• Journal of Hospice and Palliative Care
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.88-94
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• 2009

흉통은 외래 및 응급실에서 볼 수 있는 흔한 증상으로 그 원인 또한 다양하다. 또한 흉통의 원인에 따라 치료와 예후가 다르기 때문에 흉통의 원인을 정확히 진단하는 것은 무엇보다 중요하다. 흉통을 호소하는 환자들 중 대부분은 개인병원, 종합병원의 내과, 흉부외과 등을 거쳐 기본적인 검사를 실시하고 특별한 이상이 없다고 진단 받고 통증클리닉으로 보내지는 경우가 많지만, 최근에 다른 과를 거치지 않고 직접 통증클리닉을 찾는 환자가 많아짐을 고려할 때 정확한 진단이 필수적이다 하겠다. 본원에 흉통을 주소로 입원치료 중에 있던 환자에서 전이성 척추종양에 의해 급속도로 진행된 척추파괴 및 척수압박 증상을 경험하였기에 문헌 고찰과 함께 보고하는 바이다.

• The Korean Journal of Pain
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.21-25
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• 1989

For the simple operations of the perineal region, caudal, epidural and saddle blocks of analgesia are preferable anesthesia techniques in men. But, if the operations shoud be delayed or the physicians are willing to observe and manipulate the patients for a couple of days, as in the ureteral stone manipulation, continuous epidural analgesia will be a reliable method. The authors have observed 36 male patients of ureteral calculi with continuous lumbar epidural analgesia for the purpose of elimination of an undesirable pain sensation which was associated with the transurethral cystoscopic manipulation. The results were as follows: 1) In most cases, the anesthetics used were 1% lidocaine 20 ml through the $L_{3-4}$ and $L_{4-5}$ interspace with 4~6cm of catheter tip advancement mainly to cephalad. 2) There was no motor weakness or paralysis in the lower extremities except some numbness and paresthesia on the perineal area. 3) Besides the various minor complications, there were no problems in respiration with small doses of morphine extradurally. 4) Among them, four cases of ureteral calculi dropped into the bladder spontaneously due to the epidural technique during transportation of the patients from the pain clinic to the urology out-clinic. One case of calculi was dropped by the aid of instrumentation at the ward, and twelve cases of calculi were removed directly by Dormia stone basket in the scopic room. For the remaining patients, we deduced that their calculi was be evacuated out because there were no complaints were notified after discharge.

• 한국학교보건학회지
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.96-108
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• 1990

도시와 농촌지역 고등학생들의 상병 및 의료이용 양상을 파악하여 보건교육자료로 활용하고, 학교보건 정책을 수립하는데 도움이 되고자 1989년 3월 27일부터 4월 8일까지 부산 학생 1,979명과 경남 학생 1,315명의 남 녀 인문계 고등학생을 대상으로 설문조사한 결과는 다음과 같다. 대상학생 중 37.8%가 1개월 간에 1회이상 상병을 경험하였으며, 월간 상병률은 1,000 명당 453.2였다. 도시학생(550.8)이 농촌학생(306.5) 보다 여학생(561.9)이 남학생(328.3) 보다 높았다(P<0.01).

• 대한방사선기술학회지:방사선기술과학
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• 제40권3호
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• pp.377-383
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• 2017

