• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.112 no.3
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• pp.382-392
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• 2023

Recent reports have indicated a rapid increase in the frequency of sediment disasters due to climate change and other changes in the geological environment. Given this alarming situation and the recent increase in the frequency of land creep in Korea, systematic and efficient recovery and management of land creep areas is essential. The purpose of this study is to identify disaster vulnerability by conducting a physical exploration of land creep in San 4-1, Jayeon-ri, Gaegun-myeon, Yangpyeong-gun, Gyeonggi-do, and examine stability by identifying the overall geological structure of the affected ground. In addition, drilling surveys are conducted to verify the reliability of the measured data. The results of the study reveal that low specific resistance abnormalities are distributed in the upper part of the soil layer and weathering zone and that this section is a 50-120 m exploration line. It is also confirmed to be a low-hardness ground area where tensile cracks are observed. Therefore, there is a need for research focused on developing measures to reduce economic and social damage within the domestic context by continuously monitoring indicators of land creep and identifying land creep risks.

• Environmental and Resource Economics Review
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.865-885
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• 2022

Korean government updated her Nationally Determined Contribution (NDC) in 2021 and announced the target and various measures for reductions. Among the many issues, final energy demand and renewable energy power mix for 17 provinces to achieve the target are being analyzed using GCAM-Korea. Simulation results show that final energy demand of 2030 is approximated at the similar level to that of 2018. This is being enabled by the conservation of coal with higher electrification especially in industry sector. Higher power demand with lower coal consumption in final energy consumption is shown to be provided by 33.1% of renewable, 24.6% of gas, and 18.0% of nuclear power generation in 2030. Meanwhile, the share of coal-fired power generation is expected to be reduced to 12.8%. Major future power provider becomes Gyeongbuk (Nuclear), Gyeonggi (Gas), Jeonnam (Nuclear, Gas) and Gangwon (PV, Wind), compared to one of current major power provider Chungnam (Coal). This analysis is expected to provide a useful insight toward the national and provincial energy and climate change policy.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Biology
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• v.40 no.1
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• pp.11-24
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• 2022

This study aimed to investigate the flora of Jinjosan Mt. (Uljin-gun, Gyeongsangbuk-do). The vascular plants were surveyed 9 times between March 2019 and April 2020. The results of this survey revealed a total of 414 taxa comprising of 87 families, 274 genera, 365 species, 12 subspecies, 32 varieties, and 5 forms. Among them, 9 taxa were Korean endemic plants and 5 taxa were rare plants of Korea. In addition, the specific plants by floristic region were 66 taxa including 1 taxon of grade IV, 18 taxa of grade III, 24 taxa of grade II, and 23 taxa of grade I. Additionally, eight taxa were classified as plants adaptable to climate change. Thirty-one taxa were of alien plants and three taxa were of ecosystem disturbance species, which were also investigated. The percentage of naturalized plants species and the urbanization index were estimated to be 7.5% and 5.0%, respectively. Our results provide basic data on vascular plants flora, and will guide the conservation processes of plant resources such as plant diversity and distributional changes in Jinjosan Mt.

• Journal of Industrial Convergence
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• v.21 no.5
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• pp.1-13
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• 2023

Carbon neutrality is the concept of reducing greenhouse gases emitted by human activities and making actual emissions zero through removal of remaining gases. It is also called "Net-Zero" and "carbon zero". Korea has declared a "2050 Carbon Neutrality policy" to cope with the climate change crisis. Various carbon reduction legislative processes are underway. Since carbon neutrality requires changes in industrial technology, it is important to prepare a system for carbon zero. This paper aims to understand the status and trends of global carbon neutrality technology. Therefore, ROK's web platform "www.naver.com." was selected as the data collection scope. Korean online articles related to carbon neutrality were collected. Carbon neutrality technology trends were analyzed by future signal methodology and Word2Vec algorithm which is a neural network deep learning technology. As a result, technology advancement in the steel and petrochemical sectors, which are carbon over-release industries, was required. Investment feasibility in the electric vehicle sector and technology advancement were on the rise. It seems that the government's support for carbon neutrality and the creation of global technology infrastructure should be supported. In addition, it is urgent to cultivate human resources, and possible to confirm the need to prepare support policies for carbon neutrality.

