• Korean Journal of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery
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• v.61 no.11
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• pp.615-618
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• 2018

The central giant cell granuloma is a benign tumor seen generally in the mandible, but rarely in other cranial bones. Herein, we present a 51-year-old man with central giant cell granuloma in the right zygomatic bone. Physical and radiologic examinations of the central giant cell granuloma in the zygomatic bone showed that specific and preoperative diagnosis is usually difficult. Therefore, clinicians should consider the possibility that central giant cell granuloma may occur in the zygomatic bone mimicking other more frequently observed lesions.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.673-676
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• 2016

Background: In the maxillofacial region, giant cell granulomas occur in 2 clinical forms, central and peripheral. Despite histopathological similarity between these 2 forms totally different clinical behaviors have been reported. The present study was undertaken to compare mast cell and vascular concentrations in these pathologic lesions. Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional descriptive study, 20 pathological samples of central giant cell granuloma (CGCG) and 20 samples of peripheral giant cell granuloma (PGCG) were selected and examined through toluidine blue staining for mast cell assessment and immunohistochemical staining by VEGEF antibody for comparing the number of mast cells. T-test, chi-squared test and backward multivariate linear regression were used for statistical analysis using SPSS 20. Statistical significance was set at P<0.05. Results: This study showed significantly greater VEGF expression and mast cell concentrations in CGCG compared to PGCG cases. Also there was a significant correlation between VEGF expression and the concentration of mast cells. No relation was found between age, sex and site of the lesion and concentration of mast cells or VEGF expression. Conclusions: It is feasible that higher concentrations of mast cells in CGCG versus PGCG samples might lead to more aggressive clinical behavior via vascular proliferation and angiogenesis. However, other biologic mechanisms should be considered in this situation.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• v.37 no.5
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• pp.691-694
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• 2010

Purpose: Central giant cell granuloma is a rare, benign giant cell tumor which commonly develops in areas near the teeth. It accounts for approximately less than 7% of benign tumors of the mandible. Clinically, central giant cell granuloma is classifed into aggressive and non-aggressive type, and usually requires surgical treatment. There has been no report of central giant cell granuloma in plastic surgery field of the country, and we report a case with a brief review of the diagnosis and treatment of the disease. Methods: A 23-year-old male presented with a hard, non-tender, growing mass with the size of $4.0{\times}3.0\;cm$ on mandible for several months. Computed tomography scan showed a solid mass within thinned outer cortex on mandible. The thinned outer cortex was excised with the mass and the inner cortex was partially removed burring. After the tumor removal, mandible was fixed by reconstruction plate. Results: Pathologic report showed numerous large multinucleated giant cells, diffusely distributed in a background of ovoid-to-spindle-shaped mononuclear cells. There was no evidence of recurrence after 1 year follow up. Bony defect was regenerated and we removed the reconstruction plate. Conclusion: Removal of central giant cell granuloma results in defect of outer cortex, which can be reconstructed by using reconstruction plate, autologous bone graft or bone cement. We used reconstruction plate as a conservative method to induce secondary healing of the outer cortical defect area, which resulted in normal mastication and occlusion with no recurrence.

• Imaging Science in Dentistry
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• v.52 no.2
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• pp.123-131
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• 2022

Purpose: The aim of this study was to characterize the cone-beam computed tomographic (CBCT) imaging features of central giant cell granuloma (CGCG) of the jawbone. Materials and Methods: This study retrospectively reviewed 26 CBCT studies of histologically proven cases of CGCG during a period of 20 years, from 1999 to 2019. Patients' demographic data were recorded, and radiographic features were assessed (location, border, cortication, appearance of the internal structure, locularity, septation, expansion, cortical perforation, effects on surrounding tissue, whether the lesion crossed the midline, and lesion volume). Results: In this study, CGCGs were seen almost twice as often in the mandible than in the maxilla, and 64.7% of mandibular lesions involved the anterior region. Only 26.9% of lesions crossed the midline, a feature that was considered characteristic of CGCG. Furthermore, 65.4% of lesions were unilocular and 34.6% were multilocular. The correlation between a lesion's size and its locularity was statistically significant, and larger lesions showed a multilocular appearance. The mean volume of multilocular lesions was greater than that of unilocular lesions. Conclusion: CGCGs showed variable radiographic features on CBCT, and this imaging modality is highly effective at demonstrating the radiographic spectrum and lesional extent of CGCGs in the jawbone.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.177-184
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• 1991

A giant cell granuloma and a cementifying fibroma occurring in the same lesion of right mandibular body in a 10 year old boy is presented with a 12 month follow up without recurrence or any other complications after operation. The relatively small lesion of cementifying fibroma was well delineated from the larger lesion of central giant cell granuloma, and as their origins are different each other(odontogenic or connective tissue origin), we have considered that both lesions had developed independently. Clinically, the evidencesa of aggressiveness of giant cell granuloma were also found, that is, large size, earlier age of 10, root resorption of lower right 1st annd 2nd molars and cortical perforation. With curettage and electric cauterization, we have treated both lesions satisfactorily.

