• Title/Summary/Keyword: Chitin

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A Basic Study on Chitin from Krill and Kruma Prawn for Industrial Use (Chitin의 산업적 이용을 위한 기초연구)

  • Yang, Ryung;Hyon, Joon-Ho;Whang, Yoon-Hee
    • Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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    • v.24 no.1
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    • pp.14-24
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    • 1992
  • An attempt was made to prepare chitin from kuruma prawn shell and antarctic krill for industrial use, and new procedure for the preparation of chitin was developed. When antarctic krill powder and kuruma prawn shell powder were treated through the new procedures developed in this study, purified chitin, identified by IR spectrum and nitrogen content, was obtained. Molecular weight in formic acid of purified chitin was $1.56{\times}10^{5}$ for krill and $1.78{\times}10^{5}$ for kuruma prawn respectively. Degree of polymerization of N-acetylglucosamine was 750 for krill chitin and 850 for kuruma prawn chitin. Purified chitin showed a higher degree of acetylation, and was relatively rich in methionine residue.

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Formation of Chitin Oligosaccharides during Fermentation of Toha-jeot(Salt-fermented Toha Shrimp) (토하젓의 숙성과정중 Chitin Oligosaccharides 생성)

  • 박원기;박영희;김희경;박복희
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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    • v.25 no.5
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    • pp.791-795
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    • 1996
  • Toha-jeot(salt-fermented Toha shrimp) is a traditional fermented food in Korea. Toha-jeot is fermented for 90 days at $4\pm1^{\circ}C$ with 20%(w/w) salt per live Toha shrimp. We expect that the high polymer chitin of Toha shell will be hydrolyzed by chitinase during the fermentation of Toha-jeot and that the low molecular weight of chitin oligosaccharides will be produced. We experimented 7 samples which were taken at the interval of 15 days during the total 90 days of fermentation. We also measured molecular weight of Toha-chitin, viscosity and molecular weight distribution of chitin during fermentation of Toha-jeot, The decrease of viscosity and average molecular weight of chitin were observed as fermentation proceeds. Chitin oligosaccharide with $10^3molecular$ weight was low until 60 days fer-mentation. However, chitin oligosaccharide with $10^3molecular$ weight was high after 75 days fer-mentation. And chitin oligosaccharide with $10^2molecular$ weight were observed after fermenting Toha for 75 days and 90 days, but chitin oligosaccharide with 10'molecular weight did not appear up to 60 days of fermentation.ation.

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Preparation and Characterization of Various Chitin from Protunus Trituberculatus Shells Such As Waste Marine Sources (수산계 폐자원인 꽃게껍질로부터의 다양한 키틴의 제조)

  • 김종완;황성규;이기창;이한섭;박종주
    • Journal of Environmental Health Sciences
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    • v.24 no.3
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    • pp.11-17
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    • 1998
  • Chitin is known as biodegradable natural polymer. In spite of various application of chitin derivatives from waste marine sources, commercial use of chitin has been limited due to high resistance to chemicals and the absense of proper solvents. We chitin prepared through the decalcification, bleaching and deproteination from Protunus trituberculatus shells by change of Hackman's method. Also, Microcrystalline chitin made by hydrolysis that was reduce made of resistance solvents used by dilute hydrochloric acid, ultrasonic and hydrogen peroxide. Crosslinked chitin derivatives were preparaed from chitin with crosslink agents(epichlorohydrin, 1,3-dichloropropanol) follwed by crosslinkage at 6C position. The effects of these parameters on chitin dervatives were invastigated by IR, DSC, XRD, BET, PSA and SEM. SEM analysis showed that both chitin and crosslinked chitin had a particle shaped morphology.

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Isolation and Characterization of Chitin from Crab Shell (게 껍질로부터 Chitin의 분리 및 특성 규명)

  • 김성배;박태경
    • KSBB Journal
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    • v.9 no.2
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    • pp.174-179
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    • 1994
  • Chitin was isolated from crab shell wastes and characterized for its chemical and physical properties. White powdered chitin was obtained through demineralizaticn, deproteinization and decoloration process. The contents of inorganics was less than 0.5%, whereas protein and lipid were almost removed. The results of IR spectroscopic analysis for the isolated chitin showed similar characteristics with that of Sigma product. Degree of deacetylation of purified chitin was significantly higher than Sigma product and viscosity average molecular weights was $2.3{\times}10^5~3.2{\times}10^5$. SEM analysis showed that the obtained chitin had the fibril shaped morphology.

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The Critical Concentration and Flow Equation of Aqueous Carboxymethyl Chitin Solution (Carboxymethyl Chitin 수용액의 임계농도와 유동방정식)

  • PARK Seong-Min;LEE Keun-Tai;KIM Sang-Moo
    • Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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    • v.29 no.1
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    • pp.92-96
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    • 1996
  • To elucidate the flow properties of carboxymethyl chitin (CM-chitin), the critical concentration and flow equation of aqueous CM-chitin solution were investigated. The concentration of $0.8\%$ appeared to be the critical concentration. So interaction occurred between polymer chains in the CM-chitin solutions had the higher concentration than $0.8\%$ but not in lower than $0.8\%.\;0.5\%$ CM-chitin solution was revealed as a newtonian flow but $1.0\%$ CM-chitin solution showed a pseudoplastic flow. Flow constants of $3.0\%$ CH-chitin solution were 0.0908cp for $\eta_\infty$, 770cp for $\eta_0$, 0.81 for $\beta$ and 0.36 for n. Therefore, flow equation of $3.0\%$ CM-chitin solution was as follow; $$\eta=0.1+\{{770/(1+0.81D^{0.36})\}$$.

