• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제27권1호
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• pp.97-108
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• 2018

This study is based on the way Kim Kwang Soo works, which reveals a strong expressive tone that is rare in Korean architecture. His work is not decorative and symbolic representation of the intention of positive amusement. Therefore, the following noteworthy points will arise. The various phenomena associated with architecture and society are researched and analyzed in a critical manner. So, it creates and expresses its own formal logic. In this study, the theory of the subversive appropriation theory was identified by using the expressive characteristics of engagement. The study was based on a conceptual framework for the overturning of the mimesis, which Benjamin and Adorno have described. From this, this study summarizes Kim Kwang Soo's nihilistic attitude, finding boundaries and crack points, and subversive expression as a new form of architectural formal logic as main characteristics of interpretation of works. The characteristics of subversive expression of Kim Kwang Soo architecture derived from this are as follows. It does not take an ideological approach to the dismantling of the internalization of traditional Korean architecture. Popular culture and social phenomena are used as materials for expression. These are structured sensibly with appropriated formal logic. Finally, the architectural position adhered to the limit of performativity was recognized as the dimension of new meaning generation.

• Wind and Structures
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• 제11권5호
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• pp.413-426
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• 2008

A wind tunnel study has been carried out to determine the influence of spacing between buildings on wind characteristics above rural and suburban type of terrain. Experiments were performed for two types of buildings, three-floor family houses and five-floor apartment buildings. The atmospheric boundary layer (ABL) models were generated by means of the Counihan method using a castellated barrier wall, vortex generators and a fetch of roughness elements. A hot wire anemometry system was applied for measurement of mean velocity and velocity fluctuations. The mean velocity profiles are in good agreement with the power law for exponent values from ${\alpha}=0.15$ to ${\alpha}=0.24$, which is acceptable for the representation of the rural and suburban ABL, respectively. Effects of the spacing density among buildings on wind characteristics range from the ground up to $0.6{\delta}$. As the spacing becomes smaller, the mean flow is slowed down, whilst, simultaneously, the turbulence intensity and absolute values of the Reynolds stress increase due to the increased friction between the surface and the air flow. This results in a higher ventilation efficiency as the increased retardation of horizontal flow simultaneously accompanies an intensified vertical transfer of momentum.

• Wind and Structures
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• 제31권3호
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• pp.217-227
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• 2020

Based on translation models, both Gaussian and non-Gaussian wind fields are generated using spectral representation method for investigating the influence of non-Gaussian characteristics and directivity effect of wind load on fatigue damage of wind turbine. Using the blade aerodynamic model and multi-body dynamics, dynamic responses are calculated. Using linear damage accumulation theory and linear crack propagation theory, crack initiation life and crack propagation life are discussed with consideration of the joint probability density distribution of the wind direction and mean wind speed in detail. The result shows that non-Gaussian characteristics of wind load have less influence on fatigue life of wind turbine in the area with smaller annual mean wind speeds. Whereas, the influence becomes significant with the increase of the annual mean wind speed. When the annual mean wind speeds are 7 m/s and 9 m/s at hub height of 90 m, the crack initiation lives under softening non-Gaussian wind decrease by 10% compared with Gaussian wind fields or at higher hub height. The study indicates that the consideration of the influence of softening non-Gaussian characteristics of wind inflows can significantly decrease the fatigue life, and, if neglected, it can result in non-conservative fatigue life estimates for the areas with higher annual mean wind speeds.

• PNF and Movement
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.33-41
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• 2003

Objectives : The purpose of this study was to describe and compare the temporo-spatial gait characteristics of healthy young people with those of healthy elderly people. Methods: The data were collected by 40 volunteers. 20 subjects were between 20 and 31 years of age, and 20 subjects were between 65 and 84 years of age. Temporal and spatial parameters of gait were analysed for using the computerized GAITRite system. Results : The system integrates specific components of locomotion to provide a single, numerical representation of gait, the Functional Ambulation Performance score. Differences in gait characteristics between the two groups were examined using a correlated t-test(p<.05). Significant differences were observed between the groups for step length, step/extremity ratio and velocity. Young people demonstrated a significantly larger velocity, step length and step/extremity ratio than the elderly people. Conclusions: These results indicate that the GAITRite system can be useful in detecting footfall patterns and selected time and distance measurements of young and older persons. Additionaly, differences in walking velocity, step length and step/extremity ratio between old and young people may have influenced the gait characteristics measured.

