• Journal of the Korean Data and Information Science Society
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• 제27권1호
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• pp.203-215
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• 2016

신생아는 통증을 충분히 지각할 수 있는 해부학적 신경구조를 갖추고 있으며, 출생초기 통증경험은 이후 통증자극 경험 시 통증에 대한 민감도를 증가시켜 장기적인 신경해부학적, 행동적 후유증을 동반한다. 따라서 신생아기 통증관리는 신생아 간호의 주요 쟁점이 되고 있다. 본 연구는 진정효과가 있는 것으로 알려진 모유를 이용하여 통증이 동반되는 발뒤꿈치 천자 시 모유경구투여가 신생아의 통증완화에 미치는 효과를 검증함으로써 안전하고 효과적인 신생아 통증관리 중재에 대한 근거를 제시하고자 실시하였다. 연구결과 모유경구투여는 통증을 수반하는 간단한 처치 시 신생아의 통증을 완화시켜 주는데 효과가 있음을 확인할 수 있었다. 본 연구 결과는 모유의 통증완화 효과에 대한 경험적 근거를 제시함으로써 간호 실무에서 통증완화 중재로 널리 활용할 수 있는 계기를 마련한 점에서 의의가 있다. 추후 반복연구를 통한 경험적 근거의 축적과 더불어, 모유경구투여 중재가 독자적 간호중재로서 간호 실무에 적극 활용될 것을 기대하는 바이다.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• 제43권4호
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• pp.153-159
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• 2013

Purpose: The level of the implant above the marginal bone and flap design have an effect on the bone resorption during the healing period. The aim of this study is to detect the relationship between the level of the implant at the implant placement and the bone level at the healing period in the mesial and distal side of implants placed with flapless (FL) and full-thickness flap (FT) methods. Methods: Twenty-two nonsubmerged implants were placed with the FL and FT technique. Periapical radiographs were taken of the patient at implant placement, and at 6 and 12 weeks. By using computer software, bone level measurements were taken from the shoulder of the healing cap to the first bone implant contact in the mesial and distal side of the implant surface. Results: At 6 weeks, the correlation between the crestal bone level at the implant placement and crestal bone level of the FT mesially was significant (Pearson correlation coefficient=0.675, P<0.023). At 12 weeks, in the FT mesially, the correlation was nonsignificant (Spearman correlation coefficient=0.297, P<0.346). At 6 weeks in the FT distally, the correlation was nonsignificant (Pearson correlation coefficient=0.512, P<0.107). At 12 weeks in the FT distally, the correlation was significant (Spearman correlation coefficient=0.730, P<0.011). At 6 weeks in the FL mesially, the correlation was nonsignificant (Spearman correlation coefficient=0.083, P<0.809). At 12 weeks in the FL mesially, the correlation was nonsignificant (Spearman correlation coefficient= 0.062, P<0.856). At 6 weeks in the FL distally, the correlation was nonsignificant (Spearman correlation coefficient=0.197, P<0.562). At 12 weeks in the FL distally, the correlation was significant (Pearson correlation coefficient=0.692, P<0.018). Conclusions: A larger sample size is recommended to verify the conclusions in this preliminary study. The bone level during the healing period in the FT was more positively correlated with the implant level at implant placement than in the FL.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• 제30권3호
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• pp.39-49
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• 2013

