• Journal of The Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers
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• v.53 no.6
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• pp.31-41
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• 2011

This study was conducted to predict future land-cover changes under climate change scenarios and to cluster analysis of regional land-cover characteristics. To simulate the future land-cover according to climate change scenarios - A1B, A2, and B1 of the Special Report on Emissions Scenarios (SRES), Dyna-CLUE (Conversion of Land Use Change and its Effects) was applied for modeling of competition among land-use types in relation with socioeconomic and biophysical driving factors. Gyeonggi-do were selected as study areas. The simulation results from 2010 to 2040 suggested future land-cover changes under the scenario conditions. All scenarios resulted in a gradual decrease in paddy area, while upland area continuously increased. A1B scenario showed the highest increase in built-up area, but all scenarios showed only slight changes in forest area. As a result of cluster analysis with the land-cover component scores, 31 si/gun in Gyeonggi-do were classified into three clusters. This approach is expected to be useful for evaluating and simulating land-use changes in relation to development constraints and scenarios. The results could be used as fundamental basis for providing policy direction by considering regional land-cover characteristics.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers
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• v.54 no.2
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• pp.15-26
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• 2012

For stable and sustainable crop production, understanding the effects of climate changes on agricultural water resources is necessary to minimize the negative effects which might occur due to shifting weather conditions. Although various studies have been carried out in Korea concerning changes in evapotranspiration and irrigation water requirement, the findings are still difficult to utilize fordesigning the demand and unit duty of water, which are the design criteria of irrigation systems. In this study, the impact analysis of climate changes on the paddy water demand and unit duty of water was analyzed based on the high resolution climate change scenarios (specifically under the A1B scenario) provided by the Korea Meteorological Administration. The result of the study indicated that average changes in the paddy water demand in eight irrigation districts were estimated as -2.4 % (2025s), -0.2 % (2055s), and 3.2 % (2085s). The unit duty of water was estimated to increase on an average within 2 % during paddy transplanting season and within 5 % during growing season after transplanting. This result could be utilized for irrigation system design, agricultural water resource development, and rice paddy cultivation policy-making in South Korea.

• East Asian Economic Review
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.277-299
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• 2014

Climate negotiations have been going on for the last two decades and the awareness for impacts of climate change has improved substantially. However, the trends of global $CO_2$ emissions did not reveal any encouraging signs, with developing countries emitting even more $CO_2$ and industrialized nations showing no signs of reducing emissions to below their 1990 levels. In order to meet the ambitious targets set by the Stern report for the next two decades, it is important to find new and path-breaking approaches to climate change. This paper attempts to analyze the use of carbon/development space historically, at present and in the future with a focus on equity. Trends analysis focuses on the last two decades (Post Rio) and the carbon budget based analysis considers a period of 1850-2050. Industrialized countries are found to have significantly overshot their budgeted allocation for the last 160 years. Both the developing and industrialized countries are overshooting the present budget estimates based on world per capita budget for the next forty years and proportional to the population of each country. It is important for the industrialized countries to bring down their emissions to meet their carbon budgets while the developing countries use their development space as a guideline for their development path. Furthermore, this paper presents aggressive and regressive scenarios for the industrialized countries to compensate for the climate debt they have created.

• Land and Housing Review
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.171-180
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• 2017

In 1990s, as the extreme weather events according to the global warming climate change are occurred frequently all around the world and the scale of the damage increases, the developed countries are promoting various policies for reducing greenhouse gas emissions setting the goal of greenhouse gas reduction with the level of State and local government. Especially for the greenhouse gas reduction of buildings and the inducement of eco-friendly design, the green certification system is strengthened with the assessment of energy and greenhouse management, and recently, according to the policy change of climate and energy, the certification system expanded from the buildings to the level of city and district is piloted. So this research is to understand the main contents and the assessment system of domestic green building certification system implemented in March 2013 in response to the policy change of climate and energy and to suggest the basic data for the improvement of present domestic greenhouse certification standard through the analysis of actual certification and the main case analysis of international green certification system. Recently in developed countries, in 1990s, for the reduction of building's greenhouse gas emission and the inducement of eco-friendly design, from the building of LEED, BREEAM, DGNB to the level of city and district such as LEED Neighborhood Development, BREEAM Communities, DGNB Stadtquartiere, the system is expanded and piloted. On the contrary, as for the domestic standard of green building certification system, the distribution ratio according to the assessment items in each category consists of the assessment system based on the buildings, and just the simple adjustment of some items and the improvement of weighted value are performed. Actually, as a result of selecting the 30 districts of apartment housing with the most certification performance by use among the 49 buildings certified by Institute of Land & Housing from December 2014 to July 2016 and analyzing the assessment score, the certification level is determined by the sectors of high distribution like indoor environment and energy not by the ineffective sector of external environment with low distribution so this system has a limitation to perform the practical means for the policy change of climate and energy. Thus for the national green building certification standards, the assessment system in the sector of external environment is to complemented and furthermore, reflecting domestic reality, through the introduction of certification system and the assessment system with the level of city and district, this system should be improved to meet the international certification standard.

