• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.26 no.10
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• pp.761-768
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• 1993

Angioaccess has become increasingly important to vascular surgeons as more patients with end stage renal disease[ESRD] are being supported by hemodialysis. Because of the rapid increase in the number of patients undergoing hemodialysis in recent years, it has become necessary to develope alternative vascular access procedures. During the period from December 1986 to December 1992, 290 cases of arteriovenous fistula and associated operations for hemodialysis were performed at Department of Thoracic & Cardiovascular Surgery, Seoul Paik Hospital, Inje University. They Consisited of 175 male and 115 female, ranging in age from 8 and 79 years. The procedure of first choice, the Brescia`s original radial artery-cephalic vein arteriovenous fistula was performed upon 219 patients. In many patients, the radial artery-cephalic vein fistula cannot be performed because of inadequate vein or failure of previous radial artery-cephalic vein fistula. The waiting time until initiation of venous puncture for the first hemodialysis session was 3 days. The second choice of angioaccess, using the brachiocephalic arteriovenous fistula and brachiobasilic arteriovenous fistula at antecubital fossa, ulnobasilic arteriovenous fistula, femorosaphenous arteriovenous fistula, and radiobasilic arteriovenous fistula with saphenous in situ routes, was obtained in 17, 7, 4, 2 and 1 patients. Interposition grafts, the third choice of angioaccess, were performed upon 2 patients. Twenty seven patients underwent revisions or thrombectomies. The purpose of this report is to review the technique of this procedure and discuss the longterm results.

• Animal cells and systems
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.155-163
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• 2004

Tenuidraconema koreensis, a new species of free-living marine nematodes, collected from the subtidal coarse sediments and various invertebrates of Namae, is described. The new species differs from T. fiersi Decraemer, 1989, the only other species in the genus, by having the combination of the following characters: the position of twelve cephalic adhesion tubes in both sexes (anterior six cephalic adhesion tubes inserted on the rostrum and posterior six inserted on the body annules), and the number of posterior sublateral adhesion tubes (12 in male and 13 in female) and posterior subventral adhesion tubes (15 in male and 19 in female). This paper contains the description of the new species with illustrations and scanning electron microscope (SEM) photomicrographs. This is the first discovery of the monotypic genus Tenuidraconema outside the type locality.

• Animal cells and systems
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• v.5 no.3
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• pp.187-194
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• 2001

Two new gastrotrich species belonging to genus Tetranchyroderma are described on the basis of the specimens from intertidal or sublittoral sand bottoms of South Korea. Tetranchyroderma heterotentaculatum, n. sp. is clearly differentiated from its congeners by the character combination: the cuticular armature with pentancres, modified rod-like cephalic tentacles, and three pairs of dorsolateral adhesive tubes. Tetranchyroderma hoonsooi, n. sp. possesses tetrancres, paired lateral cephalic tentacles, and ventro-lateral adhesive tubes along whole lateral margin, while lacks dorsal adhesive tubes. Affinities with its congeners and variability within the species are discussed, with brief notes on morphological discrepancies between adults and juveniles.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• v.49 no.3
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• pp.194-199
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• 2011

There is still debate over which method of the surgery is the most appropriate for the treatment of scaphocephalic infants. In addition, change in psychomotor development following these procedures is a very complex issue that has not yet been resolved. In this paper, the authors describe a surgical technique for immediate spontaneous shape correction of infantile scaphocephaly. There were significant differences between pre- and postoperative cephalic index. We also describe an improvement in the developmental quotient following surgery. Therefore, this expantile zigzag craniectomy should be recommended to correct for isolated sagittal craniosynostosis in infants.

• Animal Systematics, Evolution and Diversity
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• v.36 no.4
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• pp.330-335
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• 2020

The sea spider genus Cilunculus Loman, 1908 comprises 33 species having short chelifores, separate lateral processes, and a hood structure on the cephalic segment. A pycnogonid species, Cilunculus armatus(Böhm, 1879), was collected from Baekdo Island and Chujado Island, Korea. This species is characterized by having a hood structure on the cephalic segment, separate lateral processes, a low ocular tubercle without eyes, and 3-segmented chelifores. In the examined material, chela shape, arrangement of compound spines on strigilis, and number of heel spines at propodus were different from the previous literatures. Here, we examined C. armatus collected in Korean waters and provided illustrations and pictures in detail.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.46 no.6
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• pp.439-443
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• 2013

Background: The surgically created arteriovenous fistula has recently been recommended as the best available angioaccess for hemodialysis. Therefore, in this study, we carried out a clinical analysis on surgical procedures in the ligation and division of a distal vein to achieve similar effects as those of vein end-to-arterial side after side-to-side anastomosis. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the clinical data of 113 patients who came for an outpatient clinic follow-up to the department of internal medicine of our hospital; these patients were among the 125 patients who underwent radiocephalic arteriovenous fistula (side-to-side anastomosis with distal vein ligation and division) in our hospital in the period from January 2006 to December 2010. Results: The patency rate showed no statistical significance with respect to sex (p=0.775), age (p=0.775), hypertension (p=0.262), diabetes (p=0.929), and cardio-neurovascular disease (p=0.717). Patency rates were 96% for the first month, 93% for the first year, and 90% for the second year for the radiocephalic arteriovenous fistula (side-to-side anastomosis with distal vein ligation and division) performed on the wrist. Conclusion: The patency rates revealed favorable results and few postoperative complications as compared to those of previous reports. Therefore, radiocephalic fistula using side-to-side anastomosis with distal cephalic vein ligation is considered a recommendable surgical procedure in the distal part for the hemodialysis of CRF patients.