Objectives : The purpose of this study is to assess the effect of Taegeuk acupuncture on reducing mental stress by analyzing heart rate variability in Soeumin. Methods : Six Soeumin-diagnosed men participated in this study. They were randomly divided into group A and group B. Each participant went through 4 sessions every week with 1 week of washout period in between each session. HRV was measured three times at every session; at baseline, after administering mentally stressful circumstances and after applying Soeumin Taegeuk acupuncture or Soyangin Taegeuk acupuncture. This study was designed as a crossover clinical trial. Group A participants were treated with two sets of Soeumin Taegeuk and Soyangin Taegeuk acupuncture treatment in respective order (i.e. Soeumin Taegeuk - Soyangin Taegeuk - Soeumin Taegeuk - Soyangin Taegeuk acupuncture treatment). Group B participants were treated with reverse-ordered acupuncture treatment (i.e. Soyangin Taegeuk - Soeumin Taegeuk - Soyangin Taegeuk - Soeumin Taegeuk acupuncture treatment ). Bayesian analysis was performed by using WinBUGS(Ver. 1.4.3) for comparison between Soeumin Taegeuk acupuncture and Soyangin Taegeuk acupuncture. Results : Overall, Soeumin Taegeuk acupuncture tends to reduce LF/HF ratio, LF, HF, LF(Norm) and increase HF(Norm) more than Soyangin Taegeuk acupuncture, but the difference was not statistically significant. In one participant, however, Soeumin Taegeuk acupuncture reduced LF/HF ratio, LF(Norm) and increased HF(Norm) more than Soyangin Taegeuk acupuncture, and the difference was stastatistically significant. Conclusions : This study suggests that Soeumin Taegeuk acupuncture might be an effective means of stabilizing mental stress-induced imbalance of autonomic nervous system for Soeumin.

• 농업과학연구
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• 제37권2호
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• pp.239-243
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• 2010

The objective of this study was to evaluate effects of supplementation of ${\beta}$-mannanase (CTCZYME$^{(R)}$, CTCBIO, Inc.) on feed intake, growth performance and fecal health of calves fed two levels (3% vs. 8%) of palm kernel meal (PKM). A total of nine Holstein calves were divided into three groups, and fed a conventional starter containing 3% PKM (CON), CON+0.1% CTCZYME$^{(R)}$ (TRT1), or a starter containing 8% PKM+0.1% CTCZYME$^{(R)}$ (TRT2). No clinical symptom of calves was observed through the trial. We did not find significant differences among the treatments on mean feed intake, growth performance, or fecal health during the four-week experimental period. Feed efficiency tended to be improved by adding CTCZYME$^{(R)}$ (0.46, 0.87 and 0.52 for CON, TRT1 and TRT2, respectively). Compared with CON (921 g/d and 786 g/d), TRT2 had lower feed intake (727 g/d) and average daily gain (ADG, 631 g/d) before weaning. However, feed intake (2300 g/d) and ADG (1012 g/d) were similar or even higher in TRT2 than CON (2269 g/d and 560 g/d) after weaning. This was probably due to the effect of a large amount of mannan-oligosaccharide released from PKM by ${\beta}$-mannanase. Salmonella was not detected any fecal samples. No significant difference was observed in the number of fecal E. coli or fecal properties including color, smell, and watery indexes among the treatments. We conclude that a calf starter containing 8% PKM with 0.1% CTCZYME$^{(R)}$ is comparable with a conventional starter in feed intake and growth performance of calf, which is beneficial in terms of reduction in feed cost.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• 제31권2호
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• pp.401-420
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• 2001

