• 대한가정학회지
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• 제23권4호
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• pp.79-100
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• 1985

This study was designed to establish Korean food culture by analyzing 17 sets of Jinyounuigue, Jinchanuigue, and Jinjarkuigue which were the records of royal party procedures in Yi dynasty, Analysis was made on royal parties in terms of table setting, kinds of dishes served, composition of foods, frequency of the food materials used, and food items changed over the period from 1719 to 1902, the latter half period of Yi dynasty. Foods used in those parties were classified into seven groups in this study; rice and noodoes, side dishes, Docks, desserts, fruits and nuts, beverages, and sauces. There were about 10 kinds of steamed rice and noodles including Mandoo and Byungtang, 140 different kinds of side dishes, 53 kinds of Kocks, 142 kinds of various desserts, especially Dasik and Korean cookies, 38 kinds of fruits and nuts, 10 kinds of beverages including Hwachae and Sujeongkwa, and 10 kinds of sauces such as soy sauce, mustard, honey, and etc. There was no tendency in omission or addition of food materials, but the number and heights of dishes were designated by the scale or character of the party. There were unique measuring units that were quite different from metric system. More than 30 different units were appeared in the differences. Most of them were used for typical items such as Sari for noodles only. However some were quite general and used until now. Mal and Dye were the units for volume, Kwan and Kuen for weight, and Chock and Chon for length.

• Earthquakes and Structures
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• 제7권6호
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• pp.1141-1169
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• 2014

This study is aimed to investigate the seismic performance of low-rise precast wall system with base isolation. Three types of High Damping Rubber Bearing (HDRB) were designed to provide effective isolation period of 2.5 s for three different kinds of structure in terms of vertical loading. The real size HDRB was manufactured and tested to obtain the characteristic stiffness as well as damping ratio. In the vertical stiffness test, it was revealed that the HDRB was not an ideal selection to be used in isolating lightweight structure. Time history analysis using 33 real earthquake records classified with respective peak ground acceleration-to-velocity (a/v) ratio was performed for the remaining two types of HDRB with relatively higher vertical loading. HDRB was observed to show significant reduction in terms of base shear and floor acceleration demand in ground excitations having a/v ratio above $0.5g/ms^{-1}$, very much lower than the current classification of $0.8g/ms^{-1}$. In addition, this study also revealed that increasing the damping ratio of base isolation system did not guarantee better seismic performance particularly in isolation of lightweight structure or when the ground excitation was having lower a/v ratio.

• 디지털산업정보학회논문지
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.157-170
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• 2012

Recently, user-created video shows high increasing in production and consumption. Among these, videos records an identical subject in limited space with multi-view are coming out. Occurring main reason of this kind of video is popularization of portable camera and mobile web environment. Multi-view has studied in visually representation technique fields for point of view. Definition of multi-view has been expanded and applied to various contents authoring lately. To make user-created videos into multi-view contents can be a kind of suggestion as a user experience for new form of video consumption. In this paper, we show the possibility to make user-created videos into multi-view video content through analyzing multi-view video contents even there exist attribute differentiations. To understanding definition and attribution of multi-view classified and analyzed existing multi-view contents. To solve time axis arranging problem occurred in multi-view processing proposed audio matching method. Audio matching method organize feature extracting and comparing. To extract features is proposed MFCC that is most universally used. Comparing is proposed n by n. We proposed multi-view video contents that can consume arranged user-created video by user selection.