건강검진의 증가와 함께 검진 차량을 이용한 건강검진의 수효 또한 증가하는 추세로, 검진 차량에서의 흉부 방사선검사 시 피폭선량에 대해서도 간과할 수 없다. 실제 피사체가 있을 때 피사체의 체질량지수(BMI), 관전류량(mAs)과의 비교를 통해 산란선 발생량을 측정하여 불필요한 피폭을 최소화할 수 있는 방법을 찾고자 한다. 본 연구의 결과 대상자 BMI 전체 평균은 $23.31{\pm}3.12$으로 남자가 여자보다 BMI 값이 높게 나타났다. 전체 평균 mAs값은 $2.92{\pm}1.19$으로 남자가 여자에 비하여 높게 나타났다. 검사실 내부 위치 1의 산란선 전체 평균값은 $771.81{\pm}151.15{\mu}Sv/hr$로 나타났다. 검사실 출입문 외부 위치 2의 산란선 전체 평균값은 $53.86{\pm}25.66{\mu}Sv/hr$로 측정되었다. 이에 BMI나 mAs가 증가할수록 검사실 내부 위치 1과 외부 위치 2에서의 공간산란선량은 증가하는 것으로 나타났다. 건강검진 차량에서의 피폭선량은 거리역자승법칙을 적용하기에 매우 좁은 공간으로 공간산란선의 피폭을 최대한 줄이기 위해 방사선 관계종사자는 영상의 품질을 저해하지 않는 범위 내에서 가능한 낮은 조사조건으로 검사하고, 검사실 출입문 근처에 검사자가 대기하지 않도록 하는 노력이 필요할 것으로 생각된다.

• 대한의용생체공학회:의공학회지
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• 제38권4호
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• pp.183-189
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• 2017

Electrosurgical Unit(ESU) is medical equipment that cut or coag tissues using electrical energy. It is used in hospitals' outpatient clinic room and operating room. Improper use of an ESU may cause fatal injuries to the patient, such as burns. So, before using an ESU, make sure that it is supplying enough energy for cut and coag by measuring the output power and checking the output power cable. In this study, we developed a simple ESU power measurement system PW100 that allows anyone to check the basic output power. And PW100 can check the state of the cable associated with the output power before using ESU. Then, we compared the measured output power of the PW100 with an ESU Analyzer which was commercialized, and compared the performance. In the experiment, the output power measured by the PW100 was lower value than an ESU Analyzer's that. However, the PW100's output power measured in the 5% error range and showed stable reproducibility by a low %RSD value.

• 임상간호연구
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.293-308
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• 2015

Purpose: This study aimed to develop nursing practice standards of hemodialysis care according to admission types. Methods: The standards were developed in four phases. Phase 1: The preliminary standards of hemodialysis care were developed based on literature review and evaluation of professional experts. Phase 2: Content validity was evaluated by 34 professional experts and the standards were modified and revised. Phase 3: Clinical validity was evaluated by 212 hemodialysis nurses. Expert group validated and verified the final outcome. Phase 4: Final standards of hemodialysis care according to admission types were developed. Results: The standard of hemodialysis care for out-patients included 5 standards, 9 contents, 43 nursing activities. The standard for in-patients included 6 standards, 10 contents, 50 nursing activities. The standards for critical patients included 4 standards, 10 contents, 43 nursing activities. There were differences in nursing activities according to admission type. Time required to meet the standards were different according to admission types. Conclusion: The findings of this research demonstrated that the time required for hemodialysis care and appropriate number of nurse would be different according to admission types. Different nursing workload according to admission type of hemodialysis patients need to be considered in allocating nursing manpower.

• 기본간호학회지
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.520-530
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• 2010

Purpose: In this study influenza A (H1N1) infection control performance and stress in nurses were surveyed, to identify factors influencing stress for the nurses, and to provide basic materials for promoting infectious disease control by nurses. Method: The participants were 447 nurses who had worked at isolation clinics and/or isolation rooms in hub hospitals in the Honam region during the period of the outbreak of 2009 pandemic influenza A (H1N1) virus. Data were collected in February 2010 using self-report questionnaires. Results: The performance of participants from clinics was high for 'helping patients wearing masks', but low for 'maintaining distance over 1 meter among waiting patients'. The performance of participants from hospital rooms was high for 'putting a surgical mask on a patient going out of the room', but low for 'keeping patients' family out of the room'. The participants' stress was higher in those younger and less experienced nurses, those working at a hospital with 500-999 beds, those working at both isolation clinics and rooms, and those working at a clinic longer. Conclusion: In order to lower nurses' stress from working at isolation clinics/rooms for infectious diseases, we may need to deploy experienced nurses and limit their working days to five or less.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제16권7호
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• pp.513-521
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• 2016

