• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.37 no.4
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• pp.565-576
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• 2013

This study investigated 1) the effects of mountain climbing motivation on the desired mountain climbing wear benefits, and 2) the desired effects of mountain climbing wear benefits on clothing usage behavior. Data were collected via a questionnaire administered to 498 consumers who make at least one mountain climbing wear purchase for personal use. All items were evaluated on a 5-point Likert scale, and SPSS 20.0 and Amos 7.0 were used for data analysis. Confirmatory factor analysis for the research variables were performed and three factors of mountain climbing motivation (social interaction, health improvement, and mental rejuvenation), four factors of mountain climbing wear benefits sought (ostentation, ideal healthy figure, conformity, and functions), and two factors regarding clothing usage behavior (sportswear usage and daily wear usage) were identified. The results from the model test were as follows: 1) Mountain climbing motivation was found to vary depending on the mountain climbing wear benefits sought. Social interaction had a positive effect on all 4 factors of mountain climbing wear benefits sought. Health improvement was the only motivating factor for consumers who sought the benefit of functions; however, the functions benefit was not found to be a consideration for consumers who climbed for mental rejuvenation. 2) Mountain climbing wear usage was affected by mountain climbing wear benefits sought. The benefits for conformity and functions had a positive effect on sportswear usage and daily wear usage; however, the ideal healthy figure only affected daily wear usage. The twofold usage of mountain climbing wear reflects a cultural trend toward the usage of mountain climbing wear as daily wear; however, consumers show this twofold usage to conform successfully to mainstream society and not to pursue the ideal healthy figure.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.41 no.4
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• pp.585-598
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• 2017

Sports climbing requires more maximum body motion range than any other sport. This study examined what element affects the actions of sports climbers and suggest an ideal pattern archetype to maximize function based on motion. The theoretical background included abstracted elements influencing clothing design by researching the body type of sports climbers and the motion of sports climbing. Along with the characteristic of climbing wear, this study also conducted a comparative analysis of sleeve patterns for sports climbing wear and general sports jackets, abstracting comparative parts that influence sports climbing wear design. To develop the final research archetype, research was done on 107 sports climbers in their 20s-30s that selected the top 3 brands and collected patterns as well. A research archetype was selected based on 3-D virtual clothing and developed into 4 different patterns with different sleeve cap heights. Appearance evaluation and a motion functionality evaluation were then conducted in order to select a final research archetype adequate for sports climbing based on evaluation findings. In addition, this study identified aesthetical problems of the final research archetype produced based on functionality that could suggest an archetype for a climbing jacket that could be visually satisfying through appearance evaluations and motion functionality evaluations.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.37 no.7
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• pp.972-983
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• 2013

This study investigates the effects of fashion innovativeness and utilization on the price perception of formal wear and climbing wear as well as gender differences on price perception and the relationship of the variables. Price perception measurements were based on reference price and reservation price; subsequently, a premium price ratio was calculated based on the measured prices. A survey that involved male and female adult consumers was conducted in Daegu in August 2011. A total of 321 responses were analyzed using descriptive statistics, factor analysis, reliability analysis, correlations and independent sample t-test. Two factors of fashion innovativeness were derived and named as unique-oriented innovativeness and change-oriented innovativeness. The utilization of formal wear and climbing wear was higher in the male group versus the female group. Reference price and reservation price were identified similar to the actual consumer purchasing prices reported in previous studies. Male consumers showed a tendency in price perception in accordance with the utilization. The change-oriented innovativeness of the female group led to a positive relationship with the perceived price of climbing jackets.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.449-456
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• 2018

This study conducted a survey of members at sports climbing centers on the purchasing and wearing conditions of sports climbing wear and design preferences. 140 participants were in their 20's and 30's, and many of them engaged in sports climbing activities over 20 times a month. They put emphasis on the motion adaptability, durability, price and functional material when purchasing a climbing wear. However, only 23% of them used sports climbing wear. The reasons for wearing sports climbing wears were suitability for physical activity, comfort, and design. On the other hand, the reasons for not purchasing them were expensive prices and lack of designs. They experienced inconveniences at sleeves and waist in shirts. In case of pants, participants experienced inconveniences with the knee and thigh when they climbing. Concerning the damage of shirts, the majority experienced the elbow part was worn out, and the knee part was either worn out or torn at pants. Design preference results showed participants preferred loose-fit short-sleeved shirts that could cover half of the hip. In case of pants, they preferred basic-fit long trousers and basic hems with no functional characteristic. 3 sports climbing instructors answered that climbing wears should put emphasis on deodorization and antimicrobial effects as well as durability and suitability for physical activity. They also pointed out limitations in price and design and presented opinions about creating various sizes for different body parts by taking into account the growth of muscles.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.34 no.9
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• pp.1470-1478
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• 2010

This study investigates the suitability of outdoor wear among female trekkers in their twenties or thirties and provides data for developing outdoor wear more suitable for young females. Recently climbing has gained popularity as a leisure activity to enjoy the beauty of nature that increases physical and mental stamina. A survey was conducted on 304 female consumers in their twenties and thirties who enjoyed climbing in order to investigate the suitability of outdoor wear among young female consumers. The questionnaire covered the subjects' demographic information, duration and goal of climbing, purchase and suitability of outdoor wear, and preferred design for outdoor wear. As for the yearly situations, when they utilized outdoor wear, the biggest number of respondents chose "autumn" as the season for climbing. Most of the respondents were non-professional trekkers who enjoyed climbing as a hobby or for health. As for the size, the upper garment was 90 and 85 in the order, and the lower garment was 70 and 67 in the order. The pants were the most common item they owned, followed by round T-shirts, windbreaker jackets, zipup T-shirts, and waterproof jackets. They mentioned moisture absorption and dry fabric breathability as the basic functions required of outdoor wear. The subjects displayed a preference for partial details under the design category. They most preferred the hood-type jacket with a detachable stand collar, the sleeve hem with a partial rubber band and velcro strap, a T-shirt with a stand color and zipper, the waist fit with proper room, pants with a partial rubber band waist, and straight silhouette pants.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.261-271
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• 2013

