• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• v.50 no.2
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• pp.265-272
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• 2008

The CCAAT/enhancer binding protein β(C/EBPβ), a member of the leucine zipper DNA-binding protein of transcription factor, plays a crucial role in the control of early phases of adipocyte differentiation. In this studies, we report the identification, characterization, and expression of the Korean native cattle C/EBPβ gene. The Korean native cattle and black cattle C/EBPβ cDNA includes a 1047bp open reading frame encoding a protein of 348 amino acids. The C/EBPβ cDNA sequence of the Korean native cattle and black cattle shows high conservation with the corresponding amino acid sequences reported in other species. The distribution of C/EBPβ mRNA in various tissues of Korean native cattle aged 26 months was investigated using Northern Blot analysis. The C/EBPβ expression was detected in adipose tissue, lung, sirloin while expression was not detected in heart, kidney, small intestine, colon, and liver. However, we are analyzed polymorphism of bZIP domain in the C/EBPβ gene. A polymorphism was not identified at this position.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.14 no.12
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• pp.1670-1674
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• 2001

To understand molecular mechanisms that regulate deposition and release of intramuscular fat, a fasting-induced clone was identified by differential screening from cDNA library of adipose tissues of Korean cattle. The clone had a total length of 1,319 nucleotides coding for 334 amino acids. It was identified as one encoding L-lactate dehydrogenase H chain (LDH-B). Comparison of the deduced amino acid sequences of bovine LDH-B with those of pig, human, rat, and mouse showed 98%, 98%, 97%, and 96% identity, respectively. Food deprivation for 48 h increased mRNA levels of LDH-B gene in adipose tissues of Korean cattle compared to fed- and 6 h refed- tissues. The expression of obese mRNA was examined for individual adipose tissue from several fat depots. Fasting induced expression of LDH-B gene in subcutaneous adipose tissues, but it did not affect expression levels in abdominal, perirenal and intramuscular tissues. Results demonstrate that induction of LDH-B gene during fasting may represent a metabolic shift from anaerobic state to aerobic predominance in fasted adipose tissues and that its responses to fasting are different among several adipose tissues.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.20 no.11
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• pp.1662-1669
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• 2007

The high mobility group AT-hook1 (HMGA1) proteins are known to be related to the regulation of gene transcription, replication and promotion of metastatic progression in cancer cells. The loss of expression by disrupting the HMGA1 gene affects insulin signaling and causes diabetes in the mouse. Previously identified single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) of HMGA1 was significantly associated with fat deposition traits in the pig. In this study, we identified 3,935 bp nucleotide sequences from exon 5 to exon 8 of the bovine HMGA1 gene and its mRNA expression was observed by quantitative real-time PCR. Six single nucleotide polymorphisms in the bovine HMGA1 gene were detected and the allele frequencies of these SNPs were investigated using the PCR-RFLP method in nine cattle breeds including Limousin, Simmental, Brown Swiss, Hereford, Angus, Charolais, Hanwoo, Brahman and Red Chittagong cattle. The map location showed that the bovine HMGA1 gene was also closely located with a previously identified meat quality QTL region indicating this gene is the most likely positional candidate for meat quality traits in cattle.

• 대한생식의학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2002.05a
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• pp.11-17
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• 2002

Animal clones derived from somatic cells have been successfully produced in a variety of mammalian species such as sheep, cattle, mice, goats, pigs, cat and rabbits. However, there are still many unsolved problems in the present cloning technology. Somatic cell nuclear transfer has shown several developmental aberrancies including high rate of abortion in early gestation and increased perinatal death. These developmental failures of cloned embryos may arise from abnormal reprogramming of donor genome and/or incomplete cloning procedure. We have found that overall genomic methylation status of cloned bovine embryos is quite different from that of normal embryos in various genomic regions, suggesting that the developmental failures of cloned embryos may be due to incomplete reprogramming of donor genomic DNA. Many of the advances in understanding the molecular events for reprogramming of donor genome will more clarify the developmental defects of cloned embryos.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.13-16
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• 2001

Bovine ${\beta}1$-adrenergic receptor (AR) cDNA was cloned using degenerative primers. Bovine ${\beta}1$-AR coded for 467 amino acids and the comparison of the deduced amino acid sequence with that of sheep showed 93.4% identity. Northern blot analysis indicated that transcript size for the bovine ${\beta}1$-AR was 3.6 kb in the adipose tissue. The expression level of three $\beta$-ARs (1, 2, and 3) in bovine abdominal, subcutaneous, and perirenal adipose tissues were examined using reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), and the levels of ${\beta}1$- and ${\beta}3$-AR mRNA were found to be lower in the subcutaneous adipose tissue than in the abdominal and perirenal adipose tissues. These results suggest that the expression of $\beta$-ARs mRNA are differentially regulated among the adipose tissues.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.79-88
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• 1998

