• Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.129-137
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• 2007

Purpose: It has been reported that children with chronic pain have higher levels of anxiety than age-matched controls. Therefore, this study was designed to determine the relationship between anxiety and recurrent abdominal pain in elementary school children. Methods: In 2005, we surveyed 1,254 elementary school children (592 boys and 662 girls) whose ages ranged from 7 to 12 years. The degree of trait and state anxiety was compared between agroup suffering from intermittent abdominal pain, a group suffering from recurrent abdominal pain and a normal control group following the Korean version of Spielberger's State-Trait Anxiety Inventory YZ form (STAI-YZ). Results: 709 (56.5%) and 69 (5.5%) of the patients reported intermittent abdominal pain and and recurrent abdominal pain, respectively, during the 12 month period before this study was conducted, and trait and state anxiety values for each of these groups was 116 (9.3%) and 63 (5.0%), respectively. In addition, the State-Trait Anxiety score was significantly higher in the group with intermittent abdominal pain and RAP than the anxiety score of the normal control group. Additionally, the STAI-YZ score increased in proportion to the severity of abdominal pain, but was not correlated with the duration, frequency, onset time or location of abdominal pain. Furthermore, the proportion of the group with abdominal pain in the group that had trait or state anxiety was significantly higher than the proportion of the group that did not have trait and state anxiety. Conclusion: Recurrent abdominal pain during childhood is correlated with state and trait anxiety, therefore, psychological factors, such as anxiety duringtreatment, must also be considered when determining the cause of recurrent abdominal pain.

• Journal of Pharmacopuncture
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.26-31
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• 2015

Objectives: This study used semiology based on traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) to investigate vital energy (Qi) behavior in women with abdominal myofascial pain syndrome (AMPS). Methods: Fifty women diagnosed with chronic pelvic pain (CPP) secondary to AMPS were evaluated by using a questionnaire based on the theories of "yin-yang," "zang-fu", and "five elements". We assessed the following aspects of the illness: symptomatology; specific location of myofascial trigger points (MTrPs); onset, cause, duration and frequency of symptoms; and patient and family history. The patients tongues, lips, skin colors, and tones of speech were examined. Patients were questioned on various aspects related to breathing, sweating, sleep quality, emotions, and preferences related to color, food, flavors, and weather or seasons. Thirst, gastrointestinal dysfunction, excreta (feces and urine), menstrual cycle, the five senses, and characteristic pain symptoms related to headache, musculoskeletal pain, abdomen, and chest were also investigated. Results: Patients were between 22 and 56 years old, and most were married (78%), possessed a elementary school (66%), and had one or two children (76%). The mean body mass index and body fat were 26.86 kg/cm2 (range: 17.7 - 39.0) and 32.4% (range: 10.7 - 45.7), respectively. A large majority of women (96%) exhibited alterations in the kidney meridian, and 98% had an altered gallbladder meridian. We observed major changes in the kidney and the gallbladder Qi meridians in 76% and 62% of patients, respectively. Five of the twelve meridians analyzed exhibited Qi patterns similar to pelvic innervation Qi and meridians, indicating that the paths of some of these meridians were directly related to innervation of the pelvic floor and abdominal region. Conclusion: The women in this study showed changes in the behavior of the energy meridians, and the paths of some of the meridians were directly related to innervation of the pelvic floor and abdominal region.

• The Korean Journal of Pain
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.251-254
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• 2007

Perineal pain is a significant diagnostic challenge to the pain practitioner, and accurate diagnosis and treatment is essential. We report a case of 42-years old female patient suffering from excruciating vulvodynia for 5 years. Her pain on the visual analogue scale was 10 out of 10 and her pain was associated with sleep disturbance, dyspareunia, and chronic fatigue. She was diagnosed with a bladder stone by imaging, and The pain was relieved by cystolitholapaxy.

• Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.143-146
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• 2016

Pediatric mesenteric panniculitis is an extremely rare disease of unknown etiology characterized by chronic inflammation, fat necrosis, and fibrosis in the mesenteric adipose tissue. A previously healthy 13-year-old boy was admitted because of right upper abdominal pain. An abdominal computed tomography scan revealed increased attenuation and enhancement in the left upper abdominal omental fat and anterior peritoneal wall thickening. A laparoscopic biopsy showed mesenteric panniculitis with chronic inflammation, adiponecrosis, and septal fibrosis. Serological tests for autoimmune diseases, nested polymerase chain reaction for Mycobacterium tuberculosis, and special immunohistochemical stains for malignancy were all negative. Symptomatic improvement and improved abnormal findings were achieved after an 8-month treatment with prednisolone according to a follow-up abdominal computed tomography scan. Here, we report a case of pediatric mesenteric panniculitis treated with prednisolone.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine
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• v.17 no.2 s.32
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• pp.394-404
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• 1996

Epilepsy is a chronic cerebral. disease resulting from a variety of factors, which is a syndrome with chief complaint of recurrent seizure caused by abnormal electrical discharge of cerebral nerve cell, while the clinical result showed that epilepsia occurs more frequently in pediatrics. A Child having the chief complaint of recerrent vomiting for 2 months undergone the brain and abdominal C.T, MRI, and gastric endoscopy, when the child was normal. While vomiting gas too serious to administer a medicine, a cyclic vomiting repeated with its discontinuation for 2-3 days after continuation for 10 days. As a result, the child visited the ambulatorium of our hospital and then was hospitalized and treated over two times, when there was a remarkably improvement. There was no any particular complaint for 1 year and 2 months, then, the child complained moderate headache. For thjs reason, we performed again electroencephalography, when there appeared in epilepsia opinion. Since then, we have experienced a case of autonomic nervous seizure which was significantly improved by anticonvulsant, and a therapy by using the phlegm resolvents and central stimulants for treating epilepsy(豁痰醒腦治癎法) as an oriental medicine. Therefore, it is to report both treatment view of oriental medicine and analysis on Oriental and Western medical literatures.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.39 no.10 s.267
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• pp.782-785
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• 2006

