• 대한의용생체공학회:의공학회지
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• 제38권4호
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• pp.211-217
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• 2017

During the emergency situation such as cardiac arrest, cardiopulmonary resuscitation(CPR) is the most important treatment to maintain patient's blood circulation. Since the quality of CPR can not be easily measured or evaluated by the eye, an assistive device with an accelerometer can help to assess the pressure depth of CPR. In this study, we propose a single frequency analysis method to reduce the error of the accelerometer by extracting only one frequency component from the Fourier transform process. To verify the effectiveness of the single frequency analysis, acceleration data at CPR conditions were measured at a sampling rate of 50 / sec using a wristband equipped with an acceleration sensor. Then, We compared the existing distance estimation method and the single frequency analysis method using the measured data. The amplitude value proportional to the compression depth was obtained by applying the single frequency analysis method.

• 한국화재소방학회논문지
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• 제29권1호
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• pp.67-72
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• 2015

영아 심폐소생술 1인 수행시 효과적인 가슴 압박 방법을 모색하기 위해 시뮬레이션을 활용하여 두 손가락에 지지대를 사용하기 전 후의 가슴 압박 효과를 측정하였다. 여자 대학생 50명을 대상으로 실험을 실시하고 paired t-test, 카이제곱 검정 및 Fisher's exact test를 이용하여 결과를 분석하였다. 가슴 압박의 깊이는 두 손가락에 지지대를 사용하기 전 $2.50{\pm}0.59cm$에 비해 사용 후 $3.73{\pm}0.33cm$로 유의하게 개선되었다(p < 0.001). 두 손가락 지지대 사용은 대상자의 가슴 압박에 대한 자신감과 효과를 유의하게 증가시켰다(p < 0.001). 결론적으로 영아 심폐소생술 1인 수행시 두 손가락 지지대 사용은 가슴 압박의 깊이와 자신감 그리고 효과를 유의하게 증가시켰다. 따라서 지지대를 이용한 두 손가락 압박법은 영아 심폐소생술 1인 수행시 유용할 것으로 판단된다.

• 한국응급구조학회지
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.101-108
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• 2011

Purpose: Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) prevents tissue necrosis of the brain and cardiac muscle in the cardiac arrest patient and requires exact skills in order to increase survival rate. Through comparison of the training effects of feedback manikin and non-feedback manikin, this study present the effective CPR device to CPR instructors. Method: This CPR course for 80 students by using Resusci Anne $SkillReporter^{TM}$ (RASR; Laerdal Medical, Stavanger, Norway) and Actar 911 $Squadron^{TM}$ (A911; Vital Signs, New Jersey, USA) held on December 22, 2009. Thirty seven students and two assistants were placed in one laboratory, there were five RASR manikins which provide the LED performance indicator, not the metronome. Forty two students and two assistants were placed in the other laboratory, there were 20 A911 manikins which don't provide any feedback indicator. Chest compression scores and ventilation compression scores obtaining from two groups were analysed statistically by using independent t-test. Results: Chest compression scores, average depth (mm) was 37.5 in RASR and 41.80 A911 (p=.004), too depth (#) was 2.8 in RASR and 19.4 A911 (p=.005), average number per min (#/min) was 64.4 in RASR and 68.2 A911 (p=.038), wrong hand position (#/min) was 10.9 in RASR and 30.8 A911 (p=.040). Four items that showed better scores in group RASR had statistically significant difference. Ventilation compression scores, percent correct (%) was 40.6 in RASR and 20.6 A911 (p<.001), number correct (#) was 4.7 in RASR and 2.1 A911 (p=.002), too fast (#) was 0.9 in RASR and 2.9 A911 (p=.003), average volume (ml) was 536.5 in RASR and 707.1 A911 (p=.011). Also, three items that showed better scores in group RASR had statistically significant difference. Conclusions: Regarding the positive effect of CPR training feedback, comparison between the real-time visual feedback manikin (RASR) and the non-feedback manikin (A911) showed that RASR had better results than A911 in chest compression except average number per min (it means that we need harder chest manikin) and ventilation. Verification of the training effect in the real world such as CPR outcomes is also necessary. A proper application of manikin in training circumstances and research on retention of CPR skills will be needed.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.744-750
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• 2013

