• Korean Journal of Bronchoesophagology
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.36-42
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• 2002

Aspirated and ingested foreign bodies continue to present challenges to otolaryngologists. The major discussions were the accurate diagnosis and speedy, safe removal of foreign body. Many diagnostic tools have been tried and removal of foreign bodies has been facilitated by technical improvements with rod lens telescope, video endoscope, flexible fiberoendoscope and safer anesthesia. In spite of these advances, more than 3000 children's death occur per year in the world because of foreign bodies and untold number of parients survive with variable sequelae. In these study, 59 consecutive cases of children and adults with tracheobronchial foreign bodies were reviewed from 1992 to 2001. We studied the history, symptoms, ausculatory radiologic, bronchoscopic finding and post operative complications. 71% (42 cases in 59 cases) of patients had foreign body aspiration history or choking crisis. In 64% (38cases) cough was observed. 81% (48cases) had abnormal finding in chest auscultation and 78% in chest X-ray. Computed tomography was done in 12 cases, all were founded foreign body shadow. Main site of foreign body was right main bronchus (41%, 24cases) and most frequent foreign body was peanut (36% , 21cases) . 4 experienced ICU(intensive care unit) care. 2 cases were failed to remove foreign. In these cases 1 cases was improved by steroid therapy and physical therapy and the other was treated with thoracotomy. We concluded the morbidity and motality were much correlated with speedy decision making and experienced skill of operator.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.136-142
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• 1995

A clinical study was performed on 69 cases of isolated PDA surgically treated at the Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular surgery of Kyung-Hee University Hospital from Mar. 1986 to Feb. 1994. Retrospective clinical analysis of these patients were as follows: 1.23 males and 46 females ranged in age from 16 days to 49 years. [mean 8.69yrs.,sex ratio M:F=1:2 2. Chief complaints were frequent URI in 44%, dyspnea on exertion in 16%,palpitation in 8%, easy fatigability in 6%, and no subjective symptoms in 26%. 3. On auscultation, typical continuous machinery murmur heard in 84%, and systolic murmur in 16% on Lt 2nd or 3rd intercostal space. 4. Simple chest x- ray showed increased pulmonary vascularity in 67%, cardiomegaly in 61%,and within normal limit in 16%. 5. EKG findings were LVH in 42%, biventricular hypertrophy in 17%, RVH in 3%, and within normal limit in 38%. 6. Echocardiogram was performed from all patient, and direct visualization of ductus in 93% 7. Cardiac catheterization was performed in 39 patients. The mean value of the results were;Differance SaO2[MPA-RV =11.03$\pm$ 5.26%,Qp/Qs=2.44$\pm$1.35,systolic pulmonary arterial pressure=40.69 $\pm$ 17.69mmHg. 8. 66 patients were operated through the left posterolateral thoracoctomy ; closure of ductus by double ligation in 43 cases, triple ligation in 23 cases.3 patients were operated by simple closure under cardiopulmonary bypass. 9. There was no death associated with the operation. The operative complications were atelectasis in 8 cases, pneumonia in 4 cases recannalization in 2 cases, and hoarseness in one case. 10. Systemic diastolic pressure was increased 8.12$\pm$ 0.13mmHg, and pulse pressure was decreased about 9.52 $\pm$ 1.87mmHg.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.53 no.2
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• pp.244-247
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• 2010

Spontaneous pneumomediastinum in the absence of predisposing risk factors has been rarely observed in full-term neonates. A 3-day-old neonate, delivered vaginally at term without any perinatal complications or signs of respiratory difficulty, was referred to the Seoul National University Children's Hospital because of reduced heart sound detected during routine neonatal examination. Chest computed tomography (CT) showed air collection in the anterior mediastinum. The baby developed respiratory distress on the fourth day and required supplemental oxygen. On the seventh day, there was no sign of respiratory difficulty, and x-ray examination showed no demonstrable pneumomediastinum. Hence, careful neonatal physical examination is essential during the postnatal assessment of newborns, and spontaneous pneumomediastinum should be considered when a healthy newborn presents with reduced heart sound.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.574-581
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• 1985