Chronic pulmonary obstructive disease is known to be a significant risk factor for mortality in patients who under-went operation for abdominal aortic aneurysm. To decrease perioperative respiratory complication in these patients, maintenance of self respiration as possible is one of the better method. A seventy-seven year old male patient complained of abdominal pain and he was diagnosed for 9 cm sized abdominal aortic aneurysm. But he had severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease which was expected to increase surgical mortality. So we introduced epidural anesthesia with maintenance of self respiration and performed surgical resection and graft replacement of abdominal aorta, and he recovered without any complication.

• Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.239-242
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• 2004

Eosinophilic gastroenteritis is a rare condition of unknown etiology characterized by peripheral eosinophilia, eosinophilic infiltration of the gastrointestinal tract, and gastrointestinal symptoms. Eosinophilic gastroenteritis is generally classified according to the Klain classification: predominant mucosal, muscular, and subserosal disease. Mucosal involvement may result in abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, weight loss, anemia, protein-losing enteropathy, and intestinal perforation. Patients with muscular layer disease generally have obstructive symptoms. Subserosal eosinophilic infiltration may result in development of eosinophilic ascites. Most commonly, the stomach, duodenum, and small bowel are involved. A 13-year-old girl came to our hospital presenting with chronic, intermittent abdominal pain. She showed peripheral eosinophilia and biopsy specimen of the duodenum revealed eosinophilic infiltration of the mucosal layer. We here report a case of eosinophilic gastroenteritis.

• Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.94-99
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• 2017

Purpose: Abdominal cysts of gastrointestinal origin are rare. Their rarity and varied clinical presentations make their pre-operative diagnosis difficult. Methods: Fourteen patients with histological diagnosis of cysts of gastrointestinal origin admitted between 2009 and 2015 were retrospectively analyzed with respect to age, sex, clinical presentation, diagnostic modality, site and type of cyst, management, outcome and follow-up. Results: The mean age at presentation was 4 years and there were six males and eight females. Abdominal pain was the most common presenting symptom. Five patients had an acute presentation-three had distal ileal mesenteric cysts and two had ileal duplication cyst sharing a common wall with ileum. Six patients presented with chronic abdominal pain and lump-three patients had omental cysts and three had mesenteric cysts-two of these in distal ileum and one in sigmoid colon. Two patients presented with antenatally diagnosed palpable abdominal lump. One had a mesenteric cyst of the ileum and the other had a distal ileal duplication cyst which required excision with resection and anastomosis. One patient had an atypical presentation. He was a known case of sickle cell trait and had presented with vague abdominal pain, recurrent cough and multiple episodes of haemoptysis over a period of one year. At laparotomy, gastric duplication cyst was found which was excised completely. Histopathology confirmed the diagnosis. Conclusion: Cysts of gastrointestinal origin are rare and have varied presentation. Surgical excision is the mainstay of treatment. The results and prognosis are good.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.76 no.5
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• pp.240-244
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• 2014

Pancreaticothoracic fistula is a rare complication of acute or chronic alcoholic pancreatitis. It may present with various symptoms, like dyspnea, abdominal pain, cough, chest pain, fever, back pain, hemoptysis, fatigue, or orthopnea. Pancreaticothoracic fistula can be detected by magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography (MRCP), endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP), or computed tomography. MRCP has high sensitivity and fewer side effects, and thus it has recently been recommended as the first choice for the detection of pancreaticothoracic fistula. On the other hand, ERCP enables the detection and treatment of pancreaticothoracic fistula and allows for stent insertion; for this reason it is a commonly used modality in pancreaticothoracic fistula cases. Herein, the authors describe a case of pancreaticothoracic fistula detected by ERCP and MRCP that manifested only respiratory symptoms, namely hemoptysis and pneumothorax without abdominal pain, which commonly accompanies pancreatitis.

• The Journal of Korean Obstetrics and Gynecology
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.218-227
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• 2002

Pelvic Inflammatory Disease(PID) is a spectrum of inflammatory disorders of the female genital tract involving at least the endrometrium and may include the fallopian tubes, ovaries, and pelvic cavity. Women with PID acutely experience pain and are at risk for sepsis; however, the long-term complications such as chronic pelvic pain, organic changes like chronic salpingitis, adhesions, etc., and the significant increases in ectopic pregnancy and infertility are more important and hard to control. This study is about one patient who has chronic PID with inflammatory pelvic mass. The patient was treated with retention enema therapy which use herbs effective for reducing inflammation, resolution abdominal mass, promoting blood circulation. Also, treated with herbal medication of Danchisoyosan(丹梔逍遙散) and Moxibution at Zhongwan(中脘), Guanyuan(關元). After total treatment for three months, the patient's symptoms are improved and the size of inflammatory pelvic mass is reduced. This results indicates that the combination treatment, especially the retention enema therapy is effective on reducing symptoms of PID and the size of secondary inflammatory organic changes.