• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제28권12호
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• pp.1144-1149
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• 1995

Adenocarcinoma involving esophago-gastric junction[EGJ is usually originated from the gastric cardia and it presents unique clinical manifestations, requires special surgical care, and bears a much poor prognosis. We analyse the clinical data of 109 adenocarcinoma involving EGJ operated between August, 1987 and March, 1994. Curative resection of primary tumor including esophagus and lymph node dissection was possible on 102 cases[93.5% . Among these cases, 89 cases were advanced state over the stage III. The operative mortality was 1.8% and postoperative morbidity was 16.5%. The overall 3 year and 5 year survival rate was 48.5%, 34.1% each, and median survival was 27.5 month in the curative resected cases. The treatment failure was mainly distant metastsis including lymph node, except one local recurrence.Among many factors influencing long term results of resected adenocarcinoma involving EGJ, the only effort a surgeon can make is to attain completeness of tumor removal by dissecting all involved lymph node and ensuring adequate tumor free margins of both esophageal and cardiac side.

• Annals of Clinical Neurophysiology
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.41-43
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• 2018

ntermediate syndrome (IMS) typically occurs at 24-96 hours following organophosphate (OP) poisoning, after an acute cholinergic crisis, but before OP-induced delayed polyneuropathy. It is characterized by proximal muscle weakness and respiratory insufficiency, which is a major contributing factor of OP-related morbidity and mortality. We report an atypical IMS case showing rapid-onset ascending paralysis and respiratory disturbance with an acute cholinergic crisis occurring 4-5 days after skin exposure to OP.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• 제77권3호
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• pp.105-110
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• 2014

Venous thromboembolism (VTE), which includes pulmonary embolism and deep vein thrombosis, is an important cause of morbidity and mortality. The aim of this review is to summarize the findings from clinically important publications over the last year in the area of VTE. In this review, we discuss 11 randomized controlled trials published from March 2013 to April 2014. The COAG and the EU-PACT trials indicate that pharmacogenetic testing has either no usefulness in the initial dosing of vitamin K antagonists or marginal usefulness in the Caucasian population. Recent clinical trials with novel oral anticoagulants (NOACs) have demonstrated that the efficacy and safety of rivaroxaban, apixaban, edoxaban, and dabigatran are not inferior to those of conventional anticoagulants for the treatment of VTE. The PEITHO and ULTIMA trials suggested that rescue thrombolysis or catheter-directed thrombolysis may maximize the clinical benefits and minimize the bleeding risk. Lastly, riociguat has a proven efficacy in treating chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension. In the future, NOACs, riociguat, and catheter-directed thrombolysis have the potential to revolutionize the management of patients with VTE.

• 대한소화기학회지
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• 제72권6호
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• pp.281-285
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• 2018

Acute pancreatitis is a common gastrointestinal disease that is associated with significant morbidity and consumes enormous health care resources. As such, it requires up-to-date evidence-based diagnosis and standard treatment guidelines with broad support from the clinician. Korean Pancreatobiliary Association has developed clinical practice guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of acute pancreatitis to provide a framework for clinicians to manage acute pancreatitis and to improve national health care. The guidelines were divided into four parts: the diagnosis of acute pancreatitis, the assessment of the severity, the initial management, and the treatment of necrotizing pancreatitis and local complications of acute pancreatitis. In this article, we summarize and present the diagnosis and treatment guidelines for acute pancreatitis established in Korea.

• Korean Circulation Journal
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• 제53권5호
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• pp.294-312
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• 2023

Heart failure (HF) is a global health problem closely related to morbidity and mortality. As the burden of HF increases, it is necessary to manage and treat this condition well. However, there are differences between real-world practice and guidelines for the optimal treatment for HF. Patient-related, healthcare provider-related, and health system-related factors contribute to poor adherence to optimal care. This review article aims to examine HF treatment patterns and treatment adherence in real-world practice, identify clinical gaps to suggest ways to improve the quality of care for HF and clinical outcomes for patients with HF. Although it is important to optimize treatment based on evidence-based guidelines to the greatest extent, it is known that there is still poor treatment adherence, and many patients do not receive guideline-directed medical therapy, especially at the early stages. To improve medication adherence, qualitative evaluation through performance measurement, as well as education of patients, caregivers and medical staff through a multidisciplinary approach are important.

