• International Journal of Fluid Machinery and Systems
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• 제3권4호
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• pp.379-385
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• 2010

We developed a high-efficiency, wide-operating-range centrifugal blower stage to meet the demand for reduced total energy-consumption in sewage treatment plants. We improved the efficiency of the two-dimensional impeller using a shape optimization tool and one-dimensional performance prediction tool. A limit of the throat deceleration ratio was set to maintain the stall-margin of the impeller. The low solidity vaned diffuser and return channel were designed using a sensitivity analysis with orthogonal arrays and three-dimensional steady flow simulations. The low solidity diffuser was designed in order to improve the performance in the low-flow-rate region. The return channel was designed so that the total pressure loss in the return channel was minimized. Model tests of both the conventional and optimized blower stages were carried out, and the efficiency and operating range of both stages were compared. The optimized blower stage improved in stage efficiency by 3% and in operating range by 5% compared with the conventional blower stage.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 제어로봇시스템학회 2004년도 ICCAS
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• pp.342-345
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• 2004

An efficient hybrid ARQ scheme based on the rate compatible block turbo codes has been proposed, and its performance has been analyzed. System efficiency is improved by means of adaptive rate code transmission using channel information, trading off bit rate for channel codes, with resulting energy saving. The rate adaptation scheme improves power efficiency while keeping packet delay minimized. On the other hand, power dependant strategies reduce power consumption. Simulation results show that the benefits obtained are very encouraging. The modified hybrid ARQ schemes with the channel information and efficient retransmission structures highly improve the throughput performance in the satellite communication system. Therefore, proposed schemes could be used in future communication systems.

• 한국수소및신에너지학회논문집
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.159-165
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• 2004

Fuel cell makes electricity through chemical reaction. Bipolar-plate distribute hydrogen, oxidation using channel geometry condensation of water vapor inside channels of bipolar-plates lowers efficiency of fuel cell. Usually high pressured gas supply is used to solve the water condensation problem with serpentine type channel geometry. In this study, a new channel geometry shows feasible to minimize lowering efficiency due to water condensation through numerical and experimental analysis.

• 한국통신학회논문지
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• 제28권8C호
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• pp.751-755
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• 2003

본 논문에서는 자기 기록 채널 PRML 시스템의 복잡도 감소를 통한 전반적인 효율 향상을 위해 Μ-알고리즘의 적용을 제안한다. Μ-알고리즘은 상태수의 일부를 생략하여 복호하는 기법으로, PR 타겟이 증가함에 따라 지수적으로 증가하는 시스템의 복잡도를 감소시켜 준다. 본 논문은 채널의 밀도에 따라 우수한 성능을 내는 PRML 채널 모델을 결정하고, Μ-알고리즘의 적용으로 발생하는 성능의 감소와 복잡도의 감소 관계를 적절히 검토하여 최적의 PRML 시스템 모델을 제시하였다.

• 한국항해항만학회지
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• 제32권2호
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• pp.141-148
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• 2008

This paper is structured into three main parts and a conclusion. The main section provide definitions of efficiency, effectiveness and performance in terms of the distribution channel, followed by a review of related performance measurement, before discussing difficulties of measurement. According to the theoretical approach, it appears that key theroretical issues are centered around customer service, logistics excellence, time compression, the use of IT, and a move towards integrated logistics. The empirical approach shows that in the past, various financial performance indicators were regarded as relevant management information. However, today, management needs additional performance indicators. Therefore, external assessments of effectiveness must be performed to measure customers' satisfaction with the physical flow of product through the distribution channel network. So, what is needed is to take previous normative and explorative research and progress through a framework by developing valid measures of distribution channel's effectiveness and efficiency, and identifying research methodologies suited to the data collection requirements.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• 제14권11호
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• pp.4595-4610
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• 2020

In the practical communication environment, the accurate channel state information (CSI) is difficult to obtain, which will cause the mismatch of resource and degrade the system performance. In this paper, to account for the channel uncertainties, a robust power allocation scheme for a downlink Non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) heterogeneous network (HetNet) is designed to maximize energy efficiency (EE), which can ensure the quality of service (QoS) of users. We conduct the robust optimization model based on worse-case method, in which the channel gains belong to certain ellipsoid sets. To solve the non-convex non-liner optimization, we transform the optimization problem via Dinkelbach method and sequential convex programming, and the power allocation of small cell users (SCUs) is achieved by Lagrange dual approach. Finally, we analysis the convergence performance of proposed scheme. The simulation results demonstrate that the proposed algorithm can improve total EE of SCUs, and has a fast convergence performance.