• 한국식생활문화학회지
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.275-287
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• 1997

The purpose of this paper is to examine the various kinds of recipes of deer and roe deer through classical cookbooks written from 1670 to 1943. The recipes of deer and roe deer are found 31 times in the literature written in classical Chinese from 1715 to the mid-l8th century, which can be classified six groups. Their records are less than other recipes such as beef, chicken, pork, lamb, and dog, but the deer recipe is recorded frequently as four times as the roe deer one The deer were cooked and preserved by the following six ways like large-size drying, drying, boiling, soup, roasting, and gruel, while three ones such as boiling, roasting, and drying were applied to the roe deer. However, there is little difference in recipes between deer and roe deer. In case of deer, boiling and drying were the most popular ones with the frequency of 28%. But the recipes of the roe deer, boiling, roasting, and drying are recorded with the same frequency of 33.3%. The recipes were introduced from China, and had many characteristics different from other kinds of meat, of which most process reflected the mordern cooking scientific aspect. The main ingredients were flesh meat, tail, and tongue and horn was used with uniqueness. Salt, vinegar, oil soy sauce, and the white part of the green onion were used as main seasonings. Alcohol, chuncho, sesame flower powder, and cinnamon powder are frequently added.

• Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.184-188
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• 2018

Purpose: Despite the increasing incidence of pediatric Crohn disease (CD) in Korea, data on the characteristics of perianal lesions are scarce. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the characteristics of pediatric CD with accompanying perianal lesions in Korea. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of children (age ${\leq}18$ years) with confirmed CD at Gachon University Gil Medical Center between 2000 and 2014. Patients were classified into two groups based on the presence or absence of any perianal lesions including skin tags. Additional analysis was performed according to the presence or absence of perianal perforating lesions. Results: Among the 69 CD children (mean age, 15.4 years) include in the analysis, 54 (78.3%) had a perianal lesion and 29 (42.0%) had a perianal perforating lesion. The median duration of chief complaints was longer in pediatric CD with any accompanying perianal lesions (5.40 months vs. 1.89 months, p=0.02), while there was no difference between pediatric CD with and without perianal perforating lesions (5.48 months vs. 4.02 months, p=0.18). Perianal symptoms preceded gastrointestinal symptoms in 13 of 29 (44.8%) patients with perianal perforating lesions. Conclusions: CD should be suspected in children with perianal lesions, even in circumstances when gastrointestinal symptoms are absent.

• Journal of Trauma and Injury
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• 제30권1호
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• pp.1-5
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• 2017

Purpose: Nefopam is a centrally acting non-narcotic analgesic that has mostly been used for postoperative pain. We examined the efficacy of nefopam analgesia (alone and in combination with ketorolac) for trauma patients in the emergency department. Methods: We performed a retrospective chart review to select trauma patients who received nefopam at the emergency department of Korea University Medical Center Guro Hospital between January 2012 and December 2012. Patients younger than 15 years were excluded. The primary outcome measure was change of pain score (numeric rating scale) from baseline (before medication) to 30 min after medication. The secondary outcome measure was requirement for additional analgesia (pethidine). Results: Records of 1465 trauma patients who received analgesics in the emergency department from January 2012 to December 2012 were examined. Patients were classified into five groups according to initial analgesic: nefopam (n=112), ketorolac (n=867), pethidine (n=365), nefopam+ketorolac (92), and nefopam+pethidine (22). There were no significant differences in pain score reductions among the five groups. Twenty-two patients in the nefopam group, 141 in the ketorolac group, and 29 in the nefopam+ketorolac group required rescue analgesia with pethidine; these rates were not significantly different. Conclusion: The efficacy of nefopam analgesia for trauma patients in the emergency department is comparable to that of more commonly used agents, including ketorolac and pethidine.