A novel glucanhydrolase from a mutant of Lipomyces starkeyi(KSM 22)has been shown effective in hydrolysis of mutan, reduction of mutan formation by Streptococcus mutans and removal pre-formed sucrose-dependent adherent microbial film and Lipomyces starkeyi KSM 22 dextranase has been strongly bound to hydroxyapatitie. These in vitro properties of Lipomyces starkeyi KSM 22 dextranase are desirable for its application as a dental plaque control agent. This study was performed to determine oral hygiene benefits and safety of dextranase(Lipomyces starkeyi KSM 22 dextranase)-containing mouthwash in human experimental gingivitis. This 3-week clinical trial was placebo-controlled double-blind design evaluating 1U/ml dextranase mouthwash and 0.12% chlorhexidine mouthwash. A total 39 systemically healthy subjects, who had moderate levels of plaque and gingivitis were included. At baseline, 1, 2 and 3 weeks, subjects were scored for plaque(Silness and $L{\ddot{o}e$ plaque index and plaque severity index), gingivitis($L{\ddot{o}e$ and Silness gingival index), and at baseline and 3 weeks of experiment, subjects were scored for plaque(Turesky-Quingley-Hein's plaque index and plaque severity index), tooth stain(Area and severity index system by Lang et al). Additionally, oral mucosal examinations were performed and subjects questioned for adverse symptoms. Two weeks after pre-experiment examinations and a professional prophylaxis, the subjects provided with allocated mousewash and instructed to use 20-ml volumes for 30s twice dailywithout toothbrushing. All the groups showed significant increase in plaque accumulation since 1 week of experiment. During 3 weeks' period, the dextranase group showed the least increase in plaque accumulation of Silness and $L{\ddot{o}e$ plaque index, compared to the chlorhexidine and placebo groups, but chlorhexidine group showed the least increase inplaque accumulation of Turesky-Quingley-Hein's plaque index. As for gingival inflammation, all the groups showed significant increase during 3 weeks of experiment. The dextranase group also showed the least increase in gingival index score, compared to the chlorhexidine as well as the placebo groups. Whereas the tooth stain was increased significantly in the chlorhexidine group, compared to the baseline score and the placebo group since 3 weeks of mouthrinsing. It was significantly increased after 3 weeks in the dextranase group, still less severe than the chlorhexidine group. As for the oral side effect, the dextranase group showed less tongue accumulation, bad taste, compared to the chlorhexidine group. From these results, mouthrinsing with Lipomyces starkeyi KSM 22 dextranase was comparable to 0.12% chlorhexidine mouthwashin inhibition of plaque accumulation and gingival inflammation and local side effects were if anything less frequent and less intense than chlorhexidine, in human experimental gingivitis. All data had provided positive evidence for Lipomyces starkeyi KSM 22 dextranase as an antiplaque agent and suggested that further development of dextranase formulations for plaque control are warranted.

• Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.315-323
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• 1994

Mammalian oviductal epithelial cells have been known to improve in vitro fertilization and embryonic development. Recently, co-cultured human embryos with the epithelial cells in human genital tract has been reported to improve the pregnancy rate. The purpose of the study was to investigate the effects of the epithelial cells of human genital tract on the development of mouse early embryos and human fertilized oocytes. The epithelial cells of human genital tract were collected from the fallopian tubes which were obtained during hysterectomy in fertile women and from the endometrium during endometrium biopsy. Collected human ampullary cells(HACs) and endometrial cells(HECs) were cultured for 10 days to establish primary monolayer. Second passaged HACs and HECs were obtained by trypsinization were cryopreserved in PBS with 1.5 M DMSO for later use. To investigate the effect when co-cultured with HACs and HECs, we tried to apply strict quality control on mouse embryo, from two cell to blastocyst prior to human trial. The results of quality control were as follows; In Group I (Ham's F10 with 10% FCS), Group IT (co-cultured with HACs) and Group ill (co-cultured with HECs), developmental rates to blastocyst were 63.3%(253/400), 76.0%(304/ 400),74.0%(296/400), respectively. Hatching rates were 36.8%(147/400), 41.80/0(167/400), 38.0%(152/400), respectively(p<0.05). To perform the human IVF, cryopreserved HACs were thawed at 37$^{\circ}C$ waterbath, seeded on the well dish and cultured for 48 hI'S. The pronuclear stage embryos were transferred to the seeded well dish. After 24 hRS, co-cultured embryos were examined and transferred to patient's uterus. The results of human IVF when co-cultured with HACs were that fertilization and developmental rates were 61.8% (256/414), 95.3% (244/256) as compared with 57.2% (279/488) and 94.6%(264/279) in Ham's F10 supplemented with 10% FCS(control). However, 62.9% (161/256) of co-cultured human embryos showed good embryos(no or slight fragmentation) as compared with 53.8 % (150/279) in control(p < 0.05). Pregnancy rate was 40.0% (12/30) when co-cultured with HACs whereas 30.6%(11/36) in control. In conclusions, co-culture system using HACs and HECs improved the developmental and hatching rates of mouse embryo. Also, in human IVF system when co-cultured with HACs, it improved both the quality of human embryos and the pregnancy rate.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제24권9호
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• pp.927-934
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• 2014