• 임상간호연구
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.101-112
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• 2011

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to develop a detailed clinical model for recording initial nursing assessment items, and to test the applicability of the model to facilitate semantic interoperability for sharing and exchanging nursing information. Methods: First, the researchers extracted items by analyzing initial nursing assessment records. Second, defining characteristics were identified by analyzing nursing records and reviewing the literature. Third, value sets for defining characteristics were identified and types and cardinalities of defining characteristics were defined based on the value sets. Finally, the detailed clinical model was tested through evaluation by experts and comparison with the initial nursing assessment in a clinical setting. Results: Sixty-one detailed clinical models were developed with 178 defining characteristics and value sets. The experts evaluation and comparison with the initial nursing assessment in a clinical setting showed that the detailed clinical model developed in this study was valid. Conclusion: Use of this detailed clinical model can ensure that the Electronic Health Record contains meaningful and valid information and supports semantic interoperability of nursing information. This use will promote quality in the nursing records and eventually quality of nursing care.

• 한국조경학회지
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• 제31권2호
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• pp.1-11
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• 2003

The purpose of this study is to investigate how five winning design proposals for the Seoul City Hall Plaza Design Competition have shown the spatial characteristics by comparing and reviewing them. Each design proposal shown different approaches that reveal the spatial characteristics. Through scrutinizing these design proposals, some similar and different aspects among them were identified. In order to examine these aspects, the winning design proposals were analysed and compared based on five categories such as design concepts, main facilities, representation of historical images, spatial connection, and event programs. Gilles Deleuze explained the spatial characteristics as striated space and smooth space. Striated space could be defined as sedentary space. It is distant vision-optical space that has dimensional, metric, and centered characteristics, whereas smooth space is defined as nomadic, close vision-haptic space that has directional and acentered characteristics. This study focused on the analysis of spatial characteristics according to smooth space and striated space. Based on the analysis of the spatial characteristics according to the smooth and striated space, some design proposals shown more characteristics of striated space while other proposals shown more characteristics of smooth space. Those design proposals that shown more characteristics of smooth space reveal flexible or changeable shape and void space, whereas the others that shown more characteristics of striated space try to suggest apparent guidelines for the future use by retaining the idea of a plaza through the concrete shape. This study, which analyzed the winning design proposals based on the spatial characteristics according to the smooth and striated space, can be used to analyze the designs and could help to develop a new methodology with a different perspective. furthermore, it could provide practical and creative design strategies for landscape design.

• 복식문화연구
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• 제30권2호
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• pp.262-280
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• 2022

The purpose of this study is to analyze the organic forms, expressions, and characteristics of Alexander McQueen's fashion design and to present various materials for understanding and utilizing this organic design style. The criteria for organic design expressions and characteristics were classified through a literature review, and the organic design characteristics of Alexander McQueen's fashion were then analyzed. The results are as follows: First, the morphological characteristics of nature's forms are used as objects in Alexander McQueen's fashions to represent organic characteristics. Second, abstraction through the application of organic forms means creating an abstract representation of the object being represented. Abstracting organic forms occurs by partially modifying the structural features of the human body to show characteristics or by visualizing these characteristics within the surface of the natural object. Third, continuity through the expression of the formation process of organisms is characteristic of the expression of the gradual growth of organisms; this reinterpretation is based on the concept that the internal elements of natural objects affect their external forms. Fourth, the structure of using natural materials, as well as regional and cultural characteristics, is shown in the designs through use of the physical characteristics of expressions and materials that use natural elements. Fifth, symbolism through subjective thinking implies that the element of nature that an object expresses is the element that appears in nature; this includes created organisms along with environmental factors. These characteristics are best demonstrated in fashion designs that express themselves through creativity.

