• The Journal of Korea Assosiation for Disability and Oral Health
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.30-35
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• 2013

The four principles of treatment of odontogenic infection are as follows : (1) removal of the cause, (2) establishment of drainage, (3) institution of antibiotic therapy, and (4) provision of supportive care, including proper rest and nutrition. A separate incision is required to establish drainage, especially in the case of extensive fascial space infections. There are four principle causes for active bleeding in the immediate incision & drainage phase; (1) vascular wall alteration (infection, scurvy, chemicals), (2) disorder of platelet function, (3) thrombocytopenic purpuras, (4) disorders of coagulation (liver disease, anticoagulation drug). If the hemorrhage from incision & drainage site is aggressive, the site must be packed with proper wet gauze and wound closure & drainage dressing are applied. The specific causes of bleeding may be associated with hypoxia, changes in the pH of blood & chemical changes affecting vascular contractility and blood clotting. This is a case report of bleeding control by the circumferential suture & drainage on active bleeding incision & drainage site of temporal space abscess due to advanced odontogenic infection in a multiple medically compromised disabled patient.

• Journal of Korean Biological Nursing Science
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.334-341
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• 2014

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of aroma-necklace application on perceived stress, symptoms of stress and changes in autonomic nervous system among nursing students in clinical training. Methods: A research design for this study was a non-equivalent control group, non-synchronized pre-post test. The experimental group (n=39) underwent aroma inhalation by necklace which contains an essential oil mixture of lavender and sweet orange mixture in ratio of 2:1 for 2 weeks while the control group (n=36) received placebo therapy. The data were collected using self-administered questionnaires and measurement of heart rate variability (HRV) and analyzed using the PASW 18.0 program. Results: The perceived stress scores and scores of peripheral manifestations in the experimental group were significantly lower than those of the control group. All indices of HRV were significantly different between the two groups. LF norm and LF/HF ratio in the experimental group were significantly lower than those of the control group, and HF norm in the experimental group was significantly higher than that in the control group. Conclusion: It can be suggested that aroma-necklace application was effective in decreasing perceived stress and peripheral manifestations of stress and in changing HRV indices among nursing students in clinical training.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• v.36 no.6
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• pp.528-532
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• 2010

Introduction: There are few reports on tooth eruption through Bio-Oss grafts. To our knowledge, there are no reports on whether teeth can erupt normally through the grafts. The aim of this study was to examine the effect of Bio-Oss grafts on tooth eruption in a canine model. Materials and Methods: In five 10-week-old dogs, the deciduous third mandibular molars in one jaw quadrant of each animal were extracted and the fresh extraction sockets were then filled with Bio-Oss particles (experimental side). No such treatments were performed on the contralateral side (control side). A clinical and radiological evaluation was carried out every other week to evaluate the eruption level of the permanent third mandibular premolars and compare the eruption levels between the two sides. Results: At week 4 after the experiment, the permanent third premolars began to erupt on both sides. At week 12, the crown of the permanent third premolar emerged from the gingiva on both sides. At week 20, the permanent third premolars on both sides erupted enough to occlude the opposing teeth. No significant differences were found between the control and experimental sides in terms of the eruption speed of the permanent third molars. Conclusion: These findings demonstrate that the grafting of Bio-Oss particles into the alveolar bone defects does not affect tooth eruption.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.390-396
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• 1994