This study aimed to identify professional climbers'demand for movement functionality in pants worn for rock climbing and ice climbing. Data were collected through in-depth interviews with 12 professional climbers using a semi-constructed questionnaire. The respondents were instructor-level experts whose climbing ability ranged from 5.9 to 5.14 on the Yosemite Decimal System rating scale. The research findings were as follows. Experts wore different climbing pants depending on the type of climbing. For example, they mostly wore high-stretch, second layer pants for rock climbing, while layering first layer, second layer, and third layer pants for ice climbing. There were gender differences regarding the parts of the body in which climbers reported the most discomfort when wearing climbing pants; male climbers most commonly responded 'knees', 'inner thighs' and 'hips' while their female counterparts most commonly responded 'inner thighs', 'exposed back and waist' and 'hips' in that order. Differences were found between rock climbing and ice climbing in terms of wear and tear on pants, preferred fabric properties, and length of pants. Wear and tear was found mainly on the hips and knees of rock climbing pants and on the inner lower hem of ice climbing pants. Listed in the order of preference, the most preferred fabric properties were elasticity, light weight, and durability for rock climbing pants and elasticity, insulation, and protection against water and wind for ice climbing pants. Regarding the length of rock climbing pants, respondents preferred ankle-length pants and cropped pants that did not cover the feet. For ice climbing pants, respondents favored heel-length pants that prevented pieces of ice from entering the clothing. Men showed a high level of preference for ergonomically cut climbing pants. Respondents said the waistband on climbing pants should be simplified so as not to adversely affect climbing maneuvers.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.391-404
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• 2017

The purpose of this study was to identify the consumers' demands on functional design of sports climbing pants. Data were collected through a field survey. 82 male and 70 female amateur sports climbers in Seoul participated. The questionnaires measured aspects of functional design in sports climbing pants, specifically motion adaptability, comfort and aesthetic value of the climbing pants. The results of this study show that comfort during climbing postures was the most important value of the climbing pants. The subjects sought motion adaptability at the hip, crotch, thigh and knee. The preferred style and degree of fit of climbing pants were differed according to gender. Men preferred loose or semi tight fit style climbing pants but women preferred the leggings style of the sport pants. The soft touch seam line and body shaping function were also important for women. The type of pants preferred for sports climbing also differed by the climbing experience period. Men began to wear the outdoor mountaineering style pants when they had experienced sports climbing for 6 months and to wear the climbing expert style pants when they had experienced sports climbing for a year. Most women wore leggings style sports pants from the beginner stage. This study also analyzed Korean market trend in 2016~2017 F/W for sports climbing pants design. The men's pants were more likely to be designed to improve mobility compared to the women's pants, even though the aesthetic value of the sports climbing pants was important for women.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.523-532
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• 2013

This study investigates risk reduction behavior with risk perception in outdoor wear purchase situations. Data were collected via a questionnaire from 400 consumers between the ages of 20 to 50 residing in Seoul and Kyonggi-do. Data analysis were conducted with SPSS 20 program on the reliability test, factor analysis, cluster analysis, t-test, ANOVA, and Duncan's multiple range test. Factor analyses were employed for the participation motivation of mountain climbing activities, risk reduction behavior and risk perception. Five factors were for the participation motivation of mountain climbing activities (health and fitness, external ostentation, achievement and excitement, improvement of climbing skills, and society). Five factors were for risk perception (fashionability loss and social risk, time and convenience loss, economic risk, performance risk, and psychological risk). Five factors were for the risk reduction behavior (interpersonal information sources use, marketer-dominated information sources use, professional information sources use, pre-purchase deliberation/observation/experience, and brand dependence). Three clusters were identified based on the motivation of outdoor activities (the affiliation/display, the health/internal informativeness and low motivation). The participation motivation for mountain climbing activities were varied. Manufacturers should increase efforts to develop products with good qualities at a reasonable cost as well as establish new marketing strategies since the risk of product performance and economic efficiency in the purchase of outdoor wear was a significant consumer perception.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Emotion and Sensibility Conference
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• 2011.05a
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• pp.67-68
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• 2011

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.61 no.10
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• pp.16-31
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• 2011

This paper aims to identify the similarities and differences of color preference for mountain climbing wear according to gender, season and item. Total of 749 photos of mountain climbers were taken in 2009 during weekends in May and October at two mountains in Seoul. In order to analyze color by hue and tone, all the data were digitalized using Photoshop and converted to HV/C by using the Munsell Conversion software. For the purpose of data analysis, 13 colors of hue, including 10 base colors of the Munsel color system plus white, gray and black, and 12 tones of PCCS were grouped into 5 groups according to close distance. Jumper, t-shirts, vest and pants were selected as the 4 item categories. Results showed that there were clear differences in color preference based on gender. Women, with a preference for red, reddish purple, black, purple and blue, displayed wider range of choices in color as compared to men, who preferred black and blue color throughout all seasons. Yellow, green, and greenish blue were less preferred by both men and women. For pants, black represented over 90% as the main color for both genders. Overall, men preferred dark tones and women preferred vivid and bright tones. Moreover, there were less distinct differences in color preference according to season and item.