• Annals of Clinical Neurophysiology
• /
• 제7권2호
• /
• pp.110-113
• /
• 2005

Patients of chronic alcoholism may show many kinds of complications such as myopathy, nutritional problems, peripheral neuropathy, withdrawal seizure and encephalopathies. We report an unusual case of alcoholic myopathy diagnosed with typical laboratory and pathological findings initially manifested as acute reversible encephalopathy showing transient abnormalities on brain MRI.

• The Korean journal of internal medicine
• /
• 제33권6호
• /
• pp.1070-1078
• /
• 2018

Vibrio vulnificus is a gram-negative bacterium that can cause serious, potentially fatal infections. V. vulnificus causes three distinct syndromes: an overwhelming primary septicemia caused by consuming contaminated seafood, wound infections acquired when an open wound is exposed to contaminated warm seawater, and gastrointestinal tract-limited infections. Case-fatality rates are higher than 50% for primary septicemia, and death typically occurs within 72 hours of hospitalization. Risk factors for V. vulnificus infection include chronic liver disease, alcoholism, and hematological disorders. When V. vulnificus infection is suspected, appropriate antibiotic treatment and surgical interventions should be performed immediately. Third-generation cephalosporin with doxycycline, or quinolone with or without third-generation cephalosporin, may be potential treatment options for patients with V. vulnificus infection.

• Journal of Preventive Veterinary Medicine
• /
• 제42권4호
• /
• pp.177-181
• /
• 2018

Disulfiram is a drug used to treat alcohol dependence. Recent studies have shown that disulfiram also has anti-cancer effects. Considering that many anti-cancer agents have side effects, including immunosuppression, it is important to check if disulfiram has some cytotoxicity to immune cells. In this study, mouse spleen cells were treated with disulfiram and the metabolic activity was measured. Disulfiram increased the cell death of spleen cells according to annexin V-FITC/PI staining analysis. In addition, disulfiram decreased the mitochondrial membrane potential of spleen cells. The toxicity of disulfiram was concentration dependent. Interestingly, disulfiram affected the population of lymphocytes and the subset of spleen cells was altered. This study provides clinicians and researchers with valuable information regarding the toxicity of disulfiram to mouse spleen cells, particularly lymphocytes.

• 대한약학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 대한약학회 2003년도 Proceedings of the Convention of the Pharmaceutical Society of Korea Vol.2-2
• /
• pp.191.3-192
• /
• 2003

Alnus japonica (Betulaceae) has been traditionally used for purifying blood, and curing feces containing blood, enteritis, diarrhea, alcoholism and cut wounds. In the current work, activity guided isolation of the butanol fraction of the Alnus japonica bark led to the isolation of catechin-7-O-${\beta}$-D-apiofuranoside. Anti-inflammatory activity was determined with carrageenan-induced paw edema in mice as an acute inflammation, complete Freund's adjuvant-induced arthritis as a chronic inflammation. Carrageenan- induced paw edema in mice was significantly inhibited at 0.5, 1, 2, and 3 hr after carrageenan injection by administration of the flavonoid glycoside at the dose of 150mg/kg. (omitted)

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
• /
• 제52권3호
• /
• pp.234-239
• /
• 2012

Objective : Chronic subdural hematoma (CSDH) is a typical disease that is encountered frequently in neurosurgical practice. The medications which could cause coagulopathies were known as one of the risk factors of CSDH, such as anticoagulants (ACs) and antiplatelet agents (APs). Recently, the number of patients who are treated with ACs/APs is increasing, especially in the elderly population. With widespread use of these drugs, there is a need to study the changes in risk factors of CSDH patients. Methods : We retrospectively reviewed 290 CSDH patients who underwent surgery at our institute between 1996 and 2010. We classified them into three groups according to the time of presentation (Group A : the remote period group, 1996-2000, Group B : the past period group, 2001-2005, and Group C : the recent period group, 2006-2010). Also, we performed the comparative analysis of independent risk factors between three groups. Results : Among the 290 patients, Group A included 71 patients (24.5%), Group B included 98 patients (33.8%) and Group C included 121 patients (41.7%). Three patients (4.2%) in Group A had a history of receiving ACs/APs, 8 patients (8.2%) in Group B, and 19 patients (15.7%) in Group C. Other factors such as head trauma, alcoholism, epilepsy, previous neurosurgery and underlying disease having bleeding tendency were also evaluated. In ACs/APs related cause of CSDH in Group C, significantly less proportion of the patients are associated with trauma or alcohol compared to the non-medication group. Conclusion : In this study, the authors concluded that ACs/APs have more importance as a risk factor of CSDH in the recent period compared to the past. Therefore, doctors should prescribe these medications carefully balancing the potential risk and benefit.