본 연구는 평균 이송시간에 따른 흉부압박을 심정지 환자에게 수기로만 이루어진 압박과 깊이 보조 장치를 사용한 압박을 적용하여 그 결과를 분석하고 그에 따른 영향을 규명하여 심정지 환자의 심폐소생술을 위한 기초자료를 파악하고자 시도되었으며 2011년 9월부터 2012년 5월까지 청주시 소재 소방서에 근무하고 있는 1급 및 2급 응급구조사 20명과 BLS provider를 이수한 응급구조과 학생 20명을 대상으로 수기로만 이루어진 흉부압박과 깊이 보조장치를 사용한 흉부압박의 결과 기록지를 비교 분석하였다. 수기로만 이루어진 흉부압박은 시간이 지남에 따라 압박깊이는 떨어지고 횟수는 증가했으며 깊이 보조 장치를 사용한 흉부압박은 압박깊이를 유지하고 횟수는 일정하게 유지하는 기능을 나타내었고 두 그룹 모두 깊이 보조 장치를 사용하였을 때 압박 정확도는 의미 있는 차이를 보여 심폐소생술 시행 시에 깊이 보조 장치를 사용하는 것이 심정지 환자에게 유용한 영역이라 사료된다.

• 문화기술의 융합
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• 제9권5호
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• pp.167-173
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• 2023

이 연구의 목적은 대학생을 대상으로 심폐소생술 마네킹을 사용하여 인공호흡과 흉부 압박의 정확도를 분석하였다. 첫째, 가슴압박 횟수에서 실험대상자 A, F, H, I, J는 60회에서 63회로 각각 비슷한 횟수를 나타냈고, 기준보다 매우 낮았다. 실험대상자 B, D, E, G는 90회에서 91회로 나타나 정상범위를 유지하였다. 그런데 C는 119회로 다소 높게 나타났다. 둘째, 가슴압박 깊이는 58.60mm로 대부분 깊게 압박하였다. 실험대상자 C는 51mm로 정상에 근접하였고, 실험대상자 A~J는 55mm~62mm로 유의하게 높게 나타났다. 그 이유는 가슴압박의 경험이 전혀 없는 불안정한 심리상태와 자신감이 부족한 결과로 보인다. 셋째, 정확도에 있어서, 실험대상자 E는 12%로 나타나 정확도가 가장 낮았고, A~J는 33%~80%로 나타났다. 실험대상자 B는 95%의 정확도를 보였는데, 이는 D가 군 복무 중 이론 교육을 통하여, 가슴압박 지점을 정확하게 인지한 결과로 보인다.

• 한국정보통신학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정보통신학회 2022년도 춘계학술대회
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• pp.388-390
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• 2022

심정지(Cardiac arrest)는 원인과 관계없이 심장의 박동이 정지되어 발생하는 일련의 상태를 말한다. 심장질환에 의한 심정지는 매년 우리나라 3대 사망원인에 포함되며 예측이 불가하다. 심정지 발생시 환자의 생명을 구하기 위한 유일한방법 중 하나는 심폐소생술이며 이 술기를 통하여 순환을 유지시킬 수 있다. 이에 소아 심폐소생술 중 새로운 가슴압박법을 활용에 따른 가슴압박의 질을 비교하였다. 연구결과 가슴압박의 평균깊이가 유의한 차이가 있었고(48.93±6.76, 53.86±4.56, <0.001), 압박대 이완 비율에도 차이를 보였다(0.87±0.13, 0.96±0.10, <0.002). 또한 자세를 의식하는 정도에서도 유의한 차이를 보였다(4.93±0.85, 8.14±1.38, <0.001).

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• 제72권5호
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• pp.401-408
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• 2012

Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) is a series of life-saving actions that improve the chances of survival, following cardiac arrest. Successful resuscitation, following cardiac arrest, requires an integrated set of coordinated actions represented by the links in the Chain of Survival. The links include the following: immediate recognition of cardiac arrest and activation of the emergency response system, early CPR with an emphasis on chest compressions, rapid defibrillation, effective advanced life support, and integrated post-cardiac arrest care. The newest development in the CPR guideline is a change in the basic life support sequence of steps from "A-B-C" (Airway, Breathing, Chest compressions) to "C-A-B" (Chest compressions, Airway, Breathing) for adults. Also, "Hands-Only (compression only) CPR" is emphasized for the untrained lay rescuer. On the basis of the strength of the available evidence, there was unanimous support for continuous emphasis on high-quality CPR with compressions of adequate rate and depth, which allows for complete chest recoil, minimizing interruptions in chest compressions and avoiding excessive ventilation. High-quality CPR is the cornerstone of a system of care that can optimize outcomes beyond return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC). There is an increased emphasis on physiologic monitoring to optimize CPR quality, and to detect ROSC. A comprehensive, structured, integrated, multidisciplinary system of care should be implemented in a consistent manner for the treatment of post-cardiac arrest care patients. The return to a prior quality and functional state of health is the ultimate goal of a resuscitation system of care.

