• Journal of East-West Nursing Research
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.124-133
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• 2017

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify factors that affect nursing students' clinical practice ability. Methods: The data were collected from 303 nursing students who had more than 500 hours of experience in clinical practicum at 4 universities in Seoul and the metropolitan area. The instruments consisted of 27 items of critical thinking, 19 items of professionalism, 40 items of self reported leadership, 20 items of communication evaluation tool, and 61 items of nursing practice performance evaluation. Results: For the clinical practicum, most difficult for nursing students were cardiopulmonary resuscitation, fecal enema, stoma care, and blood transfusion. Clinical practice abilities were positively correlated with nursing professionalism(r=.26, p<.001), leadership (r=.16, p=.007) and critical thinking(r=.12, p=.031). Professionalism(${\beta}=.32$, p=.001) was the most significant factor influencing the clinical practice ability of nursing students. Critical thinking was the second largest factor but not significant(${\beta}=.16$, p=.058). Conclusion: The findings suggest that the nursing curriculum should include nursing knowledge and nursing skills as well as various case-based or field-based decision making training programs to cultivate professionalism, critical thinking and other abilities for clinical practice.

• 대한예방의학회:학술대회논문집
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• 1994.02b
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• pp.180-187
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• 1994

A slightly modified version of the Quality-of-Life after Myocardial Infarction (QLMI) questionnaire developed by Oldridge and colleagues was applied in a self-administered mode to patients with suspected acute myocardial infarction (AMI) in a randomized controlled trial of secondary prevention. Acceptability of the questionnaire was good, with 93% of responders answering all items. Factor analysis suggested three quality-of-life (QL) dimensions which we called 'emotional', 'physical' and 'social'. These differed somewhat from the dimensions proposed by Oldtidge and colleagues. However, a sensitivity analysis showed relative invariance of results to weighting schemes. Scores on our three dimensions were responsive to differences between the treatment groups, and demonstrated construct validity based on associations between the measured QL and variables expected to affect QL. We conclude that the QLMI questionnaire has good potential as an instrument for assessing QL in post-AMI patients and that it can be successfully self-administered.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.54 no.5
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• pp.495-509
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• 2003

Background : Neutrophil-mediated inflammation is usually self-limiting, because neutrophils have a remarkably short life span. Prolonged neutrophil survival, which is caused by decreased spontaneous apoptosis, leads to persistent inflammation in sepsis. Because many inflammatory cytokines, which generate signals that delay apoptosis, are regulated by nuclear factor-${\kappa}B$ transcription factor, we hypothesized that nuclear factor-${\kappa}B$ might be related to the reduced neutrophil apoptosis observed in sepsis. Methods : Neutrophils of healthy volunteers and sepsis patients were freshly isolated from venous blood. Neutrophil apoptosis was assayed with two approaches : by counting apoptotic cells under a microscope and by flow cytometry using Annexin V. The activity of nuclear factor-${\kappa}B$ was assessed by immunofluorescent staining or electrophoretic mobility shift assay. Expression of X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis was measured by western blot assay. Results : We confirmed reduced spontaneous neutrophil apoptosis in patients with sepsis. The number of apoptotic neutrophils in patients with sepsis increased to the level of that in healthy controls after cycloheximide treatment, suggesting that decreased spontaneous neutrophil apoptosis is dependent on de novo protein synthesis. In patients with sepsis, basal neutrophil nuclear factor-${\kappa}B$ was activated compared to the level in healthy controls. Moreover, a blockade of nuclear factor-${\kappa}B$ activity reversed the decreased spontaneous neutrophil apoptosis in sepsis patients. Meanwhile, X-linked inhibition of apoptosis expression, which is regulated by nuclear factor-${\kappa}B$, decreased 24 hours after incubation in healthy persons, but persisted for 24 hours in patients with sepsis. Conclusion : These observations suggest that the reduced spontaneous neutrophil apoptosis observed in patients with sepsis may be related to the induction of survival protein by nuclear factor-${\kappa}B$.

