• Applied Microscopy
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.65-75
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• 1987

The ultrastructure of the cutaneous chromatophores and the origin of pigment granules in the goldfish, Carassius auratus L., are studied with electron microscope. Leucophores contain amorphous pigment granules, leucosomes and melanosomes contain oval shaped electron dense melanin pigment granules. These pigment granules are synthesized from the Golgi complexes of each chromatophores and released into the cytoplasm. Among the dermal chromatophores, another kind of dermal cells, named rER rich cells, are also observed. And pinocytotic vesicles are being formed only the inner surface of the chromatophores adhering to the rER rich cells. From these observations, such hypothesis are being possible that pigment materials are synthesized and transfered from the rER rich cells to dermal chromatophores by the pinocytosis. And next remodelizing mechanisms are carried out by the Golgi complexes of each chromatophores.

• Applied Microscopy
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• 제27권1호
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• pp.71-86
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• 1997

상처치유과정중 관상어류 피부 색소체계의 재분화경로를 규명하기 위하여 외부 색채가 화려한 담수산 금붕어 (Carassius auratus L.)를 실험재료로 하여 피부의 일정부위에 인위적인 상처를 유도한 후, 시간 경과에 따른 조직과 색소 체계의 치유과정을 고배율의 투과 전자현미경으로 관찰하였다. 금붕어 피부 색소세포는 정상조직에서 황색소세포, 백색소세포 그리고 혹색소세포 등 세 종류의 진피성 색소세포로 이루어져 있었다. 황색소세포에는 pterinosome과 carotenoid vesicle 등 두 종류의 색소과립이 분포되어 있었고, 백색소세포와 혹색소세포에는 무정형 색소결정인 leucosome과 전자밀도가 높은 구형의 색소과립인 melamosome이 각각 함유되어 있었다. 초기 상처치유반응은 상처 유도직 후에 표면 손상부위로 전이되는 상피세포와 혈구세포에 의하여 수행되었다. 상처 유도후 $5\sim7$일이 경과된 조직의 표본에서는 조면소포체가 특이하게 발달되어 진피성 색소세포의 공통 원기로 추정되는 세포의 출현이 확인되었다. 또한 재생된 조직내에서 재분화된 색소세포는 상처유도 후 3주가 경과된 표본에서 처음 관찰되었다. 색소과립의 재분화 경로는 세포 내에서의 색소과립 형성 과정과 마찬가지로 색소세포내에 잘 발달된 조면소포체와 골지체를 경유한 후, 분비소포의 형태로 생성림이 확인되었다. 그리고 재분화된 색소세포로 유입되는 색소 원기물질은 음세포과립을 통하여 수송되었는데, 특히 조면소포체가 풍부한 원기세포와 연접된 색소세포의 원형질막에서 매우 활발한 물질의 수송이 관찰되었다. 한편, 각 색소세포의 일차적인 재분화과정은 상처 유도후 4주가 경과되어 피부 상처가 치유되는 시점을 전후하여 완료되었으나, 재분화된 색소세포의 수나 분포밀도는 충분한 체색발현을 위한 상태에 비해 크게 미달되는 것으로 분석되었다. 따라서 특별한 환경의 변화가 없는 한, 상처유도 이전의 색소체계와 동일한 상태로의 복구에는 적어도 3개월 이상이 소요되는 것으로 확인되었다.

• 한국동물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국동물학회 1999년도 공동 춘계학술대회
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• pp.59.1-59
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• 1999

No Abstract, See Full Text

• Applied Microscopy
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.35-48
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• 1986

Ultrastructures of the cutaneous xanthophores and formation of pigment granules in the goldfish, Carassius auratus L., are studied with electron microscope. The cutaneous xanthophores are observed only in dermis and pigment granules of these pigment cells are pterinosomes and carotenoid vesicles. By the differentiated level, pterinosomes are subdivided into 3 types; while type I pterinosomes have clear limiting membranes and contain some amorphous fine fibrous structures, type II pterinosomes have thick and densely aggregated fibrous materials. Type III pterinosomes have concentric lamellar structures in the granules. Pigment granules of the xanthophores are originated from the Golgi complexes and pinocytotic vesicles of plasma membrane as well as rER-rich cells among the chromatophores are presumed to be associated with the accumulation of pigment materials.