• Clinical Endoscopy
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• 제56권6호
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• pp.706-715
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• 2023

Postoperative gastrointestinal bleeding is a rare but serious complication that can lead to prolonged hospitalization and significant morbidity and mortality. It can be managed by reoperation, endoscopy, or radiological intervention. Although reoperation carries risks, particularly in critically ill postoperative patients, minimally invasive interventions, such as endoscopy or radiological intervention, confer advantages. Endoscopy allows localization of the bleeding focus and hemostatic management at the same time. Although there have been concerns regarding the potential risk of creating an anastomotic disruption or perforation during early postoperative endoscopy, endoscopic management has become more popular over time. However, there is currently no consensus on the best endoscopic management for postoperative gastrointestinal bleeding because most practices are based on retrospective case series. Furthermore, there is a wide range of individual complexities in anatomical and clinical settings after surgery. This review focused on the safety and effectiveness of endoscopic management in various surgical settings.

• Clinical Nutrition Research
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• 제11권4호
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• pp.331-346
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• 2022

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), a novel coronavirus named severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is now at pandemic levels leading to considerable morbidity and mortality throughout the globe. Patients with obesity, diabetes, and metabolic syndrome (MetS) are mainly susceptible and more probably to get severe side effects when affected by this virus. The pathophysiologic mechanisms for these notions have not been completely known. The pro-inflammatory milieu observed in patients with metabolic disruption could lead to COVID-19-mediated host immune dysregulation, such as immune dysfunction, severe inflammation, microvascular dysfunction, and thrombosis. The present review expresses the current knowledge regarding the influence of obesity, diabetes mellitus, and MetS on COVID-19 infection and severity, and their pathophysiological mechanisms.

• The Korean Journal of Medicine
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• 제99권4호
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• pp.165-168
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• 2024

Initiating dialysis at an advanced age is both a clinical challenge and an ethical dilemma, because the benefits in older adults with advanced chronic kidney disease may be offset by high rates of dialysis-related morbidity. Geriatric conditions, such as aging, frailty, functional impairment, and cognitive impairment, significantly influence the prognosis of elderly patients. Therefore, it becomes important to provide patients and families with prognostic information regarding timing of initiation, which is further complicated by the competing mortality risk. Shared decision-making by clinicians and patients can yield better clinical outcomes and quality of life. Through this approach, patients can opt for the most appropriate treatment based on their personal values, which often entails conservative management.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• 제46권8호
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• pp.769-776
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• 2003

