• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.24 no.5
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• pp.171-177
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• 2019

In this paper, we analyze the current phenomenon of child abuse crimes based on the information gathered by the National Child Protection Agency. The purpose of this paper is to diagnose the seriousness of child abuse by biological parents based on the analyzed information and propose measures against it. Comprehensive and integrated measures are needed for child abuse committed by biological parents due to abuse concealment, continuity of damage, and inactive national intervention by considering punishment on attackers through national intervention, fundamental in-depth psychological counseling, therapeutic care, promoting recovery of victims, and ultimately continuous and regular management and monitoring as a long-terms measure. To do so, developing customized and individual educational programs and make them obligations can be first presented to identify child abuse in advance and build up preventive systems based on the principle of family preservation. In addition, problems should be addressed at a fundamental level by performing various and active therapeutic treatments such as psychological treatment, mental treatment, or drug treatment gradually and through phases for biological parents who commit child abuse and contributing to recovering the relationship. Furthermore, proper protection and treatment service should be provided to children victimized by abuse by extending professional children care facilities and adopting the professional family commission system as measures by separating family.

• Convergence Security Journal
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• v.11 no.5
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• pp.77-87
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• 2011

The child sexual abuse is a serious social problem. The children are to seek the physical ability for protecting the mselves from crime. However there is no effective prevention program for that. The reason why the lack of understanding of society and the people's attitude as a fence sitter provoke in a roundabout way to the child sexual abuse. Thus this these conducted a survey research about the child sexual abuse for the common citizen. The questionnaire s were analyzed and composed of a frequency analysis and a cross-tabulations by using the tool SPSSWIN. The res ult was that the crime for child was often occurred nearby school and any effective prevention system.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare
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• v.67 no.2
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• pp.113-136
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• 2015

This study is about criminal judgement of child abuse. The purpose of this study is to analyze contents and reasons for judgements about child abuse crime in detail especially focused on elements and contents of weighing of an offense and concurrent imposition and then to suggest alternatives for policies and law-enforcement for the prevention of that crime. The data were collected from 484 written judgements on 579 criminal defendants that were related to 'Violation of the Child Welfare Act' and were conducted by content analysis. The results are as follows. First, Only about 25% criminal defendants were guilty of violations of the Child Welfare Act were sentenced to imprisonment and the rest of them(about 75%) were merely sentenced to probation of imprisonment or fined. Second, Proportion of prison sentence or period of jail time have not been increased in spite of public indignation and upward of statutory punishment by legislation. Third, in the case of child sexual abuse, there are frequent cases in which concurrent imposition was not put, regardless of explicit statement in the related laws. Last, this study revealed that some mitigation factors of sentence that have been identical to crimes against adult have been applied to child abuse crime uncritically, for example agreement and regret and so on. On the basis of such results, this study proposed policy alternatives for prevention of the recurrence of child abuse, i.e. intrinsic standard of weighing of an offense, concurrent imposition to perpetrators of child abuse and so on.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare
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• v.65 no.2
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• pp.131-154
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• 2013

Although fatalities due to child abuse are frequently happened, there has been a dearth of research on the topic. The present research analyzes deaths due to child abuse in representative newspapers in order to examine incidences, causes, and characteristics of child abuse. The results showed that from 2000 to 2012 child abuse deaths occurred 141 cases. Most deaths due to child abuse were committed by single mothers, biological mothers, cohabiting women and stepmothers, and biological fathers. As regards the reasons of deaths due to child abuse, the frequency of newborn infant deaths as the result of abuse by single mother or single parent was the highest, and lack of parenting skills, postpartum depression, hardships of living and lack of financial abilities were followed. Also, subjects received extensive media coverage were crime compositions-stereotypes of child abusers, habitual and continual child abuse, lack of child abuse reporting and prevention system, and mild penalties. Finally, based on the results of the study, the implications to prevent and resolve deaths due to child abuse were discussed.

• Convergence Security Journal
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.55-66
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• 2013

Child abuse is urgent and important issue that dominates child's life and influences lifetime. Especially, the children who use the daycare facilities are vulnerable to ill-treatment because of young age, resulting in being serious in after-affect of its abuse. In case of being serious, a child may lead to death. Also, the main agent is absent that will speak for the abused child's injustice and ask for help. Thus, the child abuse has many cases of coming to a close always as children's miserable sacrifice. Hence, the child care center employees will need to recognize a fact that the child abuse is not a private problem within home any more, but a serious crime, and to be confronted by early finding and reporting abuse as a responsible person for report. When the child care center employees fully perform a role as a responsible person for report of child abuse and when the cooperation between child protection service and day care center is properly made after report, the daycare facilities will be able to play a role of child safety network, which protects children of being put in the exclusion.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.19 no.9
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• pp.629-636
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• 2019

