• 한국정밀공학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국정밀공학회 2001년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
• /
• pp.1097-1100
• /
• 2001

In this paper, the electro-chemical-machining characteristics of Ni-Ti Shape Memory Alloy(SMA) was investigated. From the experimental results, the optimal electro chemical machining conditions for satisfying the machining quality(fine surface & high recovery stress) might be confirmed. And it was concluded that optical electro chemical condition for Ni-Ti SMA could be obtained at approximately 100% current efficiency and high frequency pulse current.

• 한국응용과학기술학회지
• /
• 제27권2호
• /
• pp.208-215
• /
• 2010

EAF dust which is contained around 30% of zinc, 15% of iron and 3% of lead individually, is chemically treated by ammonium chloride, ammonia water, ammonia gas and carbon dioxide, and also tested and identified the ratios of the recovery of In by applied the variations of particle size, pH and heating temperature as well, in order to getting optimized recovery of the In metal after performing all of those processes. Experimental results showed that the rate of Zn recovery is 97% when the mixture of 1.3 of $NH_4Cl$/EAF is heated to the temperature of $400^{\circ}C$ and leached by water, and 95% recovery of In when ammonia gas and carbon dioxide is added simultaneously and adjust the 9.5 of pH to the same mixture above. For the purpose of remove the impurities in the mixed sample, which is prepared by the two samples, indicated above showing as the ratio of 95% and 97% recovery, in case of applied the cementation process to it, and also by electrolytic process, produced the In plate of 95~97%, and acquired 99-99.5% of In metal ingot finally by applied the heating process at $470{\sim}500^{\circ}C$.

• Journal of Electrochemical Science and Technology
• /
• 제13권2호
• /
• pp.186-198
• /
• 2022

Heavy metals recovery from Printed Circuit Boards industrial wastewater is crucial because of its cost effectiveness and environmental friendliness. In this study, a copper recovery route combining the sequential processes of acid leaching and LIX 984N extracting with an electrowinning technique from Printed Circuit Boards production's sludge was performed. The used residual sludge was originated from Hanoi Urban Environment One Member Limited Company (URENCO). The extracted solution from the printed circuit boards waste sludge containing a high copper concentration of 19.2 g/L and a small amount of iron (0.575 ppm) was used as electrolyte for the subsequent electrolysis process. By using a simulation model for multi-step current electrolysis, the reasonable current densities for an electrolysis time interval of 30 minutes were determined, to optimize the specific consumption energy for the copper recovery. The mathematical simulation model was built to calculate the important parameters of this process.

• 한국응용과학기술학회지
• /
• 제41권1호
• /
• pp.19-26
• /
• 2024

Recently, separation membranes have been applied to fields such as water supply, sewage treatment, gray water reuse, and air pollution control. Chemical cleaning technology is attracting attention among the methods of reusing these expensive separation membranes. It was found that the separation membrane could be regenerated using chemical cleaning. Specifically, it was found that the use time of the separation membranes regenerated by chemical cleaning was sustainable for more than 1,700 hours. Additionally, it was found that the flux recovery ratio after chemical cleaning was maintained at least 60%. In addition, the flux recovery ratio of HYDREX 4710, an organic membrane cleaner, and 4703, an inorganic membrane cleaner, was 76% and 62%, respectively, showing the highest flux recovery ratio among the chemicals used. Considering that the target raw water of this study is biological secondary treatment water, it was suggested that chemical cleaning could be actively used to regenerate separation membranes in future water treatment.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
• /
• 제32권10호
• /
• pp.3796-3798
• /
• 2011

• 상하수도학회지
• /
• 제32권2호
• /
• pp.131-143
• /
• 2018

Phosphorus (P) is a limited, essential, and irreplaceable nutrient for the biological activity of all the living organisms. Sewage sludge ash (SSA) is one of the most important secondary P resources due to its high P content. The SSA has been intensively investigated to recover P by wet chemicals (acid or alkali). Even though $H_2SO_4$ was mainly used to extract P because of its low cost and accessibility, the formation of $CaSO_4$ (gypsum) hinders its use. Heavy metals in the SSA also cause a significant problem in P recovery since fertilizer needs to meet government standards for human health. Therefore, P recovery process with selective heavy metal removal needs to be developed. In this paper some of the most advanced P recovery processes have been introduced and discussed their technical characteristics. The results showed that further research is needed to identify the chemical mechanisms of P transformation in the recovery process and to increase P recovery efficiency and the yields.

• Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering:BBE
• /
• 제8권3호
• /
• pp.167-172
• /
• 2003

Foam fractionation can be used to enrich a hydrophobic protein such as bromelain from an aerated dilute protein solution because the protein foams. On the other hand, a protein such as invertase, which is hydrophilic, is not likely to foam under similar aerated conditions. While a foam fractionation process may not be appropriate for recovering a hydrophilic protein alone, it is of interest to see how that non-foaming protein affects the foaming protein when the two are together in a mixture. The bromelain enrichment, activity and mass recovery were observed as a function of the solution pH in order to explore how invertase can affect the recovery of bromelain in a foam fractionation process.

• 한국재료학회지
• /
• 제26권9호
• /
• pp.498-503
• /
• 2016

The characteristics of aqueous lithium recovery by ion exchange were studied using three commercial cation exchange resins: CMP28 (porous type strong acid exchange resin), SCR-B (gel type strong acid exchange resin) and WK60L (porous type weak acid exchange resin). CMP28 was the most effective material for aqueous lithium recovery; its performance was even enhanced by modifying the cation with $K^+$. A comparison to $Na^+$ and $H^+$ form resins demonstrated that the performance enhancement is reciprocally related to the electronegativity of the cation form. Further kinetic and equilibrium isotherm studies with the $K^+$ form CMP28 showed that aqueous lithium recovery by ion exchange was well fitted with the pseudo-second-order rate equation and the Langmuir isotherm. The maximum ion exchange capacity of aqueous lithium recovery was found to be 14.28 mg/g and the optimal pH was in the region of 4-10.

• Membrane and Water Treatment
• /
• 제12권1호
• /
• pp.1-9
• /
• 2021

This study optimized the chemical cleaning process of discarded RO membranes for reuse in less demanding separation processes. The effect of physicochemical parameters, including the temperature, cleaning time, pH of the cleaning solution, and addition of additives, on the cleaning process was investigated. The membrane performance was evaluated by testing the flux recovery rate and salt rejection before and after the cleaning process. High temperatures (45-50 ℃) resulted in a better flux recovery rate of 71% with more than 80% salt rejection. Equal time for acid and base cleaning 3-3 h presented a 72.43% flux recovery rate with salt rejection above 85%. During acid and base cleaning, the best results were achieved at pH values of 3.0 and 12.0, respectively. Moreover, 0.05% concentration of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid presented 72.3% flux recovery, while 69.2% flux was achieved using sodium dodecyl sulfate with a concentration of 0.5%; both showed >80% salt rejection, indicating no damage to the active layer of the membrane. Conversely, 0.5% concentration of sodium percarbonate showed 83.1% flux recovery and 0.005% concentration of sodium hypochlorite presented 85.2% flux recovery, while a high concentration of these chemicals resulted in oxidation of the membrane that caused a reduction in salt rejection.

• 유기물자원화
• /
• 제26권1호
• /
• pp.47-53
• /
• 2018

유기성 폐기물 소화공정의 발효액에서 젖산(lactic acid)을 회수하기 위해 화학침전법을 평가하였다. 젖산(lactic acid)의 회수율을 높이기 위하여 화학침전제 종류와 교반속도 및 침전시간 등 반응조건이 회수율 향상에 미치는 영향을 살펴보았다. 화학침전제의 종류에 관계없이 주입양이 증가할수록 젖산(lactic acid) 회수율이 증가하는 경향을 보였으며, CaO가 $Ca(OH)_2$와 $CaCO_3$에 비하여 높은 회수율을 나타냈다. CaO를 사용한 반응조건 최적화 실험결과, 교반속도 180 rpm, 침전시간 24 h, ethanol 주입량 25%(v/v)에서 회수율이 48%로 가장 높게 나타났다. 본 연구에서는 발효액 내 젖산(lactic acid)의 농도만 고려하여 주입할 침전제의 양을 계산하였기 때문에 실제 적용을 위해서는 발효액의 유기산 종류 및 농도를 고려하여 침전제의 투입량을 결정해야할 것이다. 유기물의 정성적 분석(FEEM, SEC) 결과로 볼 때 침전공정은 유기산의 특성에 큰 영향을 미치지 않았다.