• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• v.30 no.sup1
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• pp.170-173
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• 2001

Germinoma associated with chronic granulomatous inflammation of pineal gland has been rarely reported in the literature. The mechanism of chronic granulomatous inflammation is not understood well. We report a case of chronic granulomatous inflammation in pineal germinoma. In a 17 year-old male who suffered from headache and diplopia for six months, the mass of pineal gland was detected by brain MRI and removed through occipital transtentorial approach. The pathological specimen revealed the mass was predominantly composed of chronic granulomatous inflammation associated with small portion of germ cell tumor nests In the pathological interpretation of chronic granulomatous inflammation of pineal mass, it would be obliged to search for the presence of germ cell component.

• Korean Journal of Head & Neck Oncology
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.83-86
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• 2013

Some clinical diseases, such as granulomatous thyroiditis, tuberculosis, and sarcoidosis can cause granulomatous inflammation in thyroid, and theses have various clinical presentations. Granulomatous thyroiditis is an inflammation of thyroid gland, and may be painful and tender in case of infection, radiation, or trauma. Otherwise, autoimmune conditions, medications, or an idiopathic fibrosis may cause to be a painless thyroididtis. It is self-limited, possibly viral, inflammatory thyroid disorder usually presented with thyroid pain and systemic symptoms. Tuberculosis of the thyroid occurs only rarely and the patient may be asymptomatic. In thyroid sarcoidosis, most common findings are painless, progressive enlargement of the thyroid with normal function. We have experienced a case of chronic granulomatous inflammation of thyroid gland presenting as a painless thyroid nodule and report it with a review of literature.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.59 no.4
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• pp.196-201
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• 2016

Chronic granulomatous disease (CGD) is a rare inherited disorder caused by defective nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase enzyme and characterized by recurrent bacterial and fungal infections. Although liver abscess is a common manifestation of CGD, its management in CGD patients is not well-defined. In addition, the generalized guidelines for treating liver abscesses do not necessarily apply to CGD patients. Corticosteroids are commonly used to control granulomatous complications, such as inflammatory gastrointestinal and genitourinary lesions, in patients with CGD, Corticosteroids have also been used in combination with antimicrobials to treat refractory infections in patients with CGD. Because corticosteroids are capable of suppressing symptomatic inflammation, all potential infections must be adequately controlled prior to corticosteroid initiation. We report 3 typical CGD cases with liver abscesses refractory to conventional treatments that were successfully treated with the concomitant use of corticosteroid and antimicrobials. It remains unclear whether corticosteroid therapy is required for liver abscesses in CGD refractory to conventional treatments. However, based on our observations, use of corticosteroids in combination with optimal antimicrobials should be considered for refractory liver abscesses in CGD.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• v.39 no.1
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• pp.63-67
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• 2014

This is a case report of chronic maxillary sinusitis caused by root canal overfilling of Calcipex II (Techno-Dent). A 60 year-old male complained of dull pain in the right maxillary molar area after complicated endodontic treatment using Calcipex II paste and was finally diagnosed with a chronic maxillary sinusitis through a clinical and radiological observation. In the biopsy examination, the periapical granuloma contained a lot of dark and translucent Calcipex II granules which were not stained with hematoxylin and eosin. They were usually engulfed by macrophages but rarely resorbed, resulting in scattering and migrating into antral mucosa. Most of the Calcipex II granules were also accumulated in the cytoplasms of secretory columnar epithelial cells, and small amount of Calcipex II granules were gradually secreted into sinus lumen by exocytosis. However, chronic granulomatous inflammation occurred without the additional recruitment of polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs) and lymphocytes, and many macrophages which engulfed the Calcipex II granules were finally destroyed in the processes of cellular apoptosis. It is presumed that Calcipex II granules are likely to have a causative role to induce the granulomatous foreign body inflammation in the periapical region, and subsequently to exacerbate the chronic maxillary sinusitis in this study.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.66 no.4
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• pp.309-313
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• 2009