• Journal of Korean Physical Therapy Science
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• v.3 no.3
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• pp.93-104
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• 1996

The purpose of this study is improvement of clinical practice education through examination of satisfaction on clinical practice of physical therapy students and grasping the factor have on effect on satisfaction of clinical practice. The students of the survey were 328 junior college students and 41 University students selected from 8 junior college and 2 University by questionnaire from Oct. 6 to Oct. 26, 1993. The collected data was analyzed by ANOVA, T-test, Multiple range test (Tukey, LSD, Duncan), principal factor analysis according to purpose of study. The results were as follows : The degree of satisfaction according to the item on clinical practice was low as 0.346 of a total 1.0. The degree of satisfaction of instruction(0.40) revealed to be high. Compared with the degree of satisfaction on contents(0.39), practice environment(0.38), satisfaction after practice(0.36), practice hours(0.35), personalrelations(0.33), problem of practice place(0.31), practice evaluation(0.25) revealed to be low. 1. The degree of satisfaction on clinical practice according to education system was lower junior college than University. 2. The degree of satisfaction on clinical practice according to volitional group and another intention group and another intention group was not different. 3. The degree of satisfaction on clinical practice according to the order of merit was not difference A group, B group, C group, but it of D group was low. 4. The degree of satisfaction on clinical practice according to the time of practise, the group that clinical enforce during a session was higher than the group that it enforce during vacation. 5. The degree of satisfaction on clinical practice according to clinical practice place was high in University hospital and general hospital, but was low in hospital and clinic. 6. The degree of satisfaction on clinical practice according to existence or non-existence of a hospital in affiliation was higher existence a hospital in affiliation group than non-existencea hospital in affiliation group. 7. The degree of satisfaction on clinical practice according to satisfaction of major was high in group of high satisfaction major.

• Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.209-213
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• 2001

Objective : To evaluate factor XII deficiency in patients with recurrent spontaneous abortion and its relation to aPTT. Material and Method: Factor XII was analyzed by clotting method. Results: Of 70 patients with recurrent spontaneous abortion, there were 35 cases of factor XII deficiency. Among them, there were only 3 cases of prolonged aPTT. Conclusions: It is still unclear whether factor XII deficiency is related to recurrent spontaneous abortion. Molecular approaches should be used to understand further the causal relationship. But based on this result, in the workup of patients with recurrent spontaneous abortion, factor XII should be included. aPTT is not likely to represent the abnormality of factor XII.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.53 no.7
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• pp.759-765
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• 2010

Purpose: This study evaluated the clinical manifestations of and risk factors for pituitary insufficiency in children and adolescents with Rathke's cleft cysts. Methods: Forty-four patients with Rathke's cleft cysts younger than 19 years who visited Seoul National University Children's Hospital between January 1995 and September 2009 were enrolled. Rathke's cleft cysts were confirmed histologically through an operation in 15 patients and by brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in 29 patients. The clinical, hormonal, and imaging features were reviewed retrospectively. Results: The clinical presentation of symptomatic patients was as follows: headache (65%), endocrinopathy (61%), and visual disturbance (19%). Endocrinopathy included central precocious puberty (18%), diabetes insipidus (14%), general weakness (11%), and decreased growth velocity (7%). After surgery, hyperprolactinemia resolved in all patients, but growth hormone insufficiency, hypothyroidism, and diabetes insipidus did not improve. Pituitary insufficiency except gonadotropin abnormality correlated significantly with severe headache, visual disturbance, general weakness, and cystic size. Suprasellar extension of cysts and high signals in the T2-weighted image on brain MRI were related to hypothyroidism, hypocortisolism, and diabetes insipidus. Multivariable linear regression analysis showed that only general weakness was a risk factor for pituitary insufficiency ($R^2$=0.549). Conclusion: General weakness is a risk factor for pituitary insufficiency in patients with Rathke's cleft cysts. When a patient with a Rathke's cleft cyst complains of general weakness, the clinician should evaluate pituitary function and consider surgical treatment.

