• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• 제7권12호
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• pp.657-664
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• 2020

We investigate the impact of roads and highways within the provinces on the regional trade of China using the augmented Gravity Model and theory of modeling trade. We take a panel data covering 31 provinces of China over 20 years period (1998-2017) for the estimations. We apply ARMA-OLS model, fixed and random effects, and robust findings by Hausman test. The results imply that road and highway lengths within the provinces have a significantly positive impact on the value of the province-wise exports. The positive impact is due to the fact the increased coverage of roads and highways increase accessibility to resources and mobility of goods and services within the regions. Moreover, employment in the transportation sector, per capita GDP and population of the provinces also illustrate positive and significant influence on regional exports and trade. The impact of China's WTO accession on regional exports has been positive, while the financial crisis has had a negative impact. The year dummies show that, in the years following the financial crisis, China was able to regress from the external shock as trade within the provinces increased. The increase in exports after financial crisis is mainly due to the government policies and support to every province.

• 무역학회지
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• 제47권6호
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• pp.335-353
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• 2022

There are two aspects of digital trade: the digitalisation of goods/services being traded and the digitalisation of the transactional act. Digital data (i.e. machine-readable industrial data and transactional data) is the major driving force for both aspects of digital trade. Digital data is a non-rivalrous input, whether for production or marketing activities, and is thus able to be used by many firms or government agencies without limiting the use of others. Digital platforms provide online infrastructure for the interactions between groups, for instance, consumers and producers. The externality effect refers to the situation in which prosperity in one group on a given platform will improve the returns of other groups on the same platform. In the era of the data-driven economy, strategic trade policy can involve data-related policies. The major objective of these policies is to improve the competitiveness of domestic firms. For instance, firms may be subsidised if they use cloud services provided by specific platforms. This strand of strategic trade policies might be useful for increasing the competitiveness of small-and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) via the digitalisation of production/marketing processes. Alternatively, strategic trade policy may also exploit the externality effect via platform economy-related policies. Further, some countries may form data coalitions to facilitate cross-border data flow. This paper uses cases in Asian countries to illustrate which role these strategic trade policies can play in the digital economy.

• 통상정보연구
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• 제8권3호
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• pp.323-341
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• 2006

The world industry structure is characterized as service economics concerned with key words of global, information and culture. Developed countries have expanded a value-added of service economics along with rapid growth of service economics. In this change of economic environment in the world, China have converted their strategy of an economic management into coping with the industrial structure of service in the 11th 5-year plan. The purpose of the paper, therefore, is to find out the new commerce strategy of China, and searching for the counter plan of Korea. Chapter 2 begins with the change of economic strategy in China and their cultural factors using service industry. Chapter3 deals with, from the basis of chapter 2, China's service export strategy to abroad and our counter plan that is able to export and expand Korean service and culture industry into China.

• East Asian Economic Review
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.349-388
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• 2020

The US-China trade war forced a reluctant semiconductor industry into someone else's fight, a very different position from its leading role in the 1980s trade conflict with Japan. This paper describes how the political economy of the global semiconductor industry has evolved since the 1980s. That includes both a shift in the business model behind how semiconductors go from conception to a finished product as well as the geographic reorientation toward Asia of demand and manufactured supply. It uses that lens to explain how, during the modern conflict with China, US policymakers turned to a legally complex set of export restrictions targeting the semiconductor supply chain in the attempt to safeguard critical infrastructure in the telecommunications sector. The potentially far-reaching tactics included weaponization of exports by relatively small but highly specialized American software service and equipment providers in order to constrain Huawei, a Fortune Global 500 company. It describes potential costs of such policies, some of their unintended consequences, and whether policymakers might push them further in the attempt to constrain other Chinese firms.

• Journal of Korea Trade
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• 제25권7호
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• pp.92-107
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• 2021

Purpose - This paper analyzes the relationship between trade facilitation and agricultural products exports and estimates the effects of trade facilitation in importing countries on Chinese agricultural products exports, which is of great significance for promoting agricultural trade between China,Japan and Korea and the governments of the three countries to formulate targeted trade facilitation policies. Design/methodology - Based on Wilson (2003) theoretical framework, this paper sets up its own trade facilitation level measurement system by involving four primary indicators and fifteen secondary indicators to evaluate the trade facilitation levels of Japan and Korea from 2011 to 2018 respectively. The paper selected the data on China's agricultural exports at the HS4 level from 2011-2018 and used a fixed-effects model to estimate the effect of changes in trade facilitation levels in trading partner countries on China's agricultural trade. Findings - Our main findings can be summarized as follows: the level of trade facilitation in importing countries has a significantly positive effect on China's agricultural exports. The higher the level of trade facilitation in trading partner countries, the more Chinese agricultural exports trade, i.e. for every 1 percentage point increase in the level of trade facilitation, the volume of exports will increase by 2.299%.The sub-sample test shows that China's main agricultural products exported to Japan and Korea, such as aquatic products, vegetables, fruits and other perishable fresh products, are particularly significantly affected by the level of trade facilitation. Originality/value - First, from the innovation of the research perspective, which is different from the analysis of the existing paper on the overall trade facilitation of all traded commodities. This article is based on the close trade relations between China, Japan and Korea, and the particularity of agricultural products, from the perspective of China's agricultural exports to Japan and Korea, discuss the impact of importing countries-Japan and Korea's trade facilitation levels on China's agricultural exports;Secondly, in this paper, the hierarchical data of the HS4 quartile is used to avoid the information loss of the industry, and to analyse the impact of the importing country's trade facilitation level on the export of different types of agricultural products more scientifically.