Surgical treatment for PDA has been pivotal in historical development of surgery for congenital heart disease. A clinical study on 36 cases of operated PDA were performed during period from Aug. 1981 to Jul. 1985 at the Department of Thoracic & Cardiovascular Surgery in Chonbuk University. The following results are obtained. 1. The 8 males and 28 females ranged in age from 2 yrs, to 24 yrs, [mean 11 yrs.] 2. Chief complaints of the patients were dyspnea on exertion in 61%, palpitation in 39%, frequent URI in 12%, and no subjective symptoms in 11%. 3. On auscultation, continuous machinery murmur heard in 94% and systolic in 14%. 4. Radiologic findings of chest P-A showed increased density of pulmonary vascularity in 94%, cardiomegaly in 69%, and within normal limits in 5% of the patients. 5. EKG findings of the patients revealed LVH in 69%, RVH in 6%, BVH in 6%, and within normal limits in 17%. 6. Of the 36 patients, cardiac catheterization was performed in 34 patients. The results showed mean Qp/Qs = 2.25, mean Pp/Ps=0.42, and mean systolic pulmonary arterial pressure=53mmHg. 7. Surgical methods were as followed: The 32 case of ductal ligation and one case of division & suture technique for PDA through the left posterolateral thoracotomy were done. And 2 cases of ductal ligation one suture closure through the pulmonary artery were performed under the cardiopulmonary bypass. 8. Intraoperative complication was ductal rupture with division 8< suture for PDA and transient hoarseness in 1, recanalization in 1, and urethral stricture in 1 case postoperatively. 9. One patient died due to ductal rupture intraoperatively and operative mortality was 2.8%.

• Journal of Biomedical Engineering Research
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• v.43 no.2
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• pp.124-130
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• 2022

In this paper, we proposed a portable electronic cardiogram and stethoscope (ECGS) that can simultaneously perform the electrocardiogram (ECG) and auscultation tests to increase the reliability of diagnosis of heart disease. To measure the ECG and heart sound (HS) at the same time, three ECG electrodes and a microphone sensor were combined into a triangular shape with a width of 90 mm and a height of 97 mm that can be held in one hand. In order to prevent skin problems when they contact the patient's skin, a capacitive coupled electrode was selected as the ECG electrode and a silicone material was used in a chest piece with the microphone sensor. For the signals measured from the electrodes and the chest piece, filters were respectively configured to pass only the signals of 0.01-100 Hz and 20-250 Hz, which are frequency bands for ECG and HS. The filtered ECG and HS analog signals were converted into digital signals and transmitted to a PC using wireless communication for monitoring them. The HS could be auscultated simultaneously using an earphone. The monitored ECG had an SNR of about 34 dB and a P-QRS-T waveform is clearly visible. In addition, the HS had an SNR of about 28 dB and both S₁ and S₂ are clearly visible. It is expected that it can aid doctors' inexperience in analyzing the ECG and HS.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.41 no.1
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• pp.58-62
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• 1994

Superior vena cava(SVC) syndrome is mostly related to a malignant process, but many different benign causes have also been described. We report a case of SVC syndrome caused by Klebsiella pneumonia diagnosed by sputum culture and serial chest X-ray changes. A 27-year-old man had been in stable health until three days before admission, when he complained of pleuritic chest pain, facial flushing, and shortness of breath. Examination of the head and neck disclosed edema of face and both arms, and jugular venous distention to the angle of the jaw. The chest auscultation revealed decreased breath sound without crack1e on right upper lung field. The chest roentgenogram showed homogenous air space consolidation on right upper lobe, asociated with downward displacement of minor fissure and contralateral displacement of trachea, but air bronchogram was not seen. We began antibiotic therapy under impression of pneumonia after available culture was taken from blood and sputum. SVC scintigraphy showed stasis of drain of right brachiocephalic vein at the proximal portion with reflux into the right internal jugular vein and faintly visible SVC via the collaterals. Sputum culture revealed Klebsiella pneumoniae. Antibiotic therapy resulted in a cure of infection and disappearance of facial swelling. Follow-up SVC scintigraphy after 20 days showed normal finding. We first report a case of SVC syndrome caused by klebsiella pneunonia.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics and Information Engineers
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• v.51 no.6
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• pp.237-243
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• 2014

Heart sounds of patient's chest could be heard using an analog stethoscope. However, auscultation of a heart sound can be diagnosed differently by each doctor hearing it. Therefore the condition of each patient is determined by the subjective comments based on the hearing ability of a physician who has years of experience. In this paper, through analysis of heart sound and heart rate of the patient's condition, we will define minutely how to diagnose the condition of patient using a wireless digital stethoscope diagnostic system. And it is possible to perform an objective medical diagnosis by applying LCR (Level Crossing Rate) and to show the relationship of a disease using this system.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.29 no.2 s.53
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• pp.187-198
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• 1996

