• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.20 no.7
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• pp.9.1-9.13
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• 2017

Background: Metal-responsive transcription factor-1 (MTF-1) is a key transcriptional regulator playing crucial roles in metal homeostasis and cellular adaptation to diverse oxidative stresses. In order to understand cellular pathways associated with metal regulation and stress responses in Pacific abalone (Haliotis discus hannai), this study was aimed to isolate the genetic determinant of abalone MTF-1 and to examine its expression characteristics under basal and experimentally stimulated conditions. Results: The abalone MTF-1 shared conserved features in zinc-finger DNA binding domain with its orthologs; however, it represented a non-conservative shape in presumed transactivation domain region with the lack of typical motifs for nuclear export signal (NES) and Cys-cluster. Abalone MTF-1 promoter exhibited various transcription factor binding motifs that would be potentially related with metal regulation, stress responses, and development. The highest messenger RNA (mRNA) expression level of MTF-1 was observed in the testes, and MTF-1 transcripts were detected during the entire period of embryonic and early ontogenic developments. Abalone MTF-1 was found to be Cd inducible and highly modulated by heat shock treatment. Conclusion: Abalone MTF-1 possesses a non-consensus structure of activation domains and represents distinct features for its activation mechanism in response to metal overload and heat stress. The activation mechanism of abalone MTF-1 might include both indirect zinc sensing and direct de novo synthesis of transcripts. Taken together, results from this study could be a useful basis for future researches on stress physiology of this abalone species, particularly with regard to heavy metal detoxification and thermal adaptation.

• Proceedings of the KSME Conference
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• 2008.11a
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• pp.13-19
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• 2008

A Wire-woven Bulk Kagome (WBK) is the new truss type cellular metal fabricated by assembling the helical wires in six directions. The WBK seems to be promising with respect to morphology, fabrication cost, and raw materials. In this paper, first, the geometric and material properties are defined as the main design parameters of the WBK considering the fact that the failure of WBK is caused by buckling of truss elements. Taguchi approach was used as statistical design of experiment(DOE) technique for optimizing the design parameters in terms of maximizing the compressive strength. Normalized specific strength is constant regardless of slenderness ratio even if material properties changed, while it increases gradually as the strainhardening coefficient decreases. Compressive strength of WBK dominantly depends on the slenderness ratio rather than one of the wire diameter, the strut length. Specifically the failure of WBK under compression by elastic buckling of struts mainly depended on the slenderness ratio and elastic modulus. However the failure of WBK by plastic failed marginally depended on the slenderness ratio, yield stress, hardening and filler metal area.

• Proceedings of the Korean Powder Metallurgy Institute Conference
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• 2006.09a
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• pp.99-100
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• 2006

Cellular metals based on Iron have been intensively investigated during the last two decades. Because of the significant decreasing of the structural density of Iron based cellular structures, numerous technologies have been developed for their manufacturing. Besides the tremendous weight reduction a combination with other properties like energy and noise absorption, heat insulation and mechanical damping can be achieved. This contribution will give an overview about the latest state in Iron based cellular materials, including technologies in manufacturing, properties and potential applications.

• Journal of Advanced Navigation Technology
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• v.17 no.6
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• pp.700-704
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• 2013

Quantum-dot cellular automata(QCA) is a new technology and it is an one of the alternative high performance over existing complementary metal-oxide semi-conductor(CMOS). QCA is nanoscale device and ultra-low power consumption compared with transistor-based technologies, and various circuits using QCA technology have been proposed. Binary-coded decimal(BCD), which represents decimal digits in binary, is mainly used in electronic circuits and Microprocessor, and it is comfortable in conversion operation but many data loss. In this paper, we present an BCD-EXCESS 3 Code converter which can be efficiently used for subtraction and half adjust. The proposed scheme has efficiently designed considering space and time complexities and minimization of noise, and it has been simulated and confirmed.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.11 no.10
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• pp.1069-1074
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• 2002

The growth and heavy metal experiments revealed oppositive interactions between toxic metals(Zn and Cd) and Mn when the coastal diatom T. pseudonana were used. Cd and Zn inhibited the algal growth rate only at low Mn ion concentrations and this effect could be accounted for an inhibition of cellular Mn take by the toxic metals. Mn and Zn inhibited cellular Cd take and this indicated a reciprocal effects among the metals with respect to metal take. Saturation kinetics modeling of the take data was consistent with two metals competing with each other for binding to the Mn take system and with both Cd and Mn being transported into the cell by that system. Mathematical modeling of Mn and Cd take data revealed evidence fur a Cd efflux system.