혈근초(Sanguinaria canadensis) 뿌리에서 유래된 benzophenanthridine alkaloid의 일종인 sanguinarine은 항균, 항산화 및 항암작용 등 다양한 생리활성을 지니고 있는 것으로 알려져 있다. 비록 TRAIL이 암세포에서는 apoptosis를 유도하지만 정상세포에서는 세포독성을 나타내지 않는다는 큰 장점으로 제 2 임상 단계에서 유의적인 성과를 이루었지만, TRAIL 저항성을 극복해야 하는 큰 어려움이 남아있다. 본 연구실에서는 TRAIL이 세포독성을 나타내지 않는 범위의 sanguinarine과 혼합처리에 의하여 TRAIL 저항성 AGS 위암세포에서 apoptosis를 유발하였음을 보고한 바 있으며, 본 연구에서는 sanguinarine의 TRAIL 저항성 관련 극복에 대한 추가적인 기전 연구를 실시하였다. 본 연구의 결과에 의하면, sanguinarine과 TRAIL의 혼합처리는 각각의 단독 처리에 비하여 AGS 세포의 증식억제 및 apoptosis 유도의 상승 효과가 있었으며, 이를 MTT assay, agarode gel 전기영동, 염색질 응축 현상 및 flow cytometry 분석을 통하여 확인하였다. 또한 sanguinarine과 TRAIL의 혼합처리는 DR5의 발현을 증가시켰으며, ROS의 생성을 촉진시켰다. 그러나 동일 조건에서 MAPKs 신호 전달계에는 큰 영향을 주지 않았다. 아울러 ROS 생성을 인위적으로 차단하였을 경우, sanguinarine과 TRAIL의 혼합처리에 의한 생존도 저하가 유의적으로 회복되었다. 이러한 결과는 sanguinarine과 TRAIL이 DR5의 발현 증가와 ROS의 생성을 촉진시킴으로서 apoptosis 신호를 활성화하였음을 의미하는 결과로서 TRAIL 저항성 극복을 위한 sanguinarine 활용의 유용성을 보여주는 것이다.

• 대한한의진단학회지
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.121-131
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• 2006

Background : As each human has a look in the face of oneself, he or she has a look of him or herself in the shape of the body also. And for the shape of the body which gives a big clue in diagnosis in musculoskeletal disorders. Therefor many means are used and developed for diagnosis through body shape or posture analysis for musculoskeletal disorders. X-ray, CT, MRI has been used for diagnosis through image in this way to tell about the inside of the human body. On the other side, moire topography was used for information about the exterior of the human body, but yet only minimal information such as the number of contour lines in each side was available. Therefor there were a few studies to use moire topography or other methods to get information about the surface of the human body in numeric values. The instrument used in this study which is a laser projection moire, is another trial to get numeric data about the surface of the human body. The instrument is composed of laser projector and a computer software to recompose and analyse the image data into depth, height, angle and length. Objectives : The study was focused on whether the instrument is reliable for clinic use, and to seek the proper environment and posture for the examination, and among the data the software provides, which items are more reliable and useful. Methods : For reproductivity and repeatability, 4 testers tested 2 persons. And to how if the body shape changes according to the posture and which posture gives the most reliable data, the test was performed in 6 different positions. Results : Result, the instrument showed sufficient repeatability and reproductivity for clinical use. And among the items the software provides, the length of the back, the angle of the back in the sagittal and coronal plane showed reliable results. And there was difference in the results according to the posture, and Therefor, in following studies using this instrument or similar type of posture analysing instruments, the length of the back, the angle of the back in the sagittal and coronal plane could be reliable item to use.