This study investigates the effect of wind instrument playing on the periodontal condition by comparing and analyzing wind instrument players and non-wind instrument players by various clinical paramenters, including periodontal index, bleeding index, simplified oral hygiene index, and non-functional tooth index. The subjects consist of 65 wind instrument players and 31 non-players. The players were divided into 4 groups ; Those who use cup-shaped mouthpieces as Group A, single reed mouthpieces as Group B, double reed mouthieces as Group C, and hole mouthpieces as Group D. Non-players are designated as Group E. The results are as follows ; 1. Periodontal Index Group A recorded $1.2{\pm}0.7$, Group B $1.1{\pm}0.7$, Group C $1.3{\pm}0.5$, Group D $2.1{\pm}0.5$, and Group E $0.9{\pm}0.6$, with no statistically significant differences among the groups. 2. Bleeding Index Group A shwed 0.23, Group B 0.25, Group C 3.0, Group D 0.38, and Group E 0.23, with no statistically significant differences among the groups. 3. Non-functional Tooth Index Group A recorded 2.0, Group B 1.0, Group C 3.0, Group D 0, Group E 0.7, with no statistically significant differences among the groups. 4. Simplified Oral Hygiene Index Buccal sides of maxillary 1st molars, lingual sides of mandibular 1st molars, labial sides of maxillary anterior teeth, and lingual sides of mandibular anterior teeth were investigated, and there was no statistically significant differences among the groups.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• v.27 no.6
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• pp.560-564
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• 2001

The experienced surgeon can be surprised & challenged by the hazards of active bleeding during oral & maxillofacial surgical procedure, because of alterations in the surgical anatomy, bleeding disorders and surgical intervention of infected tissues. This is a report of two cases of active bleeding during surgical extraction of mandibular third molar, that had the pericoronitis, osteitis and adjacent neurovascular bundle in its apex. When the abrupt active bleeding was occurred during surgical extraction of mandibular third molar, pressure packing by hemostatie agent(bone wax) & wet gauze biting were applied into the extraction socket during 30 minutes. After 30 minutes, the wound was explored about the bleeding and active bleeding was then continued. In spite of repeated bleeding control method of the pressure dressing, the marked hemorrhage was generated continuously. Therefore, the author decised the bleeding as immediately uncontrollable hemorrhage and the pressure dressing was again applied for the more longer duration without wound closure. After 3 days, the pressure dressing was removed and iodoform gauze drainge was then established without the bleeding. The drain was changed as the interval of 3~5 days for prevention of infection & secondary hemorrhage and relatively good wound healing was then resulted in 6 weeks.

• Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.127-133
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• 2012

Objectives : The aims of this study were to examine agreement between parent and teacher ratings of the Korean version Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ-Kr) for the children's psychopathology and to determine whether it is effective in diagnostics as the Korean version of Childhood Behavior Checklist (K-CBCL). Methods : SDQ-Kr and K-CBCL were completed by parents and teachers of 165 children aged 6-12 years. The clinical diagnosis was made by a child and adolescent psychiatrist who did not have knowledge of the outcome. Spearman's correlations were computed for associations between parents' and teachers' ratings on a subscale level. The Mann-Whitney U test was performed for the influence of child's age and sex on the results. Finally, AUC values were calculated for the diagnostic capacity and the difference between informants was tested using the z test. Results : High correlations were observed between parents' and teachers' SDQ-Kr on every scale. Parents were more sensitive to emotional symptoms of girls, while teachers appeared to be more responsive to externalized symptoms of boys, inattention-hyperactivity of young children, and emotional symptoms of seniors. Parents' SDQ-Kr demonstrated the highest prediction of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder. Conclusion : Teachers' SDQ-Kr can be used in identification of child psychopathology when parents are absent or when their reliability is considered low.

• Archives of Reconstructive Microsurgery
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.64-71
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• 1994

The successful treatment of the extensively traumatized foot warrants reconstruction utilizing tissue that will provide adequate coverage, is resistant to infection, thin enough to conform to the contours of the foot as well as durable to constant frictional movement and weight bearing. Currently, free flaps offer the best means in achieving these difficult and sometimes contradictory goals. We treated twenty-one patients suffering from extensive soft tissue loss of the foot due to trauma, electric burn or postburn sequelae with free flaps. A fasciocutaneous, musculocutaneous or muscle flap with skin grafting was used based on the location, volume of tissue required, and the functional anatomical requirement of the injured region. The follow-up duration averaged twenty-nine months. From our group of patients, we believe that the muscle free flap with skin grafting offers the most favorable outcome.