• 정신신체의학
• /
• 제10권1호
• /
• pp.55-60
• /
• 2002

중심성 뇌교 수초용해 (CPM) 및 뇌교의 수초용해(EPM) 은 대사 이상을 수반하는 여러 질환에서 뇌 세포 내외의 삼투질농도의 급속한 변화와 관련하여 발생하는 신경학적 질환이다. 저자들은 당뇨병성 신중에 의한 만성 신부전으로 신장이식을 받은 43세 남자 환자에서 발현한 CPM과 EPM 증례를 보고하였다. 환자는 망상, 연상이완, 환각, 부적절한 정동, 공격성, 기억장애 등을 수반한 정산병적 증상과 언어실조를 특징적으로 보인 경우로서, CPM과 EPM에서 비교적 드물게 발생하는 정신증상, 특히 정신병적 증상을 보인 증례이기에, 정선과적으로 중요한 임상적 의의를 가진다고 판단하여 문헌고찰과 함께 보고하는 바이다.

• 분석과학
• /
• 제33권3호
• /
• pp.151-158
• /
• 2020

일반적인 음료처럼 주변에 손쉽게 구할 수 있는 알코올(술)은 남용 및 중독 섭취로 인하여 사망에 이를 수 있을 만큼 유해한 물질이므로 적정량의 음주량을 유지하고 올바른 음주습관을 가지는 것이 중요하다. 뿐만 아니라 적정량 이상의 알코올을 장기간 섭취함으로써 야기될 수 있는 행동장애 및 판단장애로 인해 일어나는 사건 또한 상당하므로, 각종 사건, 사고에서 관련자가 음주 상태였는지, 그리고 관련자의 알코올 중독 여부를 확인하는 것이 법과학적으로 매우 중요하다. 현재 우리나라에서는 혈액이나 뇨에서 알코올 농도 혹은 알코올 대사체인 ethyl glucuronide (EtG)를 검출하는 것으로 알코올 섭취 여부를 판단하고 있다. 하지만 혈액이나 뇨에서 알코올이나 EtG를 검출하는 것은 검출 가능 시간이 짧기 때문에 비교적 최근 음주에 대한 정보만을 알 수 있다는 한계가 있다. 그러므로 오랫동안 알코올 대사체가 존재할 수 있는 모발에서 EtG를 검출하여, 장기간의 음주 여부와 주취 정도를 분석하고 알코올 중독 여부를 진단하고자 하였다. 이번 연구에서는 지속적인 음주를 하는 한국인의 모발 시료를 대상으로, 일관성 있으면서 효율적으로 모발에서 EtG를 추출 및 전처리 하는 방법을 정립하고 이를 LC-MS/MS를 이용하여 정성 정량하는 분석법을 확립하였으며, 평소 음주를 하는 사회 음주자의 실제 모발과 만성 알코올 중독이 의심되는 변사자의 모발을 대상으로 EtG를 분석해 보았다. 이 연구 결과는 한국인의 알코올 중독 진단 및 치료 과정에서 금주를 모니터링 하는 데 유용할 뿐만 아니라, 양육권 관련 법적 절차나 운전면허 재발급 및 갱신 등을 위한 절차에 근거로 응용할 수도 있을 것이다. 또한 변사자들의 알코올 남용에 대한 확실한 객관적 지표를 제공함으로써 보다 명확한 사인을 규명하는데 법과학적 응용 가능성이 기대된다.