• 한국컴퓨터정보학회논문지
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• 제28권12호
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• pp.267-279
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• 2023

이 논문은 우리나라 대외 무역 및 곡물 수입 안정화 정책 수립에 있어서 중요한 역할을 하는 중국의 곡물 수출입 관련 법 제도를 분석하고자 한다. 본 연구의 결과로는 「대외무역법」에 근거한 중국의 대외무역제도는 대외무역관리기관에 대한 권한 위임의 범위와 책임이 명확하지 않은 것이 특징이다. 우리나라는 「대외무역법」과 그 시행령 및 관리규정에서 대외무역관리의 권한 위임에 대한 범위와 책임을 명확히 규정하고 있지만, 중국의 개정 「대외무역법」에서는 대외무역관리에 대한 권한 위임이 명확하게 명시되지 않아 지방정부나 기타 행정기관의 자의적 판단에 의한 개입의 여지가 있다. 전반적으로 중국의 곡물 수출입 관련 법 제도는 WTO 규정에 부합하는 제도적 틀을 갖추고 있는 것으로 평가된다. 하지만 법률 또는 법규의 모호성과 제도의 운영과정에서 나타나는 불합리성과 투명하지 않은 절차 등은 유의해야 하는 항목으로 여겨진다. 따라서, 향후 중국과의 교역 과정에서의 발생할 수 있는 불합리한 상황에 대한 사전 예방 중요할 것이다.

• 무역학회지
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• 제46권6호
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• pp.21-38
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• 2021

China adopts the "Outline of the 14th Five-Year Plan for National Economic and Social Development of the People's Republic of China and the Long-Range Objectives Through the Year 2035" in the context of tremendous changes in the international environment. A new development paradigm is proposed to prioritize domestic circulation, reinforcing both domestic and international circulations. The industrial policies of China's "14th Five-Year Plan" will have an impact on Korea. Thus it is necessary for Korea to cooperate with China to actively respond to changes in the industrial chains and value chains in Asia and the world. Over the past 29 years since the establishment of diplomatic relation between China and South Korea, the two countries have enjoyed close economic and trade relations. China-ROK cooperation is critical to regional economic development in the Fourth Industrial Revolution and the era of remarkable changes in the world's political and economic structure. China is a robust developing country, while Korea is a developed one in with steady foothold in the world economy. China and South Korea should work together to contribute to the rapid recovery and development of the world economy instead of becoming competitors.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제22권7호
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• pp.216-226
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• 2022

한중 FTA 협정 체결에 따라 새로운 상황에서 한중 양국의 전자제품 무역의 잠재력을 연구하는 것은 양국 전자제품 무역 발전을 추진하는 데 중대한 현실적 의의가 있다. 이를 토대로 본 연구에서는 2005년~2019년 한·중 전자제품 무역 관련 데이터를 선정해 확장된 무역 중력 모형을 통해 양국의 전자제품 무역 잠재력 요인을 분석한 뒤 양국의 전자제품 무역 잠재력 수치를 추산하고 비교하였다. 연구 결과 (1) 경제 규모, 인구 규모, APEC 회원국 여부가 한중 양국의 무역액 증가 역할을 하고 있음을 발견했다. 지리적 거리는 양국의 무역액을 억제하는 역할을 한다. 무역 자유도는 중국 전자제품의 무역액을 촉진하는데 눈에 띄는 역할을 하고 있고, 한국의 전자제품 무역에는 큰 영향이 없다. (2) 2015년 이후 중국의 대(對)한국 전자제품 수출은 잠재력이 크다. 한국의 대(對)중 전자제품 무역에 대한 잠재력도 어느 정도 있기 때문에 적극적인 정책을 통해 발굴이 필요하다.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• 제9권7호
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• pp.17-26
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• 2022

This paper analyzes the comparative advantages and development prospects of the China (Anhui) Pilot Free Trade Zone. Based on a SWOT analysis method, this study finds that the Anhui Pilot Free Trade Zone has a set of comparative advantages, including location advantage, rich resources, industrial transformation and new industries, technological innovation capabilities, new patterns for development, and policy support. In recent years, by leveraging its key resources, Anhui Province has been committed to developing an open economy. Furthermore, its economic vitality has increased significantly under preferential policies such as the Belt and Road Initiative, the China-Europe International Freight Shuttle, and the Yangtze River Economic Belt Development Plan. As a result, the total foreign trade has continued to grow. The findings of this study highlight that the comparative advantages are of great significance to the development of the Anhui Pilot Free Trade Zone, which helped expand the scope and openness of the regional economy and foreign investment. However, to achieve the development objectives of the Anhui Pilot Free Trade Zone as planned, these comparative advantages must be developed and converted into a set of sustainable competitive advantages for the regional economy. Therefore, a few development suggestions are put forward.

• 농촌지도와개발
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.103-114
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• 2003

The purpose of this study is to examine Japonica rice farming of China. Asian rice is divided into Japonica and Indica species. Japonica rice represents only less than 20% of Chinese rice output, but it can compete with Korea rice in both price and quality. The rise of income level has expanded the scale of production of Japonica rice in China. China’s adhesion to the World Trade Organization (WTO) has forced Chinese policy makers to face their obligations and responsibilities such as abolishing subsidies on agricultural exports. But being member of the WTO entry also helps China exercise and enhance its influential place in the global economy. Because of geographical proximity and the fact that Korea is ranked second among countries with which China still has a trade deficit, China may seek and plead for an opening of the protected Korean rice market to stabilize prices and prevent excess supply of Chinese rice. Though Korean rice farmers feel that prices are still low, Chinese rice remains far cheaper than Korean rice with the price gap is still on the rise. In anticipation of such fierce competition, Korea must carefully review its current policies and closely follow the evolution of rice production, marketing, and trade in China. This study also suggests some of the possible research using more recent data that should be conducted in the future.