomonas. New strains belonged to the genera Pseudomonas, Azospirillum and Ancylobacter that differ taxonomically from other known oxalate oxidizers were obtained. Numerical analysis indicated that some strains of the yellow-pigmented and nonpigmented clusters might represent new species.

• 기술경영경제학회:학술대회논문집
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• 기술경영경제학회 1998년도 제13회 하계학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.208-215
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• 1998

Since the advent of conceptual prototype and seminal application, the notion of national systems of innovation(NSI) has drawn an increasing recognition. Although the morphological entanglement is still ubiquitous and the theoretical underpinning is fragile, NSI seems to be the last step toward an increasingly complex and encompassing concept of innovation research. Inevitably, NSI necessitates the comparative analysis in that it normatively attempts to draw best practices. Unfortunately, national profiles are too complex and diverse to derive a unified, concrete representation of the system, posing the problem of defining and modelling NSI for international comparison. This paper aims at providing an inductive taxonomy of NSI based on R&D structure of OECD member economies. Based on the similarity among national profiles, clustering method was applied to identify seven clusters such as (1) enterprise-government funding and enterprise-education performing group, (2) enterprise-government funding and balanced performing group, (3) balanced funding and enterprise-education performing group, (4) balanced funding and performing group, (5) enterprise-dominating group, (6) government-education dominating group and (7) government-education funding and education performing group. This paper by nature is descriptive and exploratory. R&D structure represents a static snapshot of innovative performance since it accounts for only the input side of NSI and thus may not offer convincing explanations of the holistic innovation system. A more detailed and extensive analysis on the economic/technological performance across clusters will shed light on the promising avenue to future research.

• 한국전자거래학회지
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.15-40
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• 2020

모바일 애플리케이션 서비스 시장의 폭발적으로 성장함에 따라 애플리케이션 서비스를 고객과 개발자 관점에서 분류하는 것이 필요한 실정이다. 그러나 모바일 애플리케이션 서비스의 체계적 분류에 관한 연구는 제한적이다. 이에 본 연구에서는 네트워크 모듈성 분석을 통하여 모바일 애플리케이션 서비스의 분류하고 하위 카테고리를 제안하고자 한다. 구글플레이(GooglePlay)를 통해 총 1,607개의 헬스케어 관련 애플리케이션 서비스를 수집한 후 각 애플리케이션 서비스의 설명(description) 텍스트를 활용하여 유사도를 측정하고 이를 바탕으로 네트워크 분석을 수행하였다. 모듈성 분석을 수행하여 전체 네트워크의 커뮤니티를 탐지한 후, 각 클러스터를 기반으로 서비스 분류법을 도출한다. 이번 연구는 모바일 애플리케이션 서비스를 체계적으로 탐색하고자 하는 고객과 모바일 애플리케이션 서비스의 트렌드를 분석하고자 하는 개발자 모두에게 도움이 되는 서비스 분류에 대한 체계적인 접근방식이 될 것으로 기대된다.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• 제29권1호
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• pp.55-66
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• 1991

Heterophyidae과에 속하는 Matagenimus yokegawai, Metagonimus Miyata Type, M. takahashii, Heterophyes disbar, H. heterophyes, H. nocens, Heterophyepsis continua, Pygidiopsis summa, Stellanpchasmusfaltatus, Stittodora lari 등 총 21 Operational Taxonomic Unit(OTU)를 사용하여 수리분류학적 연구를 시도하였다. 형질은 절대 측정치가 아닌 상대적 비율을 주로 사용하였으며, 형질수는 26개를 사용하였다. 각 형질간의 유사도를 측정하여 상관계수를 계산한 후 Ward의 방법에 의한 집괴 분석 및 인자 분석을 수행하였다. 분석 결과 Metagonimus 속(genus) 그룹은 Metagonimus yokogawai, Metagonimus Miyata Type, M. takahashii 등 3개의 표현군으로 구분이 되었으며, Metagenimus Miyata Type은 M. takahashii 의 아종 수준으로 분류되었다. Heterophyes 속 그룹은 Heterophyes dispar, H. heterophyes, Jf. nocens 등 명확한 3개의 표현 군으로 구분되며, H. nocens는 H. heterophyes의 아종이 아닌 뚜렷한 종의 수준에서 분류됨을 나타내었다. 그 외의 종들도 역시 뚜렷한 표현 군으로 분류되었으며, 이로부터 흡충류에 있어서도 수리분류학적 방법에 의해 분류가 명화한 분류군의 한계를 규정하는데 많은 도움을 줄 수 있을 것으로 사료된다.