• Journal of Climate Change Research
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.425-442
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• 2017

This study analysed the linkage between national forest policy in Korea, namely the $5^{th}$ National Forest Master Plan, 2016 Korea Forest Service Performance Management Plan, the $3^{rd}$ National Sustainable Development Plan, and UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). The 7 strategies of the $5^{th}$ National Forest Master Plan were related to 11 Goals of SDGs, and 5 strategies of 2016 Korea Forest Service Performance Management Plan were associated with 7 areas of SDGs, and 4 strategies within $3^{rd}$ National Sustainable Development Plan were linked to 7 Goals of SDGs. Among 87 national forest indicators compiled from three respective forest-related policies of Korea, 45 national indicators were related to 18 SDGs indicators. This indicates that 52% of national indicators of Korean forest policy are reflecting the language of SDGs. However, seeing from SDGs perspective, only 18 out of 241, which accounts for 7.8% of SDGs indicators are related to national indicators. The findings imply that a number of national forest-related indicators do not meet the diverse dimension of SDGs which provides potential areas for forest to contribute. Based on the findings, following recommendations were suggested: 1) the term used in forest policy should be aligned to SDGs targets so that it can be embedded in national policies, and 2) indicators should be further contextualized as well as in its assessment system. Lastly, it suggests for leveraging 3) '5 Processes of sub-national climate change adaptation plan' and the core concept of REDD+ MRV which could provide fundamental background for implementing SDGs framework to national forest policy.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Earth Science Education
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.1-17
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• 2019

The importance of education in formulating and complementing climate change response has been widely recognized by international and national frameworks, agendas, strategies and action plans. Climate change education has the potential to meet the needs of communities to access updated information and knowledge on climate change, supporting policy development and the enhancing effectiveness of climate change response. This study develops an innovative model of Integrated Urban Climate Education (IUCE) as one suitable method for teaching and learning climate change and urbanization. This paper presents approaches, methodology and key lessons learned from the case study of IUCE in Cam Le District of Da Nang City. Findings from the study identify a number of important characteristics about the development and implementation of IUCE in a way that effectively contributes to urban resilience building. These characteristics include (1) multidimensional approaches, (2) teacher - centered base, (3) school-family-community connection, and (4) symbiosis principle.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers
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• v.62 no.5
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• pp.47-62
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• 2020

Rice paddy accounts for approximately 52.5% of all farmlands in South Korea, and it is closely related to the water environment. Climate change is expected to affect not only agricultural productivity also the water and the nutrient circulation. Therefore this study was aimed to evaluate changes of nitrogen load from rice paddy considering climate change scenario uncertainty. APEX-Paddy model which reflect rice paddy environment by modifying APEX (Agricultural Policy and Environmental eXtender) model was used. Using the AIMS (APCC Integrated Modeling Solution) offered by the APEC Climate Center, bias correction was conducted for 9 GCMs using non-parametric quantile mapping. Bias corrected climate change scenarios were applied to the APEX-Paddy model. The changes and uncertainty in runoff and nitrogen load were evaluated using multi-model ensemble. Paddy runoff showed a change of 23.1% for RCP4.5 scenario and 45.5% for RCP8.5 scenario compared the 2085s (2071 to 2100) against the base period (1976 to 2005). The nitrogen load was found to be increased as 43.9% for RCP4.5 scenario and 76.0% for RCP8.5 scenario. The uncertainty analysis showed that the annual standard deviation of nitrogen loads increased in the future, and the maximum entropy indicated an increasing tendency. And Duncan's analysis showed significant differences among GCMs as the future progressed. The result of this study seems to be used as a basis for mid- and long-term policies for water resources and water system environment considering climate change.

• Korean Journal of Artificial Intelligence
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.7-15
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• 2023

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to investigate how consumers perceive electric vehicles and factors that affect attitude, satisfaction, and intention to use electric vehicles and to explore policy issues regarding climate change and global environment. By classifying actual and potential users, this study developed the following research questions: i) factors including economic feasibility, sociality, environmental sustainability, inefficiency, inconvenience, convenience, and uncertainty affect attitude to electric vehicles; ii) attitude to electric vehicles affects actual consumers' satisfaction; and iii) attitude to electric vehicles affects potential users' intention to use. Research design, data and methodology: This study conducted an online survey and applied factor and regression analyses and ANOVA to test hypotheses. Results: The results of this study found that economic feasibility and convenience factors significantly affect attitude in both cases of actual and potential users. How actual users perceive efficiency of electric vehicles negatively and uncertain issues such as battery technology affect attitude to electric vehicles. Conclusions: This study provides policy implications that foster promotional policies for the adoption of electric vehicles for environment and regulate negative aspects. This study also provides managerial implications for manufacturers to develop better technology competences to enhance reliability on electric vehicles.

• Water for future
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• v.43 no.11
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• pp.68-74
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• 2010