• Archives of Craniofacial Surgery
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.6-11
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• 2011

Purpose: The cephalic index (CI) is used to classify the head and every race has its unique characteristics. Previous studies published in Korea were limited to demonstrating the periodical change of the CI. This study was done to determine the CI change in 0 to 20 year-old Koreans by sex and age. Methods: The measurement was done on 1,222 Koreans ranging from 0 to 20 years of age, randomly selected from 2,156 who were diagnosed with simple concussion, had no other diseases or anomalies, and took cephalographs from January, 2000 to July, 2008. The files were obtained from $Marosis^{(R)}$ and then photogrammetry was done by $Photoshop^{(R)}$. To standardize the cephalograph, the Frankfort horizontal line was selected as the reference line on lateral view and the line connecting both lateral-orbitales on AP view. The maximal length was obtained from the lateral cephalograph and the maximal breadth from the AP cephalograph. Results: The CI showed no difference by sex (p=0.4848). The CI and age showed negative correlation (p<0.0001). Analyzed separately by the male and the female, the CI showed statistical significance in the male (p<0.0001), but not in the female (p=0.4741) group. Comparing the CI above the age of 11, the CI of the female became greater than that of the male. Conclusion: This study contributes to the standardization of CI measurement and the authors were able to obtain the average CI by age. We concluded that the CI decreased according to age and most Koreans belonged to barchycephalic or hyperbrachycephalic.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• v.46 no.4
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• pp.330-335
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• 2019

Background The use of anatomic implants has improved the aesthetic results of breast surgery; however, implant malrotation is an uncommon, but serious complication of these procedures. Nevertheless, little research has explored implant adhesion. In this study, we investigated adhesion between the expander and the capsule. Methods Seventy-nine cases of immediate breast reconstruction via two-stage implant-based reconstruction performed between September 2016 and November 2017 were evaluated. Mentor CPX4 expanders were used in 14 breasts, and Natrelle expanders in 65. We analyzed areas of adhesion on the surfaces of the tissue expanders when they were exchanged with permanent implants. We investigated whether adhesions occurred on the cephalic, caudal, anterior, and/or posterior surfaces of the expanders. Results Total adhesion occurred in 18 cases, non-adhesion in 15 cases, and partial adhesion in 46 cases. Of the non-adhesion cases, 80% (n=12) were with Mentor CPX4 expanders, while 94.4% (n=17) of the total adhesion cases were with Natrelle expanders. Of the partial adhesion cases, 90.7% involved the anterior-cephalic surface. The type of tissue expander showed a statistically significant relationship with the number of attachments in both univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses (P<0.001) and with total drainage only in the univariate analysis (P=0.015). Conclusions We sought to identify the location(s) of adhesion after tissue expander insertion. The texture of the implant was a significant predictor of the success of adhesion, and partial adhesion was common. The anterior-cephalic surface showed the highest adhesion rate. Nevertheless, partial adhesion suffices to prevent unwanted rotation of the expander.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.37 no.4
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• pp.342-348
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• 2004

It is very important for hemodialysis in patients with end stage renal disease to obtain vascular access that resists repeated punctures and maintains adequate blood flow. This study was designed to indentify factors that may influence early patency rate of autogenous arteriovenous fistula. Material and Method: 49 cases in 47 patients who underwent radiocephalic fistula formation in our hospital from June 2002 through May 2003 were reviewed and analyzed. Result: The early patency rate was 79.6%. Age, sex, hypertension, and diabetes mellitus were not significant factors for patency. Body mass index and duration of hypertension and diabetes did not influence the early results either. Cephalic vein diameter measured preoperatively and blood flow at radio-cephalic fistula were significantly positive correlative factors. Groups with the vein diameter less than 2.7mm, or with the blood flow less than 100 mL/min had significantly lower early patency rate than the other groups. Conclusion: To improve early patency rate of radiocephalic fistula, large sized cephalic vein should be selected and if the intraoperative flow at radiocephalic fistula is less than 100 mL/min, another arteriovenous fistula formation should be considered.

• Journal of Haehwa Medicine
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.69-79
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• 2007

Background : Tremor is a rhythmic, involuntary muscular contraction characterized by oscillations (to-and-fro movements) of a part of the body. Tremor is the common symptom clinically. Objectives : The purpose of this study is to show a case of patient with tremor improved by medication of Bok-jin-centered. Patients & Methods : The patient was 60-year-old woman who complained Cephalic and cheilo tremor. She was treated by oriental medicine with acupuncture, herb medication, physical therapy through the abdominal diagnosis, Bok-Jin. Results : The Cephalic and cheilo tremor was reduced after oriental medical therapy. Conclusion : After the treatment, tremor and other symptoms were improved. This result suggested that Bok-jin is the significant diagnosis and medication of Bok-jin-centered is recommanded.