The industrial use of MMMF(man-made mineral fibers), has been increasing, particularly since the banning of most asbestos products. Fibrous minerals can cause health abnormalities currently associated with occupational exposure to glass fiber. This study was conducted to evaluate health risks of glass fiber manufactory workers within the country. We examined questionaries, physical examination including auscultation, chest x-ray, pulmonary function test for 488 male workers, to go through their dermal itching symptoms and respiratory evaluation. we had the results as follows. 1. In 45% of the workers itching had been expressed at their entrance. At that time we was investigating, 18.5% had itching, and most of them complained it when they fall asleep and night. The Sequent itching site is waist and groin, upper and lower extremity in order, and it had been expressed mainly during summer and winter. 2. As the results of ventilatory functions test, 6.0% were obstructive type, 1.0% were restrictive type. So, glass fiber exposures should be controlled or elimination by protective devices in the workplace. 3. The means of FVC, $FEV_1,\;FEV_1%$ were in normal range. As the comparison of ventilatory functions by age groups, MMF was decreased significantly for the group, 50 years old and more than other groups. And the comparison by the serving periods at glass fiber producing factory, MMF was decreased for the workers had worked for $11\sim15$ years. Therefore, MMF be more sensitive index in the evaluation of ventilatory impairments caused by glass fiber workers.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.186-192
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• 1994

Amiodarone has a potent suppressive effect on supraventricular and ventricular dysrhythmias, so has widely used as a class III antiarrhythmic agent. However, significant side effects were noted in over 50% of patients treated. Pulmonary toxicity represents the most serious adverse raeaction limiting the clinical efficacy of this new antidysrhythmic drug. A 66-year-old male had received amiodarone 200mg/day for 7 months to control high grade ventricular premature contraction and was admitted due to dyspnea on exertion for 1 week. At the time of admission end-inspiratory crepitant rale was heard on auscultation. The roentgenogram of his chest revealed reticular and granular radioopaque densities on both lower lung fields and high resonance CT revealed interstitial fibrosis and pneumonic consolidations on the periphery of the both middle and lower lobes. Trans-bronchoscopic lung biopsy revealed nonspecific intersitial fibrosis. The laboratory findings were non-specific. We present a case of amiodarone-induced interstitial pulmonary disease clinically improved by cortico-steroid therapy.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.33 no.1
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• pp.36-44
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• 2000

Objective : The heart diseases are known as a major cause of sudden death, as well as a cause of poor life-quality of school-age children. But there have been few mass screening of heart diseases in these children in Korea. This study was done to estimate the prevalence of heart diseases of these population. Methods : We screened all elementary students(grade 1) in 12 cities and 16 counties(Gun) in Kyonggi province from 1992 to 1955. The first screening was done by auscultation of doctors and simultaneously by checking using 'auto-interpreter of EKG-cardiac sound' (Fukuda Densi ECP 50A). We conducted luther examinations to whom classified as being abnormal condition in first screening, by using EKG, chest x-ray, doppler echocardiograpy(if needed). Results : The total number of examined students was 161,308(92% of the population), the male were 83,238 and female were 78,070. The congenital heart diseases(CHD) patients were 290(18 per 10,000) - male 155(18.6 per 10,000) and female 135(17.3 per 10,000). The most frequent disease was ventricula septal defect(VSD, 45.5%), Atrial septal defect(ASD, 14.8%), Tetralogy of Follot(TOF, 11.7%), and Patent Dutus Arteriosis(PDA, 7.6%) in order. In female, the order was VSD(48.1%), ASD(13.3%), TOF(11.1%), and PDA(10.4%). The total number of EKG abnormality were 433(62.7 per 10,000) among 69,056 screened children in 1995. The complete right bundle branch block(CRBBB) and paroxymal ventricular contraction(PVC) were frequent(26.6%, 26.3% in each), and incomplete right bunddle branch block(IRBBB, 14.6%), paroxymal atrial contraction(PAC, 6.7%), abnormal Q(5.8%), Wolf-Pakinson-White syndrom (5.5%) in order. In female, the most frequent abnormality was PVC(29.8%), and CRBBB(19.9%) in order. Conclusion : We could present the stable prevalence of the rare heart disease. The prevalence of congenital heart diseases was 18.0 per 10,000 and of EKG abnormality was 62.7 per 10,000 among school children.