본 연구는 간호대학생의 분만실 실습 중 수행내용을 파악하고 임상실습 환경에 따른 간호대학생의 실습 수행도 및 만족도를 분석하여 실습의 질 향상을 위한 개선방안을 제시하고자 하였다. 연구결과 간호대학생의 분만실 임상실습은 대부분 관찰 위주로 진행되고 있었고, 제한된 영역에서만 직접수행과 보조적 수행을 경험하였다. 간호대학생의 임상수행 만족도는 69%정도의 비교적 낮은 수준을 보였다. 임상실습지에 따른 차이를 분석한 결과 여성전문병원의 분만실에서 실습 한 간호대학생은 종합병원에서 보다 더 많은 관찰을 수행 할 수 있었고, 그에 따라 만족도 점수 또한 높았다. 분만실 임상실습에서 관찰 및 보조적 수행이 많을수록 만족도는 상승하였다. 결과에서 확인된 실습 중 부족한 직접수행은 시뮬레이션기반 임상실습 등을 통해 보완할 수 있을 것이다. 또한 병원 실무자와의 긴밀한 의사소통을 기반으로 실습지를 확보하고, 다양한 간호대상자를 경험하고 관찰할 수 있도록 지도하는 것은 간호대학생의 임상실습 만족도와 질 향상을 위한 전략으로서 제시될 수 있겠다.

• The Korean Journal of Pain
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.43-47
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• 1999

Backgroud: Systemic administration of opioid can prolong the duration of epidural anesthesia. The authors examined the effect of nitrous oxide ($N_2O$) on the level of sensory block induced by epidural lidocaine. Methods: Twenty minutes after epidural injection of 2% lidocaine (below 70 years : 20 ml, 70 years and above : 15 ml), the level of sensory block was assessed (2nd stage). Patients were randomly assigned to receive either medical air (control group, n=15) or 50% $N_2O$ in oxygen ($N_2O$ group, n=15) for 10 minutes, the level of block was reassessed (3rd stage). Pateints were given room air (control group) or 100% oxygen for 5 minutes and room air for 5 minutes ($N_2O$ group), and the level of block was reassessed (4th stage). Results: At the 3rd stage, $N_2O$ group showed 4.3 cm cephalad increase in the level of sensory block (p=0.005), but control group revealed 1.43 cm regression. After discontinuation of gas, the level of block regressed in both group (p=0.000). At the 4th stage, $N_2O$ group revealed 3.5 cm cephalad increase (p=0.048) and control group 1.97 cm regression (p=0.001) as compared with the 2nd stage. Conclusions: The level of sensory block induced by epidural lidocaine was significantly increased cephalad by concommitant use of 50% $N_2O$ for 10 minutes.

• 의료ㆍ복지 건축 : 한국의료복지건축학회 논문집
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.47-55
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• 2016

Purpose: Growth and change are the most important things in planning of hospital architecture. It is especially necessary for countless changes taken place since the hospital opens to be adapted to the planning of hospital architecture phase. The space depth in the hospital serves a very crucial role in accepting these changes. The purpose of this study is to provide basic data necessary to space depth planning to prepare for change through analyzing space depth's change in hospital architecture chronologically. Methods:: The method of this study is analyzing space depth's change in cases of 19 hospitals in total, from the 1980's, which is the quantitative growth period, until recently. Especially this study is analyzing Max & Min space depth focusing change of medical environment. Based on this, this study suggests an form of space depth and optimum range of space depth response to growth and change of hospital architecture. Results: The conclusions of this study are as follows. Considering these conclusion, double linear system is most appropriate for space depth for hospital architecture planning focused on system. Optimal range of space depth is at least 21.6m or more in case of clinic room and from 27 meter to 37meter in case of examination & treatment room. Implications: Space of Depth is a key element determining system for hospital architecture planning focused on system. The results of this paper can be data for planning system of hospital architecture which copes with the change.