• Imaging Science in Dentistry
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• v.47 no.3
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• pp.209-213
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• 2017

Central giant cell lesions are rare, benign, osteolytic, pseudocystic, solitary, localized lesions that are common in the skeletal structure, but less so in the maxillofacial region. Furthermore, to perform panoramic radiography and cone-beam computed tomography, it is necessary to prepare patients properly and to position their heads carefully. However, this can be difficult in pediatric patients, who may be anxious. In this report, we describe the case of a central giant cell lesion of the mandible in a 2-year-old girl that was evaluated with multidetector computed tomography.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• v.50 no.1
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• pp.49-55
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• 2024

Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) is an autosomally dominant tumor suppressor syndrome and multisystem disease. Central giant-cell granulomas (CGCGs) can be seen in patients with NF1. A 21-year-old female was diagnosed with two CGCGs, one in the mandible and then one in the maxilla, in a 7-year period. Increased incidence of CGCGs in NF1 patients was thought to be caused by an underlying susceptibility to developing CGCG-like lesions in qualitatively abnormal bone, such as fibrous dysplasia. However, germline and somatic truncating second-hit mutations in the NF1 gene have been detected in NF1 patients with CGCGs, validating that they are NF1-associated lesions. Oral manifestations in patients with NF1 are very common. Knowledge of these manifestations and the genetic link between NF1 and CGCGs will enhance early detection and enable optimal patient care.

• Imaging Science in Dentistry
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• v.40 no.3
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• pp.149-153
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• 2010

Brown tumor is usually diagnosed at the terminal stage of hyperparathyroidism. Diagnosis of this tumor is confirmed by endocrinologic investigations along with clinical and radiographic examination. Radiographical differential diagnosis of this tumor includes central giant cell granuloma, aneurysmal bone cyst, metastatic tumor, multiple myeloma, and Paget disease. This report presents a rare case of multiple brown tumors occurring at the maxilla and mandible, which was initially misdiagnosed as central giant cell granuloma. Plain radiographs demonstrated multiple well-defined multilocular radiolucency. CT images showed soft tissue mass with low attenuated lesions, perforation of the lingual cortical plate, and a heterogeneous mass at the right thyroid lobe. These findings were consistent with parathyroid adenoma. The patient had hypercalcemia, hypophosphatemia, and elevated alkaline phosphatase level. Surgical excision of the tumor was performed. No recurrence was observed during a 28-month follow-up.

• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
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• v.44 no.4
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• pp.469-473
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• 2017

Peripheral giant cell granulomas (PGCGs) are reactive, exophytic gingival growths, caused by regional irritation and chronic trauma. PGCGs are diagnosed through histopathologic evaluations and appear analogous to other soft tissue lesions. This report presents the case of a PGCG associated with the ectopic eruption of a maxillary central incisor. Following an excisional biopsy, the patient healed fully without recurrence for at least 1 year.

• Imaging Science in Dentistry
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• v.52 no.3
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• pp.309-317
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• 2022

Purpose: The aim of this study was to introduce a category of jaw lesions comprising cysts and tumors associated with scalloped borders. Materials and Methods: General search engines and specialized databases including Google Scholar, PubMed, PubMed Central, and Scopus, as well as an authoritative textbook, were used to find relevant studies by using keywords such as "jaw lesion," "jaw disease," "scalloping," "scalloped border," "scalloped margin," "irregular border," and "irregular margin." Out of 289 articles, 252 records were removed because they were duplicates, did not have a relevant title, or did not mention the frequency of findings described using the term "scalloped border." Finally, 37 closely related articles were chosen. Results: According to the relevant literature, scalloped borders are found most frequently in ameloblastoma, followed by simple bone cyst, central giant cell granuloma, odontogenic keratocyst, and glandular odontogenic cyst. Conclusion: The lesions most frequently reported to have scalloped borders are ameloblastoma, central giant cell granuloma, odontogenic keratocyst, simple bone cyst, and glandular odontogenic cyst.