• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.54 no.2
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• pp.101-107
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• 2011

Aging in females is associated with a reduced metabolic function, increased incidence of neurodegenerative diseases, and cognitive dysfunction, as a result of loss in gonadal function. The change can alter the states of phosphorylation on the proteins, which cause dramatic changes in the cellular location or activity of the proteins. In this study, the differential phosphorylation of the proteins responsible for the functions related to cognition was studied using the ovariectomized adult rats. Phosphoproteomic analysis using the cerebral and hippocampal tissues could identify 51 differentially phosphorylated proteins including 12 proteins for energy metabolism, 8 cytoskeletal proteins, 6 signaling proteins, and other functional proteins in the ovariectomized rats. Further, anti-oxidative enzymes, superoxide dismutase and peroxiredoxin-2, which are known to be inactivated by phosphorylation, were found to be differentially phosphorylated in the cerebellum and hippocampus of the ovariectomized rats, respectively. Many of the deactivated proteins by differential phosphorylation identified in this study were overlapped to those of Alzheimer's disease cases. These results will provide information for neurodegenerative learning and memory impairments in women as brought about by menopause.

• BMB Reports
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• v.35 no.6
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• pp.562-567
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• 2002

In order to find the cellular interaction factors of the Heliothis armigera nuclear polyhedrosis virus capsid protein VP39, a Heliothis armigera cell cDNA library was constructed. Then VP39 was used as bait. The host actin gene was isolated from the cDNA library with the yeast two-hybrid system. This demonstrated that VP39 could interact with its host actin in yeast. In order to corroborate this interaction in vivo, the vp39 gene was fused with the green fluorescent protein gene in plasmid pEGFP39. The fusion protein was expressed in the Hz-AM1 cells under the control of the Autographa californica multiple nucleopolyhedrovirus immediate early gene promoter. The host actin was labeled specifically by the red fluorescence substance, tetramethy rhodamine isothicyanete-phalloidin. Observation under a fluorescence microscopy showed that VP39, which was indicated by green fluorescence, began to appear in the cells 6 h after being transfected with pEGFP39. Red actin cables were also formed in the cytoplasm at the same time. Actin was aggregated in the nucleus 9 h after the transfection. The green and red fluorescence always appeared in the same location of the cells, which demonstrated that VP39 could combine with the host actin. Such a combination would result in the actin skeleton rearrangement.

• Archives of Craniofacial Surgery
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.122-127
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• 2017

Castleman's disease (CD) is an uncommon benign lymphoproliferative disorder of unknown etiology. Histopathologically, it is divided into three types: hyaline-vascular, plasma cellular, and multicentric CD. The mass usually presents asymptomatically; however, it can cause non-specific symptoms such as fever and fatigue. Although CD can be found wherever lymph nodes are present, 75% of cases are reported in the mediastinum, and occurrence in the head and neck is rare. Herein, we report a rare case of CD presenting as a superficial mass in the temporal region. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of temporal CD in Korea involving a young patient.

• Proceedings of the Korean Environmental Sciences Society Conference
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• 2005.05a
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• pp.241-244
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• 2005

The aim of this study was to determine the first outbreaks of nontoxic Gonyaulax polygramma Stein in Yeosu waters in place of harmful Cochlodinium polykrikoides Margalef, which has occurred annually in the same coastal region since 1995. The observation of cellular arrangement and structure by electron microscopy showed that G. polygramma isolated from Yeosu waters had a few spines connecting with mem-branes and prominent longitudinal ridges on the cell surface, with a cingular dis-placement 1.5 times their cell width. Furthermore, the location of the nucleus wasposterior of large oval formation according to electron microscopy. On 6 August, 2004,the first bloom of G. pozygramma occurred, the date of own its disappearance was with a maximum cell density of 8,000 cells ml$^{-1}$ on 21 August, 2004. During the period of this study, the horizontal distribution of sea water temperature and salinity showed a strong coastal front, whereas the front of DIN (Dissolved Inoganic Nitrogen) was significantly different between the occurrence and disappearance of G. polygramma blooms. These results suggested that the process of the breakdown of stratification by wind and a low level of inorganic nitrogen play important roles in the rapid growth of G. polygrmma, which is associated with a greater robustness in growth against DIN than that of C.polykrikoides in nature.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Emotion and Sensibility Conference
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• 2002.05a
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• pp.152-155
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• 2002

In recent years, with the spread of communication media, such as a cellular phone and E-mail, we are able to communicate with others without any restriction of position or time. However, complexity of communicative context has increased so that user has to guess a partner user's situation and status in order to use various medias efficiently. This problem will grow larger as new media are brought in the expanding communications network. To solve this problem, we propose the system that guesses the context in communication by a user's media from the position information on PHS (Personal Handy phone System) and schedule information from schedule application. In this system a user's agent guesses automatically the context that owner has set, and answers the demand of the context from a partner user. Moreover, the agent decides a suitable answer, when there is a demand of communication by the media, which cannot be used.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.11 no.1 s.39
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• pp.167-176
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• 2006

In this paper, a home network access agent, which controls and monitors networked appliances at home using various terminals regardless of user's location, is designed and implemented. The proposed access agent integrates wire and wireless network on a home gateway (or home server) and is accessed with consistent messages using various terminals such as a web terminal, a PDA and a cellular phone. Also, in order to verify the operation and availability of the agent, a user interface for the various terminals is designed and a home network testbed which is accessed and controlled by the terminals is implemented.

