• Journal of Sericultural and Entomological Science
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.38-43
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• 1987

The just molted larvae of the fifth instar were fed on with cadmium trated mulberry leaf and on the third day of the fifth instar the daily change of the total protein, activities of GOT and GPT in larvae haemoymph were sexually analyzed. The result obtained are summarized as follows : 1. The total haemolymph was decreased by cadmium treatment. A decreasing ratio of the total haemolymph protein was higher at the later development stage of the male fifth instar than the female fifth instar. 2. There seemed a slight difference in albumin content of the female blood along with the fifth larvae development between control and cadmium treatment where 7% decrease of blood albumin took place with cadmium treatment comparing to that of cotrol. Contrarily a decrease of blood globulin was made on both sexes. 3. The activities of GOT and GPT were inhibited by cadmium treatment.

• Journal of Environmental Health Sciences
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.25-38
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• 1986

This paper was intented to charily the cause of an increase of serum guanase activity in rats following injection of $CCI_4$. The cause of increasing serum guanase was focused on the change of guanase activities in both serum and liver, and additionally, these results were compared with the previously known alanine aminotransferase (ALT). Concomitantly the microscopic investigation on the histologic changes, and the determination of lipid peroxides of liver were combined in this experiment for a correlation to observe that the activity of guanase would be effected by the various degree of hepatic injury induced by $CCI_4$. The serum levels of guanase were increased about 2 fold in the fatty change stage (3-12 days), 5.2 fold representing the peak value in necrosis stage (21days), 4.5 fold in early cirrhosis stage (48 days), and 2 fold in severe cirrhosis stage (92 days). These changes of serum guanase activity showed similar patterns to those of ALT activity and lipid peroxides in liver cell. The changes of liver guanase activities showed an increase, whereas ALT activities in liver were markedly decreased. It is likely that the increase of serum guanase activity is based on the excess leaking of guanase into blood by the result of accelerated enzyme synthesis in liver cell of $CCI_4$ intoxicated rats. In addition, the possibility could not be ruled out, however, that the increase of serum guanase activity would be caused by the alteration of membrane permeability.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.217-223
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• 2013

Purpose: This study was to investigate whether the two different head postures, natural and ideal head posture, affect head/shoulder posture and muscle activity. Methods: Thirty healthy subjects with the forward head and round shoulder posture were participated in this study. This study utilized a within-subjects design with subjects being positioned into two sitting positions: natural head posture (NHP) and ideal head posture (IHP). Forward head angle (FHA) and forward shoulder angle (FSA) of each subject were measured for assessing the head/shoulder posture and muscle activities of upper trapezius (UT), lower trapezius (LT), and serratus anterior (SA) during the forward overhead reaching. Results: There were significant increases in both FHA and FSA after taking IHP, which showed greater angles than in taking NHP. In change of muscle activities, there were significant decreases in both LT and SA after taking IHP, which showed lower activities than in taking a NHP, whereas there was no significant change in UT. Conclusion: These findings demonstrate that postural alterations associated with forward head and rounded shoulder postures could alter scapular kinetics and muscle activity during the forward overhead reaching.

• Proceedings of the KSRS Conference
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• 1998.09a
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• pp.3-8
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• 1998

Using GIS and socio-economical data the relationship between human activities and global environmental change Is Analysed from the view point of food productivity and CO2 emission. Under the assumption that the population problem, the food problem and global warming due to energy consumption can be stabilized through managing land use, impacts of human activities such as consumption of food, energy and timber on global environment changes, and global population capacity are Analysed using developed system dynamics model in the research. In the model the world is divided into two groups: OECD countries and the others. Used global land use data set Is land cover map derived from satellite data, and potential distribution of arable land is estimated by the method of Clamor and Solomon which takes into consideration spatial distribution of climate data such as precipitation and evapotranspiration. In addition, impacts of CO2 emission from human activities on food production through global warming are included in the model as a feedback. The results of the analysis for BaU scenario and Toronto Conference scenario are similar to the results of existing models. From the result of this study, the human habitability in 2020 is 8 billion people, and CO2 emission in 2020 based on BaU Scenario and on Toronto Scenario is 1.7 and 1.2 times more than the 1986's respectively. Improving spatial resolution of the model by using global data to distribute the environmental variables and sauce-economical indices is left for further studies.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Emotion and Sensibility Conference
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• 2002.05a
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• pp.270-273
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• 2002

The purpose of our study is to clarify about the influence that the visual information gives to the brain activities when pressure exerted the abdomen by waist belts. The visual information means that the some different visual information is inputted it, and the brain activity is evaluated by Electroencephalogram(EEG) measurements. At the same time, we carried out the sensory tests and verified about the relations between the psychological stress and the brain activities. There was a difference in change in the power of the $alpha$ wave with the eyes opened between man and woman. from the result of the sensory test, in the case of under the condition in the darkness with the eyes opened, there was no change in the a wave with before the pressure and after the pressure. In the other cases, $alpha$ wave changed in the same way with before the pressure and after the pressure. In the case of the visible and the invisible in pressure place, $alpha$ wave changed in the same way with before the pressure and after the pressure, but there was a difference in value. From the above, it isn't recognized that the visual information is influencing a pressure sense but some influences are given to it to the brain activities.