• 디지털융복합연구
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• 제13권11호
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• pp.197-204
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• 2015

본 연구는 119구급대원을 대상으로 심정지 임신부에 시행하는 $30^{\circ}$ 왼쪽 기울기 자세에서 가슴압박 질과 신장 및 체중이 가슴압박 질에 영향을 미치는지 알아보고자 시행하였다. J도 M, N, S, Y시, G광역시에서 근무하는 119구급대원 62명을 대상으로 2015년 6월 15-16일간 실험 전 참여 동의를 받았다. Resusci Anne$^{(R)}$ 마네킨 2대를 사용하여 Laerdal PC SkillReporting System$^{(R)}$으로 가슴압박 시행 결과를 기록하였다. 연구결과, $30^{\circ}$ 왼쪽 기울기 자세에서 바로 누운 자세보다 가슴압박 적절한 깊이 횟수(회), 가슴압박 깊이(mm)는 매우 저조하였고, 또한 170 cm 이하, 65 kg 이하에서 가슴압박 적절한 깊이 횟수(회), 가슴압박 깊이(mm)는 저조하였다. 따라서 신장 및 체중에 따른 가슴압박질을 향상시킬 수 있는 도구의 개발과 실습 교육이 필요하겠다.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제51권6호
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• pp.390-394
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• 2018

Background: The nonsurgical treatment of chest wall deformity by a vacuum bell or external brace is gradual, with correction taking place over months. Monitoring the progress of nonsurgical treatment of chest wall deformity has relied on the ancient methods of measuring the depth of the excavatum and the protrusion of the carinatum. Patients, who are often adolescent, may become discouraged and abandon treatment. Methods: Optical scanning was utilized before and after the intervention to assess the effectiveness of treatment. The device measured the change in chest shape at each visit. In this pilot study, patients were included if they were willing to undergo scanning before and after treatment. Both surgical and nonsurgical treatment results were assessed. Results: Scanning was successful in 7 patients. Optical scanning allowed a visually clear, precise assessment of treatment, whether by operation, vacuum bell (for pectus excavatum), or external compression brace (for pectus carinatum). Millimeter-scale differences were identified and presented graphically to patients and families. Conclusion: Optical scanning with the digital subtraction of images obtained months apart allows a comparison of chest shape before and after treatment. For nonsurgical, gradual methods, this allows the patient to more easily appreciate progress. We speculate that this will increase adherence to these methods in adolescent patients.

• 한국응급구조학회지
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.55-78
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• 2005

The purpose of this study was to provide basic data for the improvement of the guidelines and training programs regarding the cardiopulmonary resuscitation performance of bystanders who can respond to the incidents in earlier times as the first responder of the cardiac arrest incident, by reviewing the performance of basic CPR and the influencing factors after providing 70 students of Department of Emergency Medical Technology with the CPR training. For the purpose of the study, the collected data were computerized and analyzed by SPSS-WIN program(ver. 10.1). The results for this study were as follows The duration of session between the groups in the BLS CPR were 3 minutes and 36 seconds, 2 minutes and 32 seconds respectively. The average compression number per minute were 24.3 times and 33,2 times respectively(p=.000), and the average compression rate per minute were 112 times and 122 times respectively(p=.000). The average ventilation number per minute were 3.54 times and 5.1 times respectively(p=.000). The errors in compression "Too shallow" were 20.73 times(34.6%) and 23,23 times(38,7%) out of 60 times in 4 cycles with the standard of 38 nun. In CPR performance results according to gender in the first episode, males showed better results in compression depth as 41.5 mm comparing to females average 38.2 mm(p=.015). When ventilation results were compared according to the use of FS, the average ventilation number per minute, total ventilation per minute and the average volume per episode were significantly higher when FS was not used(<.040), There was no significant difference in ventilation accuracy between two groups. According to the results, we need to improve and distribute portable barrier devices, and to be familiar with those devices. We need to enforce ventilations as well as to include compressions so that faster and more accurate CPR can be performed. Additionally, we need to exclude ventilation only cases, minimize the interference time of chest compression due to inaccurate ventilation, simplify or minimize the complicatedness of CPR performance and responding time related to breathing, provide first responders with various training programs such as initial assessment and ventilations only, or initial assessment and chest compression-only CPR and than provide advanced training with AHA BLS education including CPR for more than two people according to CPR skills and target characteristics.