목 적 : 한 나라의 건강 지표로 중요한 의의를 갖는 영아 사망의 2/3는 신생아기에 일어나며 주로 저출생 체중아에 의한 것이다. 최근 신생아 집중치료의 발달로 1,500 gm 미만의 극소 저출생 체중아의 생존율이 향상되는 추이여서, 본 연구는 1996년 부터 2001년까지 6년간 전남대학교병원에서 극소 저출생 체중아의 발생 빈도와 생존율 및 이환율 변화를 알아보고자 하였다. 방 법 : 본 연구는 1996년 1월부터 2001년 12월까지 전남대학교병원 신생아 집중 치료실에 입원했던 1,500 gm 미만의 극소 저출생 체중아 565명을 대상으로 하였다. 1996년부터 1998년까지를 전반기, 1999년부터 2001년까지를 후반기로 나누어 기간별 VLBWI의 생존율, 이환율 및 입원 기간의 차이를 비교하였고, 이를 또한 출생 체중과 재태 연령별로도 비교하였다. 생존 환아에서의 이환율은 '단기 질환'과 '장기 질환'으로 질환을 구분하여 비교하였고, 원내 출생아에서의 VLBWI 발생 빈도 및 기간별 변화, 기간별 주산기 인자와 생존율과의 상관관계, 사망 원인에 대해서도 조사하였다. 결 과 : 원내 출생 VLBWI의 발생 빈도는 총 8.3%이었으며 전반기 6.0%, 후반기 11.0%로 후반기에 그 빈도가 증가하였다. VLBWI 총 생존율은 76.8%이었으며, 전반기(71.8%)에 비해 후반기(80.1%)에 향상되었고, 특히 출생 체중 1,000-1,249 gm과 재태 연령 28-30주에서 개선되었다. 주산기 인자 중 후반기에 제왕 절개 분만이 증가하였고, 다태아에 비해 단태아일 경우, 질식 분만에 비해 제왕 절개 분만일 경우에 생존율이 증가하였다. 사망의 빈도는 생후 7일 이전 사망이 전체 사망의 58.8%로 가장 빈번하였다. 사망 원인으로는 신생아 호흡 곤란 증후군이 주요한 원인이었고, 패혈증, 폐출혈 빈도순이었다. 이환율은 전반기(82.5%)에 비해 후반기(92.3%)에 유의하게 증가하였다. 생존한 환아에서 전반기에 비해 후반기에 총 이환율과 단기 이환율은 증가하였으나 장기 이환율은 통계학적으로 유의한 차이가 없었으며, 출생 체중 1,000-1,499 gm과 제태 연령 28-33주에서는 단기 이환율이 유의하게 후반기에 증가한 반면 오히려 장기 이환율은 감소하였다. 생존 환아에서 평균 입원 기간은 전반기에 비해 후반기에 유의하게 연장되지는 않았다. 결 론 : VLBWI의 빈도가 증가하고 생존율이 향상된 반면 이환율은 증가되었다. 그러나, 출생 체중 1,000-1,249 gm과 재태 연령 28-30주에서 현격한 생존율 증가와 함께 '단기 이환율'은 증가되었으나 오히려 '장기 이환율'은 감소하였다.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제49권5호
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• pp.267-272
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• 2011

Objective : Although iliac crest autograft is the gold standard for lumbar fusion, the morbidity of donor site leads us to find an alternatives to replace autologous bone graft. Ceramic-based synthetic bone grafts such as hydroxyapatite (HA) and b-tricalcium phosphate (b-TCP) provide scaffolds similar to those of autologous bone, are plentiful and inexpensive, and are not associated with donor morbidity. The present report describes the use of Polybone$^{(R)}$ (Kyungwon Medical, Korea), a beta-tricalcium phosphate, for lumbar posterolateral fusion and assesses clinical and radiological efficacy as a graft material. Methods : This study retrospectively analyzed data from 32 patients (11 men, 21 women) who underwent posterolateral fusion (PLF) using PolyBone$^{(R)}$ from January to August, 2008. Back and leg pain were assessed using a Numeric Rating Scale (NRS), and clinical outcome was assessed using the Oswestry Disability Index (ODI). Serial radiological X-ray follow up were done at 1, 3, 6 12 month. A computed tomography (CT) scan was done in 12 month. Radiological fusion was assessed using simple anterior-posterior (AP) X-rays and computed tomography (CT). The changes of radiodensity of fusion mass showed on the X-ray image were analyzed into 4 stages to assess PLF status. Results : The mean NRS scores for leg pain and back pain decreased over 12 months postoperatively, from 8.0 to 1.0 and from 6.7 to 1.7, respectively. The mean ODI score also decreased from 60.5 to 17.7. X-rays and CT showed that 25 cases had stage IV fusion bridges at 12 months postoperatively (83.3% success). The radiodensity of fusion mass on X-ray AP image significantly changed at 1 and 6 months. Conclusion: The present results indicate that the use of a mixture of local autologous bone and PolyBone$^{(R)}$ results in fusion rates comparable to those using autologous bone and has the advantage of reduced morbidity. In addition, the graft radiodensity ratio significantly changed at postoperative 1 and 6 months, possibly reflecting the inflammatory response and stabilization.