In order to infer whether the Special Act on the Punishment of Child Abuse Crimes, etc. actually brought about a change in the social perception shared about child abuse in our society, we used big data to examine the change in the perception of child abuse by the public. This study selected 'child abuse' as the keyword and collected and analyzed. The results of this study are as follows. First, before the implementation of the Special Act in 2013, the words "china" are kindergarten, teacher, body, problem, reporting obligation and neglect compared to the following. After the implementation of the special law, daycare centers, incidents, eradication, campaigns, domestic violence and preventive education were newly introduced. Second, the interconnection of key words in the previous picture of 2013 shows that the left group focuses on measures to introduce to prevent child abuse while the right group consists of keyword intended to view child abuse in conjunction with domestic violence. They are still seen as a group of divorces, discipline, neglect and parental education, which they still perceive as a family problem. Since the implementation of the Special Act in 2013, it will be divided into four groups, and the top group will be highlighted by the keyword related to child abuse cases, part of suspected cases and awareness of child abuse. In addition, the Act on the Special Cases of Child Abuse and the Child Protection Agency clearly appear as a child protection system.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.317-325
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• 2016

Purpose: Smoking during pregnancy contributes to the risk of negative health outcomes in mothers and babies. The purposes of this study were to review the harmful effects of maternal smoking during pregnancy on fetal and child development, to discuss if maternal smoking should be criminalized as a form of child abuse, and to explore advocating for fetal rights. Methods: A variety of published literature and legal documents including the Korean constitution, criminal laws, and children's welfare laws were reviewed and critically analyzed. Results: Women who smoke during pregnancy are more likely to experience abortion related to placental dysfunction. Their unborn risk premature birth, fetal growth restriction, low birth weight, neurobehavioral disturbances, and/or other complications and newborn babies are also at risk for complications. The advocates for fetal rights can assert that maternal smoking should be regarded as a crime. Conclusion: Findings show that maternal smoking during pregnancy is a major risk factor for many adverse pregnancy outcomes. Effective strategies and health policies for smoking cessation during pregnancy are required to protect pregnant women and their babies.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare
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• v.60 no.2
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• pp.131-153
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• 2008

Based upon the first national sample of adult men and women, the study aims to examine the prevalence of chid sexual abuse in Korea and factors related to the incidence of child sexual abuse. The results of the study show that 20.8% of the sample experienced one or more types of sexual abuse in their childhood, which indicates that Korean society is not any longer immune to child sexual abuse. With regard to how to cope with sexual abuse, "not informed to anyone and did not get any help at all" is the most major one for all types of sexual abuse. Even those who got help were reported to depend heavily upon private routes such as parents, relatives, or friends, indicating the urgency of establishing systematic intervention schemes for the problem. The results of a logistic regression analysis show that gender of the child, involvement in delinquent behaviors, economic status of the family, number of siblings, and residence in high-crime region are significantly related to the incidence of child sexual abuse. These results of the study would be expected to provide a useful guideline for developing policies or intervention programs aimed to prevent or address child sexual abuse.

• The Korean Society of Law and Medicine
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.143-169
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• 2017

The Act on Special Cases Concerning the Punishment, etc. of Child Abuse Crimes intends to encourage reporting and punishment of child abuse by using the concept of 'crime' in child abuse cases. Article 10 of the Act imposes duty to report child abuse on a number of different professions, including medical professionals. Currently, more than 80% of child abuse cases occur among family members and the detection rate of child abuse is as low as 0.5% in Korea. On the other hand, medical professionals can identify child abuse relatively clearly with specific medical opinions. Therefore, it is necessary that medical professions are informed of this duty and does not bear disincentive from reporting. This paper makes policy suggestions in this regard. First, it is necessary that medical students and medical professionals receive regular education about the obligation to report child abuse. Education should include details of the reporting duty, as well as the fact that there is legal obligation to report even if the child abuse is "suspicious", not certain. Second, it is imperative to establish and implement protective programs for medical professionals who report child abuse. The current law provides a rough framework for protection of people who report child abuse, but it is necessary to produce detailed guidelines that are applicable in the context of medical setting. Education for medical students and medical professionals should include the contents of these guidelines, so that they do not hesitate reporting because they fear the aftermath of reporting. Third, it is highly recommended that physicians use the national Baby/Infant Health Checkup Program as an opportunity to detect child abuse. In Korea, the Baby/Infant Health Checkup Program provides physicians to periodically monitor health condition of all babies and children until the age of 71 months. In order to utilize this program for early detection of child abuse, it is imperative that the bBaby/Infant Health Checkup Program is modified to involve child abuse experts and medical professionals who participate in the program are educated about child abuse.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare
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• v.68 no.2
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• pp.131-160
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• 2016

In this study, we analyzed determination of punishment of victimizers presented in sentencing(81 plaintiffs, 95 sentencing) for 55 cases involving child maltreatment fatalities between 2001 and 2015. The results showed that about 40% of main victimizers were imposed relatively minor punishment such as probation or imprisonment for less than 3 years. Judgments that deviated from lower limit comprised large proportion in connection with compliance with standards for statutory punishment and punishment determination. The elements of punishment determination, such as earnest rearing of child, psychological pain arising from death of child, sense of guilt, motivation that can be considered, were found to have a significant influence on mitigation of punishment although such elements could be judged differently, depending on perception or subjective tendency of judges towards child abuse. Even abetters in a position to prevent death of child were imposed minor punishment mostly by probation or monetary penalty. This study presented the need to reconsider the circumstances of punishment determination which has been conventionally mentioned in cases involving child maltreatment fatalities, such as first offender, accidental crime, person with parental rights, fosters, agreement with family of the deceased, etc. Moreover, this study suggested the need to reinforce child abuse prevention training for law enforcement officers and to revamp standards for determining punishment unique to the cases of child abuse in the future.