This study was performed in order to apply to effective breeding of Korean native cattle on the molecular genetic level obtained from PCR and nucleotide sequencing analysis of BoLA DRB3 exon2 that has important roles in host immune defence. Genomic DNA used in this study was prepared from the blood of Korean native cattle in Korean Native Cattle Improvement Center of National Livestock Cooperation. The results obtained from this study are summarized as follows: 1. Genomic DNA extracted from the blood of Korean native cattle was subjected to electrophoresis on 1.5% agarose gel. Major band was bigger than 12.2kb, indicating that genomic DNA was well prepared for PCR. Amplified products of 284bp fragments was obtained the amplification of BoLA DRB3 exon2 gene by PCR. 2. Cloning of BoLA DRB3 exon2 of Korean native cattle with pCR2.1 vector was conformed by 300bp fragment from recombinent plasmid that restricted with enzyme digestion of EcoRI. 3. Homology of BoLA DRB3 exon2 alleles of parent was 82.0% between sire's alleles and 90.1% between dam's alleles. 4. In pedigree analysis using BoLA DRB3 exon2 gene, sequencing result of BoLA DRB3 exon2 genes showed inheritance by Mendelian mode through the parents to their offspring. 5. Taking together those experimental results, pedigree was confirmed on the basis of sequencing for the alleles of parents and offspring. This knowledge by the molecular biological approach could be served for the improvement of Korean native cattle.

• Reproductive and Developmental Biology
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.235-240
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• 2007

This study was conducted to examine the viability of Korean native striped cattle (Bos namadicus Falconer, Chikso) clone embryos after embryo transfer. Chikso somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) embryos were produced by fusion of ear skin cells derived from a female Chikso with enucleated oocytes matured in vitro for 18-24 hr. After in vitro culture of SCNT embryos for 7 to 8 days, fresh or vitrified blastocysts derived from SCNT were transferred into a uterine horn of recipient cows. Fifteen of total 43 recipients were pregnant at Day 50 and 4 recipients were maintained to term. Three IVF-derived calves and 1 clone Chikso calf were born. Pregnancy rate was higher when fresh embryos were transferred to recipients compared to vitrified embryos, but development to term was not different between both groups. The clone Chikso calf died at 5 days after birth due to the fullness of amniotic fluid in rumen and the infection of umbilical cord. The result of the present study shows that clone Chikso calf can produced from the embryo transfer of SCNT embryos, however, solution of abortion problem is necessary to improve the cloning efficiency.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.38 no.1
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• pp.209-216
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• 1998

The purpose of present study is to improve the efficiency of fusion and the developmental rates of nuclear transplanted embryos to produce genetically identical twins from Korean native cattle. The diameter of aspirated follicles had no significant effect on the recovery rates of oocytes collected by ovum pick-up technique. The fusion rates of nuclear transplanted embryos were significantly higher in 50 and $100{\mu}s$ DC duration groups(73.3 and 72.0% ; respectively) than that in $30{\mu}s$ group(55.6% ; p<0.05). The cleavage rates of nuclear transplanted embryos appeared to be significantly higher in donor nuclei derived from in vivo (65.0%) than in those from in vitro (50.5% ; p<0.01), but the developmental rates to morulae and blastocysts were not significantly different between them(13.7 vs 10.9%, respectively).

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.17 no.10
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• pp.1344-1349
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• 2004

Titin-cap (TCAP), one of the abundant transcripts in skeletal muscles, was nvestigated in this study in cattle because of its role in regulating the proliferation and differentiation of myoblasts by interacting with the myostatin gene. From the 5, and 3, RACE experiments, full-length TCAP coding sequence was identified, comprising 166 amino acids. The amino acid comparison showed high sequence similarities with previously identified human (95.8%) and mouse (95.2%) TCAP genes. The TCAP expression, addressed by northern blot, is limited in muscle tissues as indicated by Valle et al. (1997). The radiation hybrid analysis localized the gene on BTA19, where the comparative human and porcine counterparts are on HSA17 and SSC12. A few muscle-related genetic disorders were mapped on HSA17 and some growth-related QTLs were identified on SSC12. The bovine TCAP gene found in this study opens up new possibilities for the investigation of muscle-related genetic diseases as well as meat yield traits in cattle.

• Journal of Animal Reproduction and Biotechnology
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• v.36 no.3
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• pp.162-167
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• 2021

Camel (camelus dromedarius) is a unique large mammalian species that can survive harsh environmental conditions and produce milk, meat, and wool. Camel reproduction is inferior when compared to other farm animal species such as cattle and sheep. Several trials have been reported to increase camel reproduction and production through assisted reproductive techniques (ARTs) such as in vitro fertilization and cloning. For these reasons, obtaining enough mature oocytes is a cornerstone for ARTs. This demand would be improved by the oocyte in vitro maturation (IVM) systems. In this review, the current approaches and views from different laboratories using ARTs and the IVM to produce embryos in vitro in camel species. For the last two decades, conventional IVM system was the common approach, however, recently the bi-phasic IVM system has been introduced and showed promising improvement in IVM of camel oocytes. Detailed studies are needed to understand camel meiosis and IVM to efficiently increase the production of this species.