• Clinics in Shoulder and Elbow
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.117-125
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• 2017

Background: To compare the clinical outcomes of arthroscopic capsular release in patients with and without inferior capsular release for shoulder stiffness. Methods: Between January 2010 and December 2015, 39 patients who underwent arthroscopic capsular release for shoulder stiffness were enrolled and randomized into two groups. In group I, 19 patients underwent arthroscopic capsular release of the rotator interval and anterior capsule. In group II, 20 patients underwent arthroscopic capsular release of the anterior to inferior capsule, including the rotator interval. The American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons score, Constant scoring system, Simple Shoulder Test, visual analogue scale for pain, and range of motion (ROM) were used for evaluation before surgery, at 3, 6, and 12 months after surgery and on the last follow-up. Results: Preoperative demographic data revealed no significant differences (p>0.05). The average follow-up was 16.07 months. Both groups showed significantly increased ROM at the last follow-up compared with preoperative (p<0.05). At the last follow-up, no statistical differences were found (p>0.05) between groups I and II in functional scores and ROM (forward flexion, p=0.91; side external rotation, p=0.17; abduction external rotation, p=0.72; internal rotation, p=0.61). But we found that group II gained more flexion compared to group I at 3 months and 6 months (p<0.05) after the surgery. Conclusions: Both techniques of capsular release are effective for stiffness shoulder. However, the extended inferior capsular release shows superiority in forward flexion over anterior capsular release alone during 6 months of follows-up (level of evidence: Level I, therapeutic randomized controlled trial).

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• 제51권1호
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• pp.84-87
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• 2008

Streptococcus mutans, Streptococcus sobrinus 등과 같은 구강 세균에 의해 생산되는 효소인 glucosyltransferase(GTase; sucrose 6-glucosyltransferase, EC 2.4.1.5) 는 충치 발생에 중요한 역할을 하는 것으로 알려져 있으며 Gtase-I, GTase-SI, GTase-S 등 최소 3종의 isozyme이 알려져 있다.$^{7-10)}$ GTase는 sucrose로부터 점착성이 있는 불용성의 glucan을 형성하고 이 glucan에서 구강 미생물이 증식하며 그 결과로 생성된 유기산에 의하여 치아표면의 에나벨 층이 부식되므로써 충치가 유발되게 된다.$^{11)}$ 따라서 불용성 glucan의 생성을 유도하는 GTase의 활성을 조절하는 것은 충치 발생 억제에 중요한 역할을 하는 것으로 판단된다. 본 연구자 등은 GTase를 효율적으로 저해하여 충치를 예방할 물질을 탐색하기 위한 연구의 일환으로 약 420종 식물체의 ethanol 추출물로부터 GTase 저해 활성을 검색하여 보고한 바 있다. 수종의 식물체 ethanol 추출물은 S. mutans에 대한 정균활성과 GTase 저해 활성을 동시에 나타내었으며 물질의 분리${\cdot}$정제로부터 oleic acid를 주성분으로 히는 불포화 지방산임이 밝혀진바 있다.$^{12)}$ 본 연구에서는 약 420종 식물체의 열수추출물을 대상으로 GTase 저해 활성을 검색하였다. 그 중 13종의 열수 추출물에서 비교적 높은 GTase 저해활성이 분포 되고 있음을 확인하였으며 활성이 높은 회향을 대상 식물체로 하였다. 회향의 열수 추출물은 S. mutans의 생육에는 영향을 미치지 않고 GTase 활성을 저해하는 특정을 가지고 있다(data not shown). 특히 사람을 대상으로 한 회향 열수 추출물에 의한 치면 세균막 억제 임상 실험 결과 plaque index의 저하를 가져오는 것으로 나타나 회향 열수 추출물은 GTase 활성을 저해하여 충치 예방 목적으로 적용 할 수 있음을 알 수 있다. 회향은 한국을 비롯한 아시아권에서 식품의 향신료 및 민간요법에 널리 사용되는 식물이고 식품의 원료로 사용할 수 있는 소재이다. 회향의 열수 추출물은 열에 대해 높은 안정성을 나타내는 가공 특성을 가지고 있으므로 천연물 기원의 충치예방 기능성 식품으로서의 산업적 이용가치가 기대된다.