• 한국정보통신학회논문지
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.506-512
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• 2016

최근 에너지 하베스팅 기술은 배터리 용량 부족 문제를 해결하여 네트워크 수명을 향상시킬 수 있는 방안으로 관심을 받고 있다. 하지만 기존 연구의 경우 정확한 채널정보를 바탕으로 한 이상적인 환경에서의 하베스팅 기술만을 고려하였다. 본 논문에서는 채널 추정 절차와 이에 따른 채널 추정 오차를 반영한 현실적 에너지 하베스팅 네트워크 환경에서 에너지 효율성을 향상시키기 위한 자원 할당 기법을 제안한다. 제안 기법에서는 최적화 기법을 이용하여 시스템 데이터 전송률, 에너지 획득량, 불완전한 채널 추정 특성 등을 동시에 고려한 스케줄링 및 파워 할당 해를 찾는다. 제안 기법은 에너지 효율성 관점에서 기존의 하베스팅 기법보다 향상된 성능을 보이며, 채널 추정 오차가 반영되었을 때의 에너지 효율적 자원할당 방법에 대한 새로운 정보를 제공한다.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• 제4권4호
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• pp.560-574
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• 2010

In this paper, the relationship between the energy efficiency and spectrum efficiency in a two-cell cellular network is obtained, and the impact of multi-antenna on the energy efficiency of cellular network is analyzed and modeled based on two-state Markovian wireless channels. Then, the energy efficiency of multi-cell cellular networks with co-channel interference is investigated. Simulation results verify the proposed model and the energy-spectrum efficiency tradeoffs in cellular networks with multi-antenna and co-channel interference.

• JSTS:Journal of Semiconductor Technology and Science
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.260-264
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• 2017

Process variation effect on arch-structured gate stacked array (GSTAR) 3-D NAND flash is investigated. In case of arch-structured GSTAR, a shape of the arch channel is depending on an alignment of photo-lithography. Channel width fluctuates according to the channel hole alignment. When a shape of channel exceeds semicircle, channel width becomes longer, increasing drain current. However, electric field concentration on tunnel oxide decreases because less electric flux converges into a larger surface of tunnel oxide. Therefore, program efficiency is dependent on the process variation. Meanwhile, a radius of channel holes near the bottom side become smaller due to an etch slope. It also affects program efficiency as well as channel width. Larger hole radius has an advantage of higher drain current, but causes degradation of program speed.

• Journal of Computing Science and Engineering
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• 제7권4호
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• pp.231-241
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• 2013

Improvements in wireless sensor network (WSN) technology have resulted in a large number of applications. WSNs have been mainly used for monitoring applications, but they are also applicable to target tracking, health care, and monitoring with multimedia data. Nodes are generally deployed in environments where the exhausted batteries of sensor nodes are difficult to charge or replace. The primary goal of communication protocols in WSNs is to maximize energy efficiency in order to prolong network lifetime. In this paper, various medium access control (MAC) protocols for synchronous/asynchronous and single/multi-channel WSNs are investigated. Single-channel MAC protocols are categorized into synchronous and asynchronous approaches, and the advantages and disadvantages of each protocol are presented. The different features required in multi-channel WSNs compared to single-channel WSNs are also investigated, and surveys on multi-channel MAC protocols proposed for WSNs are provided. Then, existing broadcast schemes in such MAC protocols and efficient multi-hop broadcast protocols proposed for WSNs are provided. The limitations and challenges in many communication protocols according to this survey are pointed out, which will help future researches on the design of communication protocols for WSNs.