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Synthesis and Physical Properties of Biocompatible and Biodegradable Chitin Derivatives Vl. -Biodegradation of $\beta$-Chitin and Its Derivatives by Lysozyme- (생체적합성과 생분해성을 갖는 키틴유도체의 합성과 물성 VI. -$\beta$-키틴과 그 유도체들의 라이소자임에 의한 생분해도 및 물성변화-)

  • 김선정;이영무
    • Journal of Biomedical Engineering Research
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    • v.16 no.3
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    • pp.257-264
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    • 1995
  • The $\beta$-chitin derivatives were synthesized by reacting $\beta$-chitin with chloropropane, propyleneoxide and chloropropane diol to form propyl chitin (PPC), hydroxypropyl chitin (HPC) and dihydroxypropyl chitin (DHPC), respectively. Cast films from $\beta$-chitin and $\beta$-chitin derivatives solutions degraded by Iyrozyme in pseudo-extrra cellular fluid (PECF) solutions, at pH1.2, pH6.7 and pH8.2. Chitin derivatives rapidly degraded compared with virgin $\beta$-chitin within the first week. DHPC showed the best biodegradation among these derivatives.

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Effect of Chitin Derivatives on Non-steamed Alcohol Fermentation of Tapioca (Chitin 유도체가 타피오카의 무증자 알콜발효에 미치는 영향)

  • Jeong, Yong-Jin;No, Hong-Kyoon
    • Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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    • v.36 no.1
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    • pp.92-96
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    • 2004
  • Chitin and its derivatives (chitosan and glucosamine) were studied for their effects on ethanol production using YPD (yeast extract 10%, peptone 20%, glucose 20%, agar 20%) medium. All chitin derivatives, particularly chitin, increased ethanol production compared with control. In non-steamed alcohol fermentation of tapioca, addition of 0.9% chitin yielded higher ethanol production (13.6%) with lower acetaldehyde (21.91 ppm) and methanol (65.49 ppm) contents than those (12.7%, 35.05 ppm, 84.31 ppm, respectively) of control after fermentation for 120 hr at $30^{\circ}C$. Results indicate that chitin can be used to increase ethanol production in non-steamed alcohol fermentation of tapioca.

Possibility of Dyeing Wastewater Treatment using Chitin (Chitin을 이용한 염색폐수 처리가능성 연구)

  • Hwang, Sung-Kwy;Lee, Han-Seab;Hwang, Yong-Hyun
    • Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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    • v.15 no.4
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    • pp.87-93
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    • 1998
  • In spite of various applications of chitin derivatives from waste marine sources, commercial use of chitin has been limited due to resistance to chemicals and the absense of proper solvents. We prepared chitin through decalcification, bleaching and deproteination from protunus trituberculatus shells by the application of Hackman's method. Structural and chemical properties of chitin were investigated to have proper specific surface area and particle size by IR, BET and PSA. The amount of absorbed water of chitin reached equilibrium by stirring about 15 minutes. The amount of absored water of the prepared chitin were large than the commercial chitin. When prepared chitin tested on dyeing wastewater, they showed better treatment efficiency in COD, suspended solid, and color tests than the commercial chitin. The adsorption capacity increased with decreasing particle size for the prepared chitin. Treatment efficiency for color was increased as the sitirring rate increased. Results show the possibility of the prepared chitin from waste marine sources as a treatment system for dyeing wastewater.

Screening of Chitin Synthase II Inhibitors from Medicinal and Wild Plants (고등식물로부터 Chitin Synthase II 활성 저해물질의 탐색)

  • 황의일;이향복;김성욱
    • YAKHAK HOEJI
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    • v.43 no.4
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    • pp.502-508
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    • 1999
  • Chitin is an important structural component of fungal cell wall and is synthesized by chitin synthase I, II, and III. The chitin synthase II is an essential enzyme for the formation of primary septum in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Therefore, specific inhibitors of this enzyme might block the formation of fungal cell wall and could be used as effective antifungal agents. To search chitin synthase IIinhibitors from natural products, 67 plants were extracted with methanol and examined for the inhibitory activities against chitin synthase II of S. cerevisiae by our cell free assay system. As a result, the extracts from 16 plants showed more than 70% inhibition at the concentration of $280{\;}\mu\textrm{g}/ml$. Of note, Laurus nobilis (81.4%), Lonicera maackii (81.5%), Berchemia berchemiaefolia (82.9%), Koelreuteria paniculata (87.9%), Chamaecyparis pisifera (86%) and Taxus cuspidata (83.9%) inhibited strogly the chitin synthase IIactivity.

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The Novel Synthesis of Carboxymethyl-chitin by a New Process (Carboxymethyl-chitin 제조공정의 단순화)

  • Han, Sang Mun;Ahn, Byung Je;Kim, Yong-Woo;Kim, Yong Beom;Yu, Kook Hyun;Lee, Seung Jin
    • Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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    • v.45 no.4
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    • pp.334-340
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    • 2001
  • The water soluble carboxymethyl-chitin (CM-chitin) has been well known to be very useful to the cosmetic field as a moisturizer, a smoothener, a cell activater and a cleaner for face skin conditioning. In this study, the preparation process of CM-chitin was simplified with elimination of some procedures in the conventional method. The chitin powder was mixed with sodium hydroxide solution. And then a mixture of sodium monochloroacetate (or monochloroacetic acid) and isopropyl alcohol (or a mixed solution with water and isopropyl alcohol) was added to thorough the agitation and the freezing during 16 hours. The CM-chitin with a high degree of substitution by the improved process was obtained.

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