• Proceedings of the Korean Operations and Management Science Society Conference
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• 2002.05a
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• pp.136-143
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• 2002

이동 통신망에서 호의 연결 기능를 수행하기 위해서는 이동체(Mobile Terminal)의 위치를 추적할 수 있어야 한다. 이러한 위치추적은 이동체에 의해 수행되는 위치등록과 기지국에 의해 수행되는 페이징에 의해 이루어진다. 하나의 기지국이 담당하는 영역은 셀이라 불리며. 이러한 여러 개의 셀들이 하나의 영역(Zone 흑은 Location Area로 표현됨)을 형성하여 특정의 이동체가 주어진 영역을 벗어나면 위치등록을 하게 되고, 따라서 이 이동체에게 새로운 호가 발생할 때 그 이동체가 최종적으로 등록한 영역에 있는 모든 셀에 페이징 메시지를 보냄으로써 호의 연결이 이루어지는 것이다. 양자는 서로 상쇄관계에 있으며. 양자간의 적절한 부하를 도출하는 것을 이동성 관리(Mobility Management)라고 한다. 기존의 논문에서는 이동성 관리를 위해 이동체의 이동성 모형을 단순히 호 발생률과 이동체의 이동률의 비를 기준으로 분석하였으나, 이것은 연속적인 이동상태나 장기 정지/이동의 패턴은 보여주지 못하고 있다. 본 논문에서는 셀 체류시간의 분포를 다르게 하여 장기정지 상태와 이동 상태가 반복되는 새로운 이동성 모형을 제시하며, 이를 바탕으로 거리기준 위치등록의 최적 기준치를 새로이 도출하며 분석의 결과를 기존 논문과 비교하여, 그 의미를 탐색하고자 한다.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.14 no.7
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• pp.639-647
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• 2005

The aim of this study is to determine the outbreaks of nontoxic Gonyaulax polygramma Stein in Yeosu waters in place of harmful Cochlodinium polykrikoides Margalef, which has occurred annually in the same region since 1995. The observation of cellular arrangement and structure by electron microscopy showed that G. polygramma isolated from Yeosu waters had a few spines connecting with membranes and prominent longitudinal ridges on the cell surface, with a cingular displacement 1.5 times their cell width. Furthermore, the location of the nucleus was posterior of large oval formation according to electron microscopy. On 6 August, 2004, the first bloom of G. polygramma occurred, the date of its disappearance was with a maximum cell density of 8,000 cells $ml^{-1}$ on 21 August, 2004. During the period of this study, the horizontal distribution of sea water temperature and salinity showed a strong coastal front, whereas the front of DIN (Dissolved Inorganic Nitrogen) was significantly different between the occurrence and disappearance of G. polygramma blooms. These results suggested that the process of the breakdown of stratification by wind and a low level of inorganic nitrogen play important roles in the rapid growth of G. polygramma, which is associated with a greater robustness in growth against DIN than that of C. polykrikoides in nature.

• Molecules and Cells
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.186-191
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• 2006

Severe acute respiratory syndrome-associated coronavirus (SARS-CoV), a distant member of the Group 2 coronaviruses, has recently been identified as the etiological agent of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS). The genome of SARS-CoV contains four structural genes that are homologous to genes found in other coronaviruses, as well as six subgroup-specific open reading frames (ORFs). ORF3 encodes a predicted 154-amino-acid protein that lacks similarity to any known protein, and is designated 3b in this article. We reported previously that SARS-CoV 3b is predominantly localized in the nucleolus, and induces G0/G1 arrest and apoptosis in transfected cells. In this study, we show that SARS-CoV 3b fused with EGFP at its N- or C- terminus co-localized with a mitochondriaspecific marker in some transfected cells. Mutation analysis of SARS-CoV 3b revealed that the domain spanning amino acids 80 to 138 was essential for its mitochondria localization. These results provide new directions for studies of the role of SARS-CoV 3b protein in SARS pathogenesis.

• Molecules and Cells
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• v.37 no.1
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• pp.36-42
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• 2014

The tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) is a model plant for genome research in Solanaceae, as well as for studying crop breeding. Genome-wide single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) are a valuable resource in genetic research and breeding. However, to do discovery of genome-wide SNPs, most methods require expensive high-depth sequencing. Here, we describe a method for SNP calling using a modified version of SAMtools that improved its sensitivity. We analyzed 90 Gb of raw sequence data from next-generation sequencing of two resequencing and seven transcriptome data sets from several tomato accessions. Our study identified 4,812,432 non-redundant SNPs. Moreover, the workflow of SNP calling was improved by aligning the reference genome with its own raw data. Using this approach, 131,785 SNPs were discovered from transcriptome data of seven accessions. In addition, 4,680,647 SNPs were identified from the genome of S. pimpinellifolium, which are 60 times more than 71,637 of the PI212816 transcriptome. SNP distribution was compared between the whole genome and transcriptome of S. pimpinellifolium. Moreover, we surveyed the location of SNPs within genic and intergenic regions. Our results indicated that the sufficient genome-wide SNP markers and very sensitive SNP calling method allow for application of marker assisted breeding and genome-wide association studies.