• Korean Journal of Occupational Health Nursing
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.71-82
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• 2005

Purpose: This study analyzed domestic articles that studied job-stress of nurses using Meta Analysis to evaluate the responses resulted from job-stress and the factors affecting them. Method: To conduct this study, data were collected primarily from database of "richis" and additionally from 8 nursing journals and 5 theses for a degree on job-stress of clinical nurses. Result: As a result of Meta Analysis casual factor of job-stress, the result represented that two reasons; personal factor was the age, occupational factor were ward, duration of employment and position. By the result of analysis of effect of job-stress, satisfaction of the job, exhaustion, health status and immersion of the job were strongly related to job-stress. According to the general solution against job-stress that referred from job-stress related theses, there are several; Imagination Therapy, Assertive Training and Value Clarification Training could bring significant result. Conclusion: This study showed that because job-stress of clinical nurses had nothing to do with personal factors, job-stress management plans for nurses are needed to focus on occupational factors. Also the study suggested that various coping skills that proved to be effective are needed to be used to relieve job-stress and that's responses on nurses.

• Korean Journal of Clinical Laboratory Science
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• v.47 no.1
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• pp.28-34
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• 2015

Pulse wave velocity (PWV) is used to non-invasively estimate the severity of arteriosclerosis by measuring arterial stiffness. Increased arterial stiffness measured by PWV stands for progressive arteriosclerosis and is caused by atherosclerotic risk factors. This study is focused on how brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV) is related to the leading risk factors for arteriosclerosis or atherosclerosis. Subjects were 114, 69 males and 45 females who are in 60's and had baPWV test for acute stroke. The results are as follows: the group with increased arterial stiffness showed significant increase in HbA1c, total cholesterol, BSBP (brachial artery systolic blood pressure), BDBP (brachial artery diastolic blood pressure), CSBP (central artery systolic blood pressure), CDBP (central artery diastolic blood pressure), augmentation index (AIx) and diabetes mellitus. Correlation analysis between baPWV and atherosclerotic risk factor showed significant relationship in age, HbA1c, LDL cholesterol, BSBP, BDBP, CSBP, CDBP and augmentation index. baPWV was independently related to age and BSBP in multiple linear regression analysis. The group with increased arterial stiffness was independently related to BDBP in multiple logistic regression analysis. This study might be meaningful in evaluating the relationship between arterial stiffness and atherosclerotic risk factor in a new way, and be helped to make various studies for cardiovascular disease.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.19 no.11
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• pp.1475-1481
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• 2009

Anthrax is a zoonotic disease caused by Bacillus anthracis, and well recognized as a potential agent for bioterrorism. B. anthracis can be identified by detecting the virulence factors genes located on two plasmids, pXO1 and pXO2. The aim of the present study was to determine the presence of virulence genes in 27 isolates of B. anthracis isolated from clinical and environmental samples. For this purpose, multiplex PCR and DNA probes were designed to detect protective antigen (pag), edema factor (cya), lethal factor (lef), and capsule (cap) genes. Our results indicated that all the isolates contained all the above virulence genes, suggesting that the isolates were virulent. To the best our knowledge, this is the first study about the determination of virulence marker genes in clinical and environmental isolates of B. anthracis using multiplex PCR and DNA probes in India. We suggest that the above methods can be useful in specific identification of virulent B. anthracis in clinical and environmental samples.

• Animal cells and systems
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• v.7 no.3
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• pp.261-264
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• 2003

Leiden), no mutation was detected in either group. Allele frequencies of A2379G and G2391 A mutations were not significantly different between CAD patients and controls. Non-Caucasian populations have a considerably lower factor Ⅴ Leiden allele frequency than Caucasian populations. Thus, it may be due to differences in the genetic background as well as environmental factors.