• 생물정신의학
• /
• 제6권1호
• /
• pp.119-124
• /
• 1999

This study was done to examine whether cigarette smoking improved smooth pursuit eye movement(SPEM) abnormalities in chronic schizophrenic inpatients. Fifteen schizophrenic and twelve alcoholic subjects abstained from their usual cigarette smoking for a minimum of nine hours and their baseline performances during the constant velocity smooth pursuit tasks were assessed. Then, the subjects smoked as much as they desired in a 10 minutes period and were retested immediately after smoking and 15 minutes after smoking. Electrooculographic recordings during the eye movements were converted and saved as digitized files. Power spectral density curves and natural logarithm value of signal/noise(Ln S/N) ratios were computed from them. In the schizophrenic patients, Ln S/N ratios increased significantly immediately after smoking compared to baseline. But, Ln S/N ratios showed no statistically significant changes after 15 minutes compared to baseline. In alcoholic subjects, Ln S/N ratios showed no statistically significant changes immediately after smoking and after 15 minutes compared to baseline. In conclusion, SPEM was improved in schizophrenic patients immediately after smoking and we hypothesized that nicotinic receptor dysfunction maybe a candidate mechanism for smooth pursuit eye movement abnormalities in schizophrenia.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
• /
• 제31권4호
• /
• pp.708-715
• /
• 1998

Chronic abuse of alcohol can lead to the development of folate deficiency due to inadequate folate intaike, excessive urinary excretion and from effects of ethanol on folate absorption and metabolism . To investigate the effects of alcohol and folate intake on folate metabolism, the rates were raised for 4 and 10 weeks on experimental diets containing 0, 2 8mg folate/kg diet, and were administered 50% ethanol(1.8$m\ell$/kg body weight) three times a week intragastrically. Plasma and tissue folate concentrations were found to be significantly influenced by dietary folate level. In animals fed on folate-deficient diet, concentrations of folate in the plasma, liver and kidney were decreased by 60-89% compared to those on folate-adequate diet, and ther values were further decreased with experimental period. Folate supplementation increased plasma and tissue folate levels significantly by 16-78% compared to those on folate-adequate diet, and the folate levels in the plasma and liver were affected most by the supplementation. Alcohol administration did not seem to influence folate status in the body significantly when animals were raised on folate-deficient diet. However, when rats were fed folate-adequate or folate-supplemented diet, alcohol was shown to decrease plasma and tissue folate concentrations. Among the animals receiving alcohol, folate concentrations in the plasma and tissues were significantly higher when animals fed folate-supplemented diet compared to folate adequate diet. Alcohol seems to exert differential effects on urinary foalte excretion by experimental period it increased urinary folate in the 4-week period, but lowered foalte excretion in the urine when the experimental period was extended to 10 weeks. Alcohol did not seem to influence folate excretion in the feces. These results indicate that folate supplementation might be beneficial in ameliorating the inadequate folate status that might occur with chronic alcoholism.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
• /
• 제51권2호
• /
• pp.207-212
• /
• 2013

Chronic diarrhea with a 35 kg weight loss (75 kg to 40 kg) occurred during 2 years in an alcoholic patient was diagnosed with Isospora belli infection in the Republic of Korea. The patient, a 70-year old Korean male, had been a heavy drinker for more than 30 years. He was admitted to the Seoul National University Hospital because of long-standing diarrhea and severe weight loss. He had an increased white blood cell (WBC) count with high peripheral blood eosinophilia (36.8-39.9%) and lowered protein and albumin levels but without any evidence of immunosuppression. A parasitic infection was suspected and fecal examination was repeated 3 times with negative results. Peroral endoscopy with mural biopsy was performed in the upper jejunum. The biopsy specimens revealed villous atrophy with loss of villi together with various life cycle stages of I. belli, including trophozoites, schizonts, merozoites, macrogamonts, and microgamonts. The patient was treated successfully with oral doses of trimethoprim 160-320 mg and sulfamethoxazole 800-1,600 mg daily for 4 weeks. A follow-up evaluation at 2.5 years later revealed marked improvement of body weight (68 kg), increased protein and albumin levels, and normal WBC count with low eosinophils (3.1%). This is the first clinical case of isoporiasis with demonstration of various parasitic stages in the Republic of Korea.