• Ecology and Resilient Infrastructure
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.40-49
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• 2023

To reduce the damage of extreme flooding caused by climate change and to create flood mitigation sections in a nature-friendly riparian area, it is necessary to restore the floodplain area by referring to the past floodplain section of the current inland waterfront area before the levee was built. This study proposed a method of selecting a location for floodplain restoration using old maps of the Geum River study section and analyzed the effect of flood level reduction through unsteady flow numerical simulations using the floodplain as a flood mitigation space. As a result of analyzing changes in the river areas using old maps, the river section was estimated to gradually reduce by 27.8% (1,059,380 m²) in 2020 compared to 1919, and it was found to have an effective storage capacity of 2,200,868 m³ when restored to offline storage. The flood level and discharge control effects analyzed based on HEC-RAS unsteady flow simulation were 16 cm and 219.01 m³/s, respectively, in the downstream cross-section. In the numerical simulation in this paper, the flood mitigation space was applied as an offline reservoir. The effect of reducing the flood level may differ if levee retreat/relocation is applied.

• Journal of Marine Life Science
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.51-58
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• 2018

Variations in water temperature are known to affect almost every part of fish physiology. The rise in water temperature due to climate change can physically damage fish. This study was conducted to evaluate the health status of the Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) at high water temperature (20℃) than the optimum water temperature (15℃). Liver tissue exerts important metabolic functions in thermal adaptation. Therefore, liver tissue was used in this study. The evaluation method is to develop the biomarker gene using NGS RNAseq analysis and to examine the expression pattern using RT-qPCR analysis. The NGS RNAseq analysis revealed 1,366 differentially expressed genes, among which 880 genes were increase expressed and 486 genes were decrease expressed. The biomarker genes are such as heat shock protein 90 alpha (Hsp90α), heat shock protein 90 beta (Hsp90β) and cytochrome P450 1A (CYP1A). The selected genes are sensitive to changes in water temperature through NGS RNAseq analysis. Expression patterns of these genes through RT-qPCR were similar to those of NGS RNAseq analysis. The results of this study can be applied to other fish species and it is considered to be useful industrially.

• Convergence Security Journal
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• v.22 no.5
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• pp.69-80
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• 2022

Now that climate change and food resource security are becoming issues around the world, smart farms are emerging as an alternative to solve them. In addition, changes in the production environment in the primary industry are a major concern for people engaged in all primary industries (agriculture, livestock, fishery), and the resulting food shortage problem is an important problem that we all need to solve. In order to solve this problem, in the primary industry, efforts are made to solve the food shortage problem through productivity improvement by introducing smart farms using the 4th industrial revolution such as ICT and BT and IoT big data and artificial intelligence technologies. This is done through the public and private sectors.This paper intends to consider the minimum requirements for the smart farm data collection system for the development and utilization of smart farms, the establishment of a sustainable agricultural management system, the sequential system construction method, and the purposeful, efficient and usable data collection system. In particular, we analyze and improve the problems of the data collection system for building a Korean smart farm standard model, which is facing limitations, based on in-depth investigations in the field of livestock and livestock (pig farming) and analysis of various cases, to establish an efficient and usable big data collection system. The goal is to propose a method for collecting big data.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.19-28
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• 2023

