• 대한임상독성학회지
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.55-58
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• 2021

Ciguatera is the commonest syndrome of marine poisoning that is caused by the ingestion of ciguatoxins that accumulate in certain tropical and subtropical finfish. It is endemic throughout the subtropical and tropical regions of the Indo-Pacific and Caribbean and has been rarely reported in Korea. With the expansion of travel, tourism, and the import of fish from the tropics, ciguatera poisoning now affects a diverse population. We report a case of ciguatera in a 70-year-old woman, presenting with general paralysis and coma, which developed after consuming codfish and mackerel in Korea.

• ALGAE
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• 제26권4호
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• pp.317-325
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• 2011

Five benthic species of the genus Gambierdiscus (Dinophyceae) were observed for the first time in the coastal waters of Pakistan, Northern Indian Ocean. The morphology of the epiphytic, ciguatera-related toxic species G. toxicus, G. belizeanus, G. polynesiensis, G. australes and G. cf. yasumotoi are presented here, described by the Kofoid system of thecal plates Po, 3', 7", 6c, 8s, 5"', 1p, 2"" with differences in cell shape, cell size, plates, pores around the apical pore plate by using light and scanning electron microscopy. The occurrence of these potentially toxic dinoflagellate species in Pakistani coastal areas of Manora Channel and Balochistan during high temperatures of 28-$32^{\circ}C$ is cause of concern for human health impacts from ciguatera fish poisoning.

• Ocean and Polar Research
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• 제34권1호
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• pp.65-71
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• 2012

Gambierdiscus toxicus, Adachi et. Fukuyo, is a benthic ciguatoxin-producing armored dinoflagellate, often attached to macroalgae. This organism is the primary causative agent of ciguatera fish poisoning which occurs in tropical and subtropical regions. However, regardless of the fact that the population of Gambierdiscus spp. has expanded to such temperate areas from sub-trophic and trophic areas, monitoring of G. toxicus has been lacking in the Korean coastal waters of temperate areas. This study was performed at the uninhabited Baekdo Islands off the southern coast of Korea and at Seopsom Island in the vicinity of Seogwipo, Jeju Province during April and May, 2011. Cell densities of Gambierdiscus spp. on macroalgae at Baekdo and Jeju Island ranged from zero to 56.4 cells $g^{-1}$. Maximum density was recorded on the brown alga Cladophora japonica at St. 3 of Jeju Island. In particular, the cell densities of Gambierdiscus spp. were influenced by the substrate characteristics of macroalgae. In the future, the continuous monitoring of toxic benthic dinoflagellate is necessary to predict and prevent ciguatera poisoning in Korean coastal waters.

• 한국어업기술학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국어업기술학회 2001년도 춘계 수산관련학회 공동학술대회발표요지집
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• pp.108-109
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• 2001

수산물 중 어류에서 식품 위생상 문제가 되는 자연독에는 복어독과 ciguatera 독이있다. 복어의 독성에 관해서는 일본을 중심으로 많이 연구되어 왔으며, 그 중 Tani (1945)가 보고한 일본 연안산 복어류의 독성에 관한 연구 결과는 지금도 많은 식품위생 관련서적에서 인용되어 독성 판단의 기준이 되고 있다. 그러나 우리나라에서 조사된 복어류의 독성은 Tani(1945)의 보고와 일부 차이가 있는 것으로 보고되고 있다. (중략)

• 환경생물
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• 제30권4호
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• pp.355-361
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• 2012

우리나라 전국연안에서 해조류에 부착한 저서성 부착 맹독와편모조류의 분포특성을 파악하기 위해서 2011년 11월 25일에서 30일 사이 조사하였다. 해조류에 부착하는 맹독와편모조류 Gambierdiscus spp.는 전국 27개 정점 중 5개 정점[St. 6 (전남고흥군), St. 9 (경남남해군), St. 18 (경북 포항시 구룡포), St. 20 (경북 영덕), St. 26 (강원도 양양)]에서 출현하였다. Ostreopsis spp.는 3개 정점의 해조류[St. 11 (잎꼬시래기, 붉은까막살, 애기풀가사리), St. 18 (진두발, 마디잘록이, 참곱슬이), St. 21 (붉은까막살, 마디잘록이, 큰잎모자반)]에서 출현하였으며, 그중, 정점 18에서는 극히 높은 개체수(140 cells $g^{-1}$)가 관찰되었다. Prorocentrum lima는 서해와 남해안에서는 거의 출현하지 않았으나, 동해해역 대부분의 정점에서 높은 밀도로 출현하였다. Coolia spp.는 서해와 남해안에서는 전혀 출현하지 않았으나, 동해해역 일부 정점에서 극히 낮은 밀도로 출현하였다. 결과적으로 아열대성 저서 와편모조류는 우리나라 대부분의 연안해역 (동해를 중심으로)에 정착하고 있다는 것을 확인 할 수 있었고, 그들의 개체수 밀도는 해조류의 기질과 관련이 있을 것이다.

• Molecules and Cells
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.121-128
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• 2006

Maitotoxin (MTX) is known as one of the most potent marine toxins involved in Ciguatera poisoning, but intracellular signaling pathways caused by MTX was not fully understood. Thus, we have investigated whether intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) are involved in MTX-induced cellular responses in human umbilical vein endothelial cells. MTX induced a dose-dependent increase of intracellular [$Ca^{2+}$]. MTX stimulated the production of intracellular ROS in a dose- and time-dependent manner, which was suppressed by BAPTA-AM, an intracellular $Ca^{2+}$ chelator. Ionomycin also elevated the ROS production in a dose-dependent manner. MTX elevated transamidation activity in a time-dependent manner and the activation was largely inhibited by transfection of tissue transglutaminase siRNA. The activation of tissue transglutaminase and ERK1/2 by MTX was suppressed by BAPTA-AM or ROS scavengers. In addition, MTX-induced cell death was significantly delayed by BAPTA-AM or a ROS scavenger. These results suggest that [$Ca^{2+}$]-dependent generation of intracellular ROS, at least in part, play an important role in MTX-stimulated cellular responses, such as activation of tTGase, ERK phosphorylation, and induction of cell death, in human umbilical vein endothelial cells.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제57권2호
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• pp.177-185
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• 2024

We developed a regional ocean climate model using dynamic downscaling in the Northwest Pacific Ocean to build a climate model for the Korean Peninsula. The past marine environment was reproduced through historical simulations, and the future marine environment in 2100 was predicted according to the shared socioeconomic pathways (SSP) climate change scenario. The future sea surface temperature of the Korean seas is predicted to rise about 1-4℃, and the increase in water temperature in the East Sea is expected to be the largest. The National Institute of Fisheries Science has monitored abnormal seawater temperatures such as high and low seawater temperatures in coastal and inland waters, and predicted that the number of high seawater temperature days in the East, West, South Sea, and the coast of Jeju Island will increase in the future. In addition, the occurrence of Ciguatera fish poison plankton around Jeju Island was projected to increase. This study is expected to provide accurate forecasting information for fishery issues. The aim of this study was to analyze future ocean environment changes around the Korean Peninsula using climate change SSP scenarios and predict fisheries issues through future projections of the regional ocean climate model.