• Journal of Korean Elementary Science Education
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.166-185
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• 2010

Astronomy areas in the elementary science textbooks of Korea and the U.S.A. have been compared to find advantages and disadvantages of Korean textbooks. The analysis objects are the 7th national curriculum science textbooks for Korea and the Macmillan McGraw-Hill(MMH) science textbooks for the U.S.A. The results are as follows: First, in contexts, Korean science textbooks contain mostly inquiry activities and partly reading materials. However, MMH ones contain mostly explanations including photographs, related activities, and various reading materials. Second, in the contents and order, the observation activities of constellations are emphasized in Korean science textbooks, while the MMH ones explain solar system up to the universe in details. In addition, Korean science textbooks deal with one subject only once during the whole elementary course while MMH ones deal with one subject repeatedly in several grades. Third, in the frameworks of the international mathematics and science study (TIMSS) 2007, Korean science textbooks do not introduce some contents presented in TIMSS 2007, whereas MMH textbooks introduce every one of them in time. Fourth, the major subjects such as change of moon phases, constellations, the solar system, and change of seasons are handled independently in Korean science textbooks without strong correlation, while they are systematically done related with the rotation and the revolution of the earth in MMH ones.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Aviation and Aeronautics
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.32-38
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• 2012

The United Nations (UN) has tried to make international agreement to restrict artificial greenhouse gas emissions and the UN has concluded the UN Framework Convention Climate Change (UNFCCC) and the Kyoto protocol. Moreover, in 2012, the European Union announced that they will enforce the Directive 2008/101/EC. Therefore, after 2012, aircraft carriers that depart or arrive from EU will follow that regulation. For these reasons, Korea should prepare systematic and effective policy to reduce greenhouse gas emission from aviation activities. The purpose of this study is to find out effective measures to reduce greenhouse gas emission from aviation activities through research by countries all over the world. Here are the 4 measures to reduce greenhouse gas emission from Aviation activities that were found through research UK and Japan's policies. First, Korea should implement aggressive incentive policies. Providing proper incentive can attract voluntary participation of aircraft carriers to reduce greenhouse gas emission. Second, the government should adopt environmental tax on use of fossil fuels. Third, Korea should adopt the greenhouse gas Emissions Trading Scheme (ETS). Lastly, the Korea government should pull in with the international community to establish world-wide environmental policies.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2022.05a
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• pp.140-140
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• 2022

Recently an accurate quantification of streamflow under various climatological and anthropogenic factors and separation of their relative contribution remains challenging, because variation in streamflow may result in hydrological disasters. In this study, we evaluated the factors responsible for variation in streamflow in Korean watersheds, quantified separately their contribution using different Budyko-based functions, and identified hydrological breakpoint points. After detecting that the hydrological break point in 1995 and time series were divided into natural period (1966-1995), and disturbed period (1996-2014). During the natural period variation in climate tended to increase change in streamflow. However, in the disturbed period both climate variation and anthropogenic activities tended to increase streamflow variation in the watershed. Subsequently, the findings acquired from different Budyko-based functions were observed sensitive to selection of function. The variation in streamflow was observed in the response of change in climatic parameters ranging 46 to 75% (average 60%). The effects of anthropogenic activities were observed less compared to climate variation accounts 25 to 54% (average 40%). Furthermore, the relative contribution was observed to be sensitive corresponding to Budyko-based functions utilized. Moreover, relative impacts of both factors have capability to enhance uncertainty in the management of water resources. Thus, this knowledge would be essential for the implementation of water management spatial and temporal scale to reduce the risk of hydrological disasters in the watershed.

• Journal of Wellbeing Management and Applied Psychology
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.57-66
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• 2024

Purpose: As environmental and social problems such as disasters caused by climate change and the rapid transition to an ultra-aging society are rapidly emerging, the voluntary participation of citizens in civil society is a good alternative to solve various social problems, and the necessity and role of volunteering is gradually being emphasized. Research design, data, and methodology: This study examined the motivation and satisfaction of volunteer participation and conducted a comparison analysis, focusing on the 2013 Beautiful Store Volunteer Satisfaction Survey and the 2021 Volunteer Satisfaction Survey data. Results: To summarize the main results of the study, first, the motivation to start volunteering was to respond that the individual's subjective disposition influenced the motivation to start volunteering. Second, volunteer participants were able to gain recognition and psychological comfort through volunteer activities. In addition, the satisfaction of the part that increases the confidence of volunteer participants can be seen as a positive change in volunteer work. Third, in relation to the continuity of volunteer work, it was found that problems related to managers and conflicts between organizations and individuals were largely emerging as factors that caused them to quit volunteering. Conclusions: Volunteers should be more interested in cooperation and communication and promote discussions on improvement for sustainable service in communication between other volunteers and managers.

• Journal of Industrial Technology
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• v.36
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• pp.9-16
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• 2016

In the face of increasing impact of climate change due to human activities, there has been an urgent need to resolve the problem in water resources planning management and environmental engineering. Therefore SWAT model was used to identify the impacts and change in hydrological cycle and environmental aspect. The most important step for the development of SWAT model is calibration procedure. Therefore, SWAT-CUP automatic calibration module was used to find some optimal parameters in SWAT model. After calibration in the cheongmicheon basin, SWAT model is used for the projected precipitation and temperature of RCP 4.5 and 8.5 climate change scenarios in AR5. The quantity and quality using SWAT model from 2014 to 2100 were identified. Finally, this study can provide the reasonable finding on impact by climate change.