• Archives of Craniofacial Surgery
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.260-263
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• 2018

Background: The alar and nasal tip are important subunits of the nose. Determining the optimal procedure for reconstructing a cutaneous defect in a nasal subunit depends on several factors including size, location, and involvement of deep underlying structures. We treated cutaneous defects after tumor ablation in the alar and nasal tip with a local flap, using an S-shaped design and a modified V-Y advancement flap with a croissant shape. Methods: We analyzed 36 patients with skin tumors who underwent flap coverage after tumor ablation. Rotation flaps were used in 26 cases and croissant-shaped V-Y advancement flaps were used in 10 cases. The primary cause of the defects was skin cancer, except for one benign tumor. Results: The mean patient age was 71 years. The size of the defects ranged from $0.49cm^2$ to $3.5cm^2$. No recurrence of skin cancer was noted and all flaps lasted until the end of follow-up. Partial desquamation of the epidermis was noted in one case. The postoperative appearance for most patients was excellent, objectively and subjectively. Conclusion: For cutaneous defects of up to about $4.0cm^2$ of the alar and nasal tip, local flaps using our methods offered a good cosmetic and therapeutic result. The main advantage of our flaps is the minimal dissection required compared to bilobed and other local flap methods. We believe our flaps are a suitable option for alar and nasal tip reconstruction.

• Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.42-44
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• 2019

Hashimoto's encephalopathy (HE) is a rare and underdiagnosed neuropsychiatric illness. We present the case of a 17-year-old girl who was admitted to a tertiary-care psychiatric center with acute onset psychosis and fever. Her psychotic symptoms were characterized by persecutory and referential delusions, as well as tactile and visual hallucinations. Her acute behavioral disturbance warranted admission and treatment in a psychiatric setting (risperidone tablets, 3 mg/day). She had experienced an episode of fever with a unilateral visual acuity defect approximately 3 years before admission, which was resolved with treatment. Focused clinical examination revealed an enlarged thyroid, and baseline blood investigations, including thyroid function test results were normal. Abnormal laboratory investigations revealed elevated anti-thyroid peroxidase (anti-TPO) and anti-thyroglobulin (anti-TG) levels (anti-TPO of 480 IU/mL; anti-TG of 287 IU/mL). Results of other investigations for infection, including cerebrospinal fluid examination, electroencephalography, and brain magnetic resonance imaging were normal. She was diagnosed with HE and was treated with intravenous corticosteroids (methylprednisolone up to 1 g/day; tapered and discontinued after a month). The patient achieved complete remission of psychotic symptoms and normalization of the anti-thyroid antibody titers. Currently, at the seventh month of follow-up, the patient is doing well. This case highlights the fact that in the absence of well-defined clinical diagnostic criteria, a high index of suspicion is required for early diagnosis of HE. Psychiatrists need to explore for organic etiologies when dealing with acute psychiatric symptoms in a younger age group.

• Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.145-153
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• 2021

Purpose: Children treated for Hirschsprung disease (HD) are adversely affected by fecal incontinence and soiling. This can be detrimental to their physical, psychosocial quality of life (QoL) and impacts the normal functioning of their family. QoL studies in HD are predominantly from developed countries. We measured general quality of life, impact on family and functional bowel status using validated questionnaires in HD children in a developing country. Methods: Patients with HD, treated in a tertiary paediatric institution in India between 2010 and 2017, were identified. Patients and/or their proxy completed the Pediatric Quality of Life and Family Impact Module questionnaires. Functional outcomes were assessed using Rintala's score. Results: A 86 children and their parents participated in the study. Majority had rectosigmoid disease (67.4%) and underwent Soave's endoanal pull through (74.4%). A 21% of patients had low Rintala score indicating poor functional bowel outcomes. Only 11% of children had poor QoL scores. Family functioning outcomes were also severely affected in the same subgroup of patients. There was statistically significant correlation between Rintala score and QoL scores (p-value<0.001). Disease severity, type of surgery, and duration of follow-up did not have a statistically significant impact on the QoL. Conclusion: QoL in children with HD was comparable to the general population. Bowel dysfunction affects a notable number of children and was the most significant determinant of poor QoL.