• 보건의료산업학회지
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• 제6권3호
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• pp.171-182
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• 2012

We tried to look for parenting stress and social support of parents who look after children with mental retardation, intellectual disability, physical disability, and deafness. We also tried to know type and severity of parenting stress and inform a necessity of a resource and social support through the study. We subjected parents who have children with disability and visit 7 medical centers to treat in the 4 cities. The parents filled out the questionnaire. We analysed the scale of parenting stress and social support using Likert 5 point scale. As a result of parenting stress and social support according to general characteristics by type of disability, parenting stress was very high regardless of type of disability. However, the parents who have children with disability had lower social support. In detail, the parents who have children with mental retardation had the highest parenting stress, and the parents who have children with deafness had the lowest parenting stress. In the social support, the parents who have children with mental retardation received high social support, and the parents who have children with intellectual disability received low social support.

• 대한지역사회영양학회지
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• 제20권6호
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• pp.447-459
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• 2015

Objectives: This study aimed to assess the improvement of teachers' sanitation performance and food distribution environment at Centers for children's food service management after a sanitation education program. Methods: The subjects were 119 teachers working at child care centers registered in the Daejeon Center for Children's Foodservice Management in Dongu and Jung-gu, Daejeon. The sanitation education was provided three times from March to August in 2014, and the survey questionnaires were distributed before and after the education. The sanitation status of food service environment of the centers was examined by ATP(adenosine-5'-triphosphate) bioluminescence. Results: After the sanitation education, the teachers showed higher levels of sanitation knowledge. Also, sanitation performance and recognition level of the importance of it significantly improved after the education program. The mean variation scores of importance and performance after the education were 0.14 and 0.23. According to the Importance-Performance Analysis (IPA) results of 26 sanitation attributes about the food service environment, the selection attributes with relatively low performance and importance were mostly distributed in the children's and distributer's personal hygiene management area. However, all attributes except using a personal water bottle and cup were moved to high performance and importance level. Also, the ATP examination results showed that the sanitation status of the food service environment was improved after the education program. Conclusions: The sanitation education program was effective in improving the recognition of the importance of sanitation and its performance with regard to food service management.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• 제63권6호
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• pp.219-225
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• 2020

Background: There is increasing concern that moderate preterm (32-33 weeks' gestation) and late preterm (34-36 weeks' gestation) birth may be associated with minor neurodevelopmental problems affecting poor school performance. Purpose: We explored the cognitive function, cognitive visual function, executive function, and behavioral problems at school age in moderate to late preterm infants. Methods: Children aged 7-10 years who were born at 32⁺⁰ to 36⁺⁶ weeks of gestation and admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit from August 2006 to July 2011 at the National Health Insurance Service Ilsan Hospital were included. We excluded children with severe neurologic impairments, congenital malformations, or chromosomal abnormalities. Neuropsychological assessments consisted of 5 neuropsychological tests and 3 questionnaires. Results: A total of 37 children (mean age, 9.1±1.2 years) participated. The mean gestational age at birth was 34.6±7.5 weeks, while the mean birth weight was 2,229.2±472.8 g. The mean full-scale intelligence quotient was 92.89±11.90; 24.3% scored between 70 and 85 (borderline intelligence functioning). An abnormal score was noted for at least one of the variables on the attention deficit hyperactivity disorder diagnostic system for 65% of the children. Scores below borderline function for executive quotient and memory quotient were 32.4% and 24.3%, respectively. Borderline or clinically relevant internalizing problems were noted in 13.5% on the Child Behavior Check List. There were no significant associations between perinatal factors or socioeconomic status and cognitive, visual perception, executive function, or behavior outcomes. Conclusion: Moderate to late preterm infants are at risk of developing borderline intelligence functioning and attention problems at early school age. Cognitive and executive functions that are important for academic performance must be carefully monitored and continuously followed up in moderate to late preterm infants.

• 한국사회복지학
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• 제49권
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• pp.190-224
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• 2002

The purpose of this study was to find out the characteristics of the direct workers and the organizations delivering services to the children in low-income families, and to identify major factors that affect the number and degree centrality of service network. The research sample was 141 organizations. and the data were collected by a survey questionnaire and analyzed by UCINET V and multiple regression. The results show that the classification of organizations, the work-autonomy, the license of social welfare have a significant effect on the number of network organization, and the license of social welfare, the subjective body of organizations, the number of children in charge have a significant effect on the degree centrality of service network, among the independent variables. Based on the research results, implications for the future practice are discussed.

• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.243-251
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• 2010

Based on theories and case analysis, the present research concerns the deduction of useful results about the basic stage for setting up a planar plan for children's play therapy facility, which cures children's psychological problems such as social maladaptation by means of play rather than language. The case analysis was sub-categorized into movement in each area, relative position among areas, and the size of each room. Detailed investigations were made concerning: First, Adjacent areas of each area. Second, Movement plan, which was sub-categorized into the movement of therapists and that of the children receiving therapy and guardians; area was sub-categorized into management area, therapy area and service area. Third, the size of each area measured was calculated to be expressed as the percentage of the total size. The result is as follows: (1) As for adjacent areas, in some cases management area and service area were adjacent, with isolated therapy area; whereas in the other cases, service area and information area, which is a part of management area, were placed along the doorway, with therapy area between them and therapist area, which is the other part of management area, behind them. (2) As for movement, the movement of therapists and that of children receiving therapy were same; whereas the movement of guardians was allowed only up to the middle part of the therapy facilities, and there was almost no entry of guardians into the play therapy rooms located in the inner parts. This is because they do not show the details of their therapy for children to guardians. (3) As for size, the area of independent facilities were similar; whereas institutional facilities in general had larger waiting room and unlike independent facilities, were of diverse size.

• Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.142-155
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• 2014

Objectives : The aim of this study was to develop an assessment tool for measurement of children's functioning in the mental health service. We conducted a preliminary study to develop a sensitive and inclusive scale focused on the functional changes of children rather than just focusing on their symptoms or screening. Methods : The Child and Adolescent Functional Assessment Scale and the Korean-Child Behavior Checklist (K-CBCL) were both administered to 134 parents of children with emotional or behavioral problems who participated in the Aizone program and also to 186 parents of elementary school children in the Seoul metropolitan area as a control group. SPSS version 12.0 was used for statistical analysis. Results : Most of the reliability coefficients were over 0.70 except those of the conduct behavior items, which showed relatively high internal consistency. The corrected item-total correlations ranged from .411 to 758, except those of conduct behavior items and special measure items. In a concurrent validity test with K-CBCL, the total behavior problem score of K-CBCL was highly correlated with the total score of the Child and Adolescent Functional Assesment Scale (r=.610). For the construct validity, confirmatory factor analysis was performed for each of four areas, including behavior (at home/school), achievement, peer relationship, and emotion. Conclusion : The results showed that the scale was statistically reliable and valid, except for conduct behavior items. This study was conducted only for parents with elementary children. An adolescents group should be included in future studies.

• 한국식품조리과학회지
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• 제27권4호
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• pp.75-87
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• 2011

This study was conducted to examine the effect of children's dietary quality, dietary habits, food behavior and health-related lifestyles according to the mother's lifestyles of health and sustainability (LOHAS). The subjects were 580 children. Mother's LOHAS attitude index was 66.85 points and 100 points was a perfect score. The mother's high LOHAS attitude items that children perceived were "My mother often communicates with the family"(3.99 points) and "My mother thinks that the family's health is more important than her health"(3.93 points). In contrast, the LOHAS attitude items for "My mother does community service activity on weekends"(2.78 points), and "My mother participates in environmental protection service activity for the local community"(2.78 points) were very low. The high LOHAS behavior index of mothers was "resource saving", whereas "social welfare" scored low. When self-perceived health status and monthly income of children was high, the mother's LOHAS score was high. The LOHAS attitude index of mothers had a meaningful impact on the children's dietary quality, dietary habits, food behavior and health-related lifestyles. The most frequent food behavior variables were "high skipping rate", "frequency of snacks is 2~4 times per week", "speed of eating is rapid", and 'meals' amount is sufficient. The highest daily life habits item was "I try to maintain a pleasant and enjoyable life style"(3.42 points). The highest nutrient intake attitude score was "I tend to eat rice everyday."(3.41 points). They were highly recognized with "moderate physical activity", "high exercise preference", "positive posture exercise", "exercise <2 days per week", and "over 30 minutes exercise time per day" for the exercise performance status items. It was verified that the higher mother's LOHAS lifestyle score is, the higher children's food behavior, daily life habits, nutrient intake, exercise performance state score are.

• Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.366-376
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• 2021

Purpose: There is no consensus regarding adjuvant therapies following Kasai portoenterostomy (KP) for biliary atresia (BA). This study aimed to analyze the effect of extended perioperative intravenous antibiotics (PI-Abx) and adjuvant corticosteroid on cholangitis and jaundice clearance rates in the 3 years post-KP in children with BA. Methods: Data of patients who underwent KP between 1999-2018 at a single center were retrospectively analyzed. Group A (1999-2010) received PI-Abx for 5 days, Group B (2010-2012) received PI-Abx for 5 days plus low-dose prednisolone (2 mg/kg), and Group C (2012-2017) received PI-Abx for 14 days plus high-dose prednisolone (5 mg/kg). Results: Fifty-four patients were included with groups A, B, and C comprising 25, 9, and 20 patients, respectively. The number of episodes of cholangitis was 1.0, 1.6, and 1.3 per patient (p=NS) within the first year and 1.8, 2.3, and 1.7 (p=NS) over 3 years in Groups A, B, and C, respectively. The jaundice clearance rate at 6 months was 52%, 78%, and 50% (p=NS), and the 3-year native liver survival (NLS) rate was 76%, 100%, and 80% (p=NS) in Groups A, B, and C, respectively. A near-significant association was observed between the incidence of cholangitis within the first year and decompensated liver cirrhosis/death at 3 years post KP (p=0.09). Persistence of jaundice at 6 months was significantly associated with decompensated cirrhosis/death at 3 years (p<0.001). Conclusion: The extended duration of PI-Abx and adjuvant corticosteroids was not associated with improved rates of cholangitis, jaundice clearance, or NLS in patients with BA.

• 대한지역사회영양학회지
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• 제26권5호
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• pp.396-407
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• 2021

Objectives: We examined the common allergenic foods, symptoms and management of food allergies in children attending the facilities registered at Center for Children's Foodservice Management in Gangdong-gu, Korea. Methods: The survey was conducted among the directors or head teachers of 186 children's food service facilities with 7,591 children in 2019. The questionnaire consisted of three parts, including general information about food service facilities, information related to food allergies and allergenic foods and symptoms in individual children. Results: The number of children with food allergy was 271 (3.6%), and the proportion decreased with the increase of age. There were 91 children (33.6%) with a medical certificate, and these children had a significantly higher number of allergenic foods and symptoms than those without a medical certificate. Allergenic food groups included meat, fish, eggs and legumes (59.1%), fruits (12.4%), milk and dairy products (8.9%), cereals (7.8%), vegetables (6.2%), processed foods (3.8%) and oils and sugars (1.9%). Eggs accounted for 22.1%, followed by peanut and tree nuts (18.6%), fruits (12.4%), milk and dairy products (8.9%), shellfish (8.6%), vegetables (6.2%), fish (5.7%), cereals (4.3%) and meat (1.1%). The common allergenic foods were eggs, peanuts, walnuts, kiwi, shrimp, milk, tomatoes, mackerel, blue-green fish, peaches, shellfish (clams and abalone), buckwheat, wheat and soybeans. The most common allergic symptoms were skin and mucous membrane symptoms, such as hives, rash, itching and oral angioedema. Meal management for children with food allergies showed different trends depending on the causative food. Conclusions: The objective diagnosis by an allergist should be done for food allergy management in children's catering facilities. A system for systematic meal management of causative foods should be prepared.

• 부모자녀건강학회지
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.63-77
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• 2010

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to develop child's health assessment tools and tailored home visiting nursing service model in a community. Methods: Based on the literature review and several types of workshops participated with the child health nursing professors and visiting nurses in public health centers from May to December 2009, the standards of child health assessment tools, service model and education materials for visiting nurses were developed. Results: Some record forms were newly developed, including neonatal assessment, breast feeding, mother-infant interaction, oral care, vaccination and safety, and appropriate developmental screening tests in the community were selected. For systematic health care management in the community, problem list, problem criteria, health care plan, outcome criteria were also developed. Conclusion: On the demand of growing need for health promotion and early intervention for children and their association with parenting and socioeconomic status, assessment and control measures are indispensable to the promotion of child health for vulnerable population. Children's health and developmental problems, and safe circumstances can be assessed using this assessment tools, and can be used for tailored home visiting nursing care for children.