There are several respiratory diseases that show chronic granulomatous inflammation for the histologic finding. Among them, sarcoidosis and tuberculosis are not easy to differentiate when the clinical and radiological features present similar patterns. The increasing incidence of nontuberculous mycobacteria pulmonary disease is making it more difficult for clinicians to arrive at a proper diagnosis. A 69 year old male patient visited our hospital with chronic cough as his chief compliant. His radiologic findings were multiple enlarged mediastinal lymphadenpathies with innumerable micronodules and multiple patch infiltrations. The spleen biopsy finding showed chronic granulomatous inflammation, and Mycobacterium avium was identified on the bronchoscopic culture. Because of these findings, we treated him with drugs for nontuberculous mycobacteria disease other than sarcoidosis. However, during the treatment, his symptoms and radiological features became aggravated. Thus, we reviewed the radiologic and pathologic findings and decided to treat him with steroid, which relieved his symptoms and improved the radiologic findings. We report here on a case of sarcoidosis that was initially misdiagnosed as nontuberculous mycobacteria pulmonary disease.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• v.52 no.5
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• pp.495-497
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• 2012

Isolated tuberculosis of the coccyx is extremely rare. A 35-year-old man presented with a 3-month history of coccygeal and gluteal pain. Computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging revealed osseous destruction and a large enhancing mass involving the coccyx with anterior and posterior extension. Pathologic examination of the surgical specimen revealed necrosis, chronic granulomatous inflammation, and multinucleated giant cells consistent with tuberculosis. This case highlights the importance of considering tuberculosis as a diagnosis even though unusual sites are involved.

• Korean Journal of Radiology
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• v.24 no.8
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• pp.795-806
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• 2023

Occupational lung diseases (OLD) are a group of preventable conditions caused by noxious inhalation exposure in the workplace. Workers in various industries are at a higher risk of developing OLD. Despite regulations contributing to a decreased incidence, OLD remain among the most frequently diagnosed work-related conditions, contributing to significant morbidity and mortality. A multidisciplinary discussion (MDD) is necessary for a timely diagnosis. Imaging, particularly computed tomography, plays a central role in diagnosing OLD and excluding other inhalational lung diseases. OLD can be broadly classified into fibrotic and non-fibrotic forms. Imaging reflects variable degrees of inflammation and fibrosis involving the airways, parenchyma, and pleura. Common manifestations include classical pneumoconioses, chronic granulomatous diseases (CGD), and small and large airway diseases. Imaging is influenced by the type of inciting exposure. The findings of airway disease may be subtle or solely uncovered upon expiration. High-resolution chest CT, including expiratory-phase imaging, should be performed in all patients with suspected OLD. Radiologists should familiarize themselves with these imaging features to improve diagnostic accuracy.

• Journal of Korean Foot and Ankle Society
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.234-238
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• 2005

Epithelioid sarcoma is a rare tumor which is usually presented with a nontender nodule on a distal extremity. It is sometimes confused with granulomatous process or chronic inflammation. We report of a case of epithelioid sarcoma on a foot of an adult male, which progressed rapidly.

• Advances in pediatric surgery
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• v.1 no.2
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• pp.200-203
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• 1995

Splenic tuberculosis is an uncommonly considered diagnosis in clinical practice. This is a case report of splenic tuberculosis in a 13-year-old boy who was seronegative to HIV. He was just well until 7 days prior to this admission when he started to feel epigastric and left subchondral pain. Chest X-ray was not pathological. Abdominal ultrasonography showed slight splenomegaly with multiple hypoechoic nodules and abdominal CT disclosed multiple irregular hypodense lesions in the spleen. Radiological interpretation suggested the possibility of lymphoma or metastatic malignancy. Splenectomy was done and the histopathological findings showed extensive chronic granulomatous inflammation compatible with tuberculosis. Splenic tuberculosis must be included in the differential diagnosis of hypoechoic and hypodense lesions by means of sonography and computed tomography, respectively.

• Journal of environmental and Sanitary engineering
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• v.3 no.1 s.4
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• pp.1-8
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• 1988

It has been reported that the pulmonary mycosis generally results from saprophytic colonization of pre-existing lung cavities usually due to pulmonary tuberculosis etc. Culture of homogenized tissues yield pure colony of slightly brown on the Sabouraud dextrose medium. The fungus was identified as the Scophulariopsis brevieaulis which had been rarely reported in pulmonary fungal infection. Histopathological examination of excised tissues revealed a chronic granulomatous inflammation and many branched hyphal mass. Susceptibility tests were tested with ketoconazole, griseofulvin, nystatin, and amphotericin B. Of these antifungal agents, ketoconazole and griseofulvin proved to be most effective and minimum inhibitory concentration was $10{\mu}g/ml,\;50 {\mu}g/ml$, respectively.