• Journal of Trauma and Injury
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• 제30권4호
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• pp.179-185
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• 2017

Purpose: Rib fracture is the most common complication of blunt thoracic trauma. We investigated the effect of rib fracture on pulmonary function in the conservatively treated patients. Methods: From January 2000 to February 2017, we reviewed the records of 72 patients with rib fracture and pulmonary function tests were performed. According to the number of rib fractures, patients were classified into two groups: less than six fractured ribs (group A) and more than six fractured ribs (group B). The groups were compared concerning demographics, underlying diseases, associated thoracic injuries, surgery, mechanical ventilator times, days spent in the intensive care unit and pulmonary function test. Results: There were no statistically significant differences in the demographic data between the two groups. Mean hospitalization was 13.5 days in group A and 27.0 days in group B (p<0.001). There was no statistically significant difference between the two groups in the pulmonary function test. Conclusions: We conclude that pulmonary function is restored by conservative treatment in patients with rib fractures even if the number of rib fractures increases. In patients with multiple rib fractures, studies comparing open rib fixation and conservative treatment of long term pulmonary function are required.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• 제6권9호
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• pp.2370-2387
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• 2012

A new security management model based on Rough set and Bayesian learner is proposed in the paper. The model focuses on finding out malicious nodes and getting them under control. The degree of dissatisfaction (DoD) is defined as the probability that a node belongs to the malicious node set. Based on transaction history records local DoD (LDoD) is calculated. And recommended DoD (RDoD) is calculated based on feedbacks on recommendations (FBRs). According to the DoD, nodes are classified and controlled. In order to improve computation accuracy and efficiency of the probability, we employ Rough set combined with Bayesian learner. For the reason that in some cases, the corresponding probability result can be determined according to only one or two attribute values, the Rough set module is used; And in other cases, the probability is computed by Bayesian learner. Compared with the existing trust model, the simulation results demonstrate that the model can obtain higher examination rate of malicious nodes and achieve the higher transaction success rate.

• 한국식생활문화학회지
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• 제30권3호
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• pp.296-312
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• 2015

This study conducted a literature review, field study, and in-depth interview on the build order, cooking method, and origin of 'Donggot-tteok (rice cake)', which was the ritual food for 'Chungjae Gwon Beol from the Andong Gwon clan Jong-ga' in Bonghwa, Gyeongbuk, who deifies Chungjae Gwon Beol as Bulcheonwi. Donggot-tteok of Chungjae Jong-ga is classified as one kind of Bonpyeon (Janjeolpyeon) and 11 kinds of Utgipyeon, and assumes a unique circle build shape. According to the results of the literature review data in 2004 and 2010 with field study data in 2014, the build order, materials, and cooking method were maintained without large changes. With regard to Utgipyeon with which Donggot-tteok is topped, Cheongjeolpyeon, Milbiji, Songgisongpyeon, Gyeongdan, Ssukdanja, Bupyeon, Japgwapyeon, Jeon, Sansim, Jo-ak, and Kkaeguri were heaped in each layer, and the beauty of obangsaek (five colors) was well harmonized. Besides, with regard to the origin of Donggot-tteok, which was presented without elaborating sundry records, we examined the possibility of being introduced from the royal court through old paper and the Jokbo (family tree) that Jong-ga owns.

• 정신신체의학
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.82-88
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• 1997

Background : Patients with command hallucinations are commonly assumed to be at high risk for dangerous behavior. However the issue of whether command hallucinations hold any clinical relevance in schizophrenic patients has not been established. Method : The author analyzed the clinical and research records of schizophrenic patients with auditory hallucinations who participated in outpatient research follow-up for 9 months after discharge. Patients with auditory hallucinations were classified as experiencing or not experiencing command hallucinations based on clinical psychiatric assessment. Results : Of 63 patients with auditory hallucinations, 29(46%) reported the command hallucinations and these hallucinations often were violent in content(44.8%). Patients with command hallucinations were not significantly different from patients without command hallucinations on sociodemographic and clinical characteristics, and clinical or prognostic course variables, but patients with command hallucinations had significantly more short hospitalizations(less than one month) than patients without command hallucinations. 3 of the patients with command hallucinations who committed suicide during the follow up periods were died. Conclusion : Command hallucinations may be frequent, and in most cases they have minimal influence on the outcome of schizophrenia, but if the patients with command hallucinations have a history of suicide attempts before admission, the possibility of suicide attempts by command hallucinations should be considered.