• Applied Microscopy
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• 제28권4호
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• pp.503-512
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• 1998

Fine structure of the cutaneous pigments in the black widow spider, Latrodectus mactans are studied with light and electron microscopes. The cutaneous pigments are only observed in epidermal layer just beneath the cuticle. These pigments are compactly distributed around the spinnerets which located at caudal area of the abdomen. According to the fine structural characteristics of the pigment granules, two main types of guanine pigment granules-carotenoid vesicles and reflecting platelets - are observed in the cytoplasm of the epidermal cells. Morphological features of these pigment granules are characterized as the electron dense carotenoid vesicles and the electron lucent reflecting platelets. Marginal electron density of the carotenoid vesicle is different from that of internal region, whereas the reflecting platelets have laminated crystalline granules. Typiral structures of these pigment granules are very similar to those of invertebrate's chromatophores, especially erythrophores and iridophores. Moreover differentiation of these pigment granules are also originated from the small vesicles of Golgi complexes similarly to those of cutaneous chromatophores.

• Animal Systematics, Evolution and Diversity
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• 제36권4호
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• pp.304-308
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• 2020

Ovigerous crab of Echinoecus nipponicus of subfamily Eumedoninae in Pilumnidae was collected from Seogwipo, Jejudo and hatched in the laboratory. The first zoeal stage of E. nipponicus is reported for the first time in the world and its digital image of live zoeas is provided. The first zoea of E. nipponicus has yellowish red chromatophores which occurring behind eyes, on dorsal spine and on anterior margin of telson, reddish brown chromatophores on abdominal somites 2-5 ventrally, dorsal, rostral, and lateral spines shorter than carapace length, three aesthetascs and two setae on the antennule, two medial setae on the antennal exopod, lateral processes on the abdominal somites 2, 3, and two lateral spine and one dorsomedial spine on the telson.

• 한국농촌생활과학회지
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.1-6
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• 1999

Dyeing and discoloration effects on the fabrics of cotton, silk and rayon with unriped persimmon juice were investigated. Color of dyed fabrics treated with persimmon juice only, added 3% tartaric acid or 3% aluminium sulfate was not different each other. Dyeing assistants such as tartaric acid or aluminium sulfate were effective on the prevention from discoloration of dyed fabrics and ultraviolet rays. Discoloration were supposed to derive from tannin in unriped persimmon, ultraviolet rays, oxygen, enzyme and so on, ultraviolet rays at wavelength of 253.7nm was the most active the chromatophores and discoloration. The fabrics could be dyed, when unriped persimmon juice was store at low temperature or freezing.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제54권3호
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• pp.340-349
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• 2021

Three specimens (33.6-44.8 mm in standard length) of the family Bregmacerotidae, collected from the waters off south-western Jeju-do Island in October 2016, were identified as Bregmaceros nectabanus on the basis of morphological and molecular methods (DNA barcoding). This species is characterized by having 50-52 2nd dorsal fin rays, 52-53 anal fin rays, 13 principal caudal fin rays, an unpigmented abdomen, irregularly distributed dorsal chromatophores, and the origin of a dorsal fin slightly behind the anal fin. This is the first reliable record of B. nectabanus in Korea. According to Yoo et al. (1992), we propose a Korean name "Tae-Pyeong-Yang-Nal-Gae-Myeol" for this species. Also, we suggest key to species of these eight bregmacerotids from the northwestern Pacific.

• Animal Systematics, Evolution and Diversity
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• 제38권2호
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• pp.83-90
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• 2022

Ovigerous crab of Sphaerozius nitidus of the family Menippidae was collected from Geojedo, Gyeongsangnamdo and hatched in the laboratory. Digital imaging of live zoeas of the first zoea stage of S. nitidus has been reported for the first time in the world, and its morphology has been redescribed and illustrated. This study is different from former study in that it has three unequal setae with exopod of antenna, 5+4 setae with basial endite of maxilla, and dorsomedial spine and lateral minute spine with fork of telson. The first zoea of S. nitidus has black pigments occurring behind the eyes, on the dorsal spine medially and on the basis of lateral carapace spines, on basal of basis of maxillipeds 1, 2, and posterior margins of somites 1-5, and yellowish green chromatophores on the dorsal spine.

• Journal of Photoscience
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.350-352
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• 2002

We examined the bacteriochlorophyill/bacteriopheophytin ratios in several species of purple bacteria containing only LHI. The pigment ratios depended greatly on species. Further, Rhodospirillum rubrum showed wide variation when grown under different light intensity, and Rhodobium marinum showed significant variation from culture to culture even under the same light conditions. The protein ratios of a/RC and $\beta$/RC estimated by SDS-PAGE of chromatophores of Rsp. rubrum and Rbi. marinum exhibited the ratio of $\beta$/$\alpha$ > 1. These findings gave us the novel idea that there are two types of LHl; one is a C-shaped open antenna composed by $\alpha$$\beta$ units surrounding a RC, and another is a small closed ring antenna composed by $\alpha$$\beta$ units located peripherally in a variable ratio to the core complex like LH2.