The purpose of this study is to estimate carbon dioxide emissions from soil microbial respiration by forest type of Sobaeksan National Park. As a result of estimating the annual soil microbiological respiration volume by forest type in Sobaeksan National Park, broad-leaved forests, coniferous forest, artificial forests were similar to around 19.5 CO₂-ton/ha/yr. In the case of coniferous forests in sub-alpine and grassland near Birobong Peak, 12.2 CO₂-ton/ha/yr and 8.1 CO₂-ton/ha/yr, respectively, were lower than general forest areas. And as a result of analyzing the changes in soil microbiological respiration rate according to forest type in Sobaeksan National Park, the soil microbiological respiration rate in coniferous forests, broad-leaved forests, artificial forests, and sub-alpine areas was the highest in the July survey in summer and the lowest in November in late autumn. The change in soil microbial respiratory volume according to the measurement time in Sobaeksan National Park was the highest between 12:00 and 16:00, when the soil temperature was generally the highest among the days. It is known that the soil temperature is relatively low and the amount of soil microbial respiration decreases during winter, and the change in respiratory volume over the measurement time during the day was the smallest in November, when the amount of soil microbial respiration was relatively smaller than the May-September survey. However, this study has limitations in revealing the causal relationship of various environmental factors that affect the soil microbial respiration. Therefore, it is suggested that long-term research and investigation of various factors affecting soil respiration are needed to understand the carbon cycle of forest ecosystems.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.30 no.6B
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• pp.541-549
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• 2010

While the number of rainy days is decreasing, the mean annual precipitation is increasing due to abnormal climate changes caused by the global warming in Korea. Owing to the biased-concentration of rainfall during specific short terms, not only flood but also drought becomes more and more serious. From the literature, it is easily found that previous studies about flood have been intensively conducted. However, previous studies about drought have been performed rarely. This study conducted the comparison between two representative drought indexes calculated from soil moisture and precipitation. Study area was Haenam-gun, Jeollanam-do in Korea. Soil Moisture Index(SMI) was calculated from soil moisture data while the Standardized Precipitation Index(SPI) and the Palmer Drought Severity Index(PDSI) were calculated from meteorological data. All monthly data utilized in this study were observed at the KoFlux Tower. After the comparative analysis, three indexes showed similar tendency. Therefore, it is thought that the drought index using soil moisture measured at the KoFlux Tower is reasonable, which is because the soil moisture is immediately affected by all the meteorological factors.

• Journal of Practical Agriculture & Fisheries Research
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.137-158
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• 2009

This study is to find the causes of the current situations of conflict between generations in regards to succession of their family farm, for the target group of graduates Korea National Agricultural College of the year 2008 and their parents. This study aims at finding a way of controlling and solving the conflicts, and of developing a course of education and training, so that through this process they can come to a rational conclusion to the conflicts that arise regarding succession of the farm, in a climate of harmony and peace. It is found that communication between parents and graduates has normally gone on well, but specific problems related to management of the farm are often present. Furthermore, there is often lack of trust and promise between the parties which often causes difficulties in preparation for the succession of the farm. On the basis of these observation, we have designed and implemented an education workshop and training, as a program in which parents and their successors participated. As a result, we found it to be very effective, but it was also found to be in need of some changes. The workshop is to be implemented in two separate stages. The first stage should focus on communication and trust between family members. Firstly, they are given the opportunity to share the list of concerns withone another, as an ice breaking activity. Secondly, they can present their own hopes or wishes. And lastly, they can communicate with one another in an effort to find resolutions that will be keep both parties satisfied. The second stage should be aimed at establishing agreements concerning succession of the farm in a harmonious and peaceful manor; the second stage is also an opportunity to discuss 'Farm management and succession'. The Korea National Agricultural College (KNAC) is in the pursuit of fostering agricultural CEO's for the future of Korea. KNAC is currently implementing a very unique system of interviews in which parents participate together with students, in order to help them make a plan for rational management of their farm and smooth succession of the farm. Although KNAC now has students present a blueprint of their own unique business plans as a graduation thesis, it is necessary for KNAC to complement this system with education and training regarding the succession of family farms. Furthermore, KNAC should also develop an education and training program that is separate for this purpose, and make it a regular course of study of KNAC in the future.