• ETRI Journal
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• v.42 no.6
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• pp.912-921
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• 2020

Quantum-dot cellular automata (QCA) is an alternative complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) technology that is used to implement high-speed logical circuits at the atomic or molecular scale. In this study, an optimal 2-to-4 decoder in QCA is presented. The proposed QCA decoder is designed using a new formulation based on the MV32 gate. Notably, the MV32 gate has three inputs and two outputs, which is equivalent two 3-input majority gates, and operates based on cellular interactions. A multilayer design is suggested for the proposed decoder. Subsequently, a new and efficient 3-to-8 QCA decoder architecture is presented using the proposed 2-to-4 QCA decoder. The simulation results of the QCADesigner 2.0.3 software show that the proposed decoders perform well. Comparisons show that the proposed 2-to-4 QCA decoder is superior to the previously proposed ones in terms of cell count, occupied area, and delay.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers A
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• v.34 no.11
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• pp.1659-1666
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• 2010

In this study, a new type of wire-woven cellular metal named WBD(wire-woven bulk diamond) was developed. Like WBK(wire-woven bulk Kagome), WBD is composed of helically formed wires; WBK was introduced a few years ago, and its mechanical, thermal properties, and engineering applications have been extensively investigated. The number of wires that pass by one another at each cross point in WBD is four, whereas that in WBK is three. The mechanical behavior of WBD subjected to compression was investigated and the results were compared to those for WBK. For a given slenderness ratio the density and yield strength of WBD were about twice as high as those for WBK, but elastic stiffness of WBD was not that higher than that for WBK.

• Toxicological Research
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.195-201
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• 2009

Recent publications showed that metal nanoparticles which are made from $TiO_2,\;CeO_2,\;Al_2O_3,\;CuCl_2,\;AgNO_3$ and $ZnO_2$ induced oxidative stress and pro-inflammatory effects in cultured cells and the responses seemed to be common toxic pathway of metal nanoparticles to the ultimate toxicity in animals as well as cellular level. In this study, we compared the gene expression induced by two different types of metal oxide nanoparticles, titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TNP) and cerium dioxide nanoparticles (CNP) using microarray analysis. About 50 genes including interleukin 6, interleukin 1, platelet-derived growth factor $\beta$, and leukemia inhibitory factor were induced in cultured BEAS2B cells treated with TNP 40 ppm. When we compared the induction levels of genes in TNP-treated cells to those in CNP-treated cells, the induction levels were very correlated in various gene categories (r=0.645). This may suggest a possible common toxic mechanism of metal oxide nanoparticles.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.29-35
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• 2007

Trace mineral studies involving metal ion chelators have been conducted in investigating the response of gene and protein expressions of certain cell lines but a few had really focused on how these metal ion chelators could affect the availability of important trace minerals such as Zn, Mn, Fe and Cu. The aim of the present study was to investigate the availability of Zn for the treatment of MC3T3-E1 osteoblast-like cells and the availability of some trace minerals in the cell culture media components after using chelexing resin in the FBS and the addition of N,N,N',N'-tetrakis-(2-pyridylmethyl)ethylenediamine (TPEN, membrane-permeable chelator) and diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid (DTPA, membrane-impermeable chelator) in the treatment medium. Components for the preparation of cell culture medium and Zn-treated medium have been tested for Zn, Mn, Fe and Cu contents by atomic absorption spectrophotometer or inductively coupled plasma spectrophotometer. Also, the expression of bone-related genes (ALP, Runx2, PTH-R, ProCOL I, OPN and OC) was measured on the cellular Zn depletion such as chelexing or TPEN treatment. Results have shown that using the chelexing resin in FBS would significantly decrease the available Zn (p<0.05) $(39.4{\pm}1.5{\mu}M\;vs\;0.61{\pm}10.15{\mu}M)$ and Mn (p<0.05) $(0.74{\pm}0.01{\mu}M\;vs\;0.12{\pm}0.04{\mu}M)$. However, levels of Fe and Cu in FBS were not changed by chelexing FBS. The use of TPEN and DTPA as Zn-chelators did not show significant difference on the final concentration of Zn in the treatment medium (0, 3, 6, 9, $12{\mu}M$) except for in the addition of higher $15{\mu}M\;ZnCl_2$ which showed a significant increase of Zn level in DTPA-chelated treatment medium. Results have shown that both chelators gave the same pattern for the expression of the five bone-related genes between Zn and Zn+, and TPEN-treated experiments, compared to chelex-treated experiment, showed lower bone-related gene expression, which may imply that TPEN would be a stronger chelator than chelex resin. This study showed that TPEN would be a stronger chelator compared to DTPA or chelex resin and TPEN and chelex resin exerted cellular zinc depletion to be enough for cell study for Zn depletion.

• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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• v.15 no.6
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• pp.425-429
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• 1987

The extra-cellular hemolysin from Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. israelensis was purified in the process of suiting with (NH$_4$)$_2$SO$_4$, Sephadex G-200 gel filtration, and DEAE-cellulose column chromatography. The purified hemolysin had molecular weight of approximately 47,000 dalton on SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. The activity of purified hemolysin on human red blood cells was increased by thiol agents, but that was Inhibited by cholesterol, protease treatment, and metal salts such as CuSO$_4$, and FeSO$_4$, respectively.