• 만화애니메이션 연구
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• 통권45호
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• pp.27-50
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• 2016

이 연구는 재현의 층위인 실제 인간의 육성(肉聲)을 기반으로 하는 다큐멘터리-애니메이션이 현실세계의 증언으로 작용하는 애니메이션 매체의 새로운 확장임을 논의하였다. 애니메이션은 매우 다양한 기법으로 제작되어 정의하기 힘들 정도로 복잡한 양상을 띠며, 다큐멘터리는 객관적 재현을 기반으로 하지만 연출과 디지털 영상처리 등 여러 유형의 인위적 개입이 존재한다는 점에서 복잡성이 증폭된다. 두 매체의 혼성 장르로 등장한 다큐멘터리-애니메이션은 실제의 사건과 요소를 작품 안으로 끌어들여 현실 기반의 서사를 개념적으로 공유하며, 애니메이션의 외형을 시각적 특징으로 한다. 일반적으로 '애니메이티드 다큐멘터리'로 분류되어 온 이 장르는 <바시르와 왈츠를> 발표 이후 논의가 촉발되었는데, 이 작품의 기법은 실사를 변환한 로토스코핑 기법을 사용한 것으로 오인되곤 한다. 그렇지만 세밀히 분석해보면 전형적인 애니메이션 기법, 3D프로그램의 사용, 그리고 실사영상의 혼용으로 실체 없는 가상의 시뮬라크르인 애니메이션과 지시대상의 객관적 지표성을 기반으로 하는 다큐멘터리의 특성이 공존하는 모호한 매체로 제시되어 있다. 본고에서 논의하고 있는 <무장>(Going Equipped)과 <스낵 앤 드링크>(Snack and Drink), 그리고 <라이언>(Lyan)은 실제인물의 증언으로 서사가 진행된다는 점에서 다큐멘터리 매체의 특성을 공유하지만 동시에 제작기법과 연출특성으로 인해 애니메이션으로 연결된다. 따라서 기존의 분류체계에 이 매체를 포함하기보다 새로운 확장으로써 논의되어야 하며, 이는 작품의 실체를 직시하고 논의를 발전시키기 위해 반드시 필요한 전제라 하겠다. 이 연구에서는 인터뷰이(Interviewee)의 목소리를 직접 사용하면서도 애니메이션의 특성을 벗어나지 않는 작품들을 통해 다큐멘터리-애니메이션을 정의하고 현실세계의 증언으로 확장되고 있는 매체의 가능성에 대하여 논의하고자 하였다.

• 디자인학연구
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• 제9권
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• pp.701-712
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• 1994

We are in the process of the deepening of the informationalized society. Such a phenomenon(of deepening of the informationalized society) means that human being is surrounded by a linguistic or semiological environment instead of realistic experience. And it is concerned with the visual design composed by the visual languages and semiotics of Arts. Because the visual design is a kind of the linguisticsmion using the visual formation. This penomena necessarily brings the expansion of the quatity of information and accompanies the simplification of messages. Therefore when we apply the simplicity resulting from the ideality of KYEORE painting(the folk Art of Korea), it can be cotribute to those who should be in the center of semiological environment more deeply as a source to maximize the effect of communication, which is the conclusion of this study. In sort, the characteristics of our KYEORE painting is the ideal expression. There are found not a few problems such as the depiction of forms, the perspective representation, the chiaroscuro, the expression of material if we evaluate them from the western formative viewpoint. But the depiction of the fact is less direct than the ideal expression itself, is likely to be much complicated, and can be far away from the world of reality. Because it is just the first step for satisfying the ideal images in man. In the composition of KYEORE painting is dominated by the rules nonprescription of time amd place, colloquialism of the meaning, distinction maximization. They are all the compositive characteristics resulting from the ideality. If these characteristics are modulated intelligently to the current thoughts, they will help to build the new visual communication system of Korea which has more direct and fast absorption force.

• 복식
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• 제61권9호
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• pp.131-147
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• 2011

This study puts the significance on the trends, the characteristics, the factors and background of the typical diversification of 2000's historical dramas and of their costume in conjunction with the popular culture. We analyzed the materials like the official web-sites, the articles and promotional photos based on 47 TV historical dramas and 21 historical movies. And we, approaching the characteristics of popular culture in connection with the social, cultural, economic, emotional and technical aspects, considered the trends of the historical dramas and their connection with the paradigms of the contemporary popular culture. The results of this analysis are summarized as follows. First, the 2000's historical dramas & their costume, in the process to widen communication with the public, rose the values of popular culture, economic values, traditional values. Second, the diversification of the costumes in historical dramas, derived from the diversification of the era Genre characters and this is related to the characteristics of popular culture in 2000's such as the diversity, the nature of mixture, flexibility and the orientation of variation. Third, the new media environment and the imaging technology of 2000's raised completeness of the historical dramas and their costume. As the technical background placed the emphasis on realistic representation. Fourth, the costume of historical dramas in 2000's reflected the intention of the production in consideration with the emotional aspects of popular culture.