• 유기물자원화
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.55-62
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• 1996

본 연구에서는 중금속에 대한 지렁이 분변토의 흡착특성을 활성탄과 비교함으로서 중금속 함유폐수처리를 위한 경제적인 흡착제로서 활용가능성을 평가하기 위한 연구를 수행하였다. 지렁이를 이용한 퇴비화에 사용된 슬러지는 피혁슬러지와 우분슬러지를 7:3으로 혼합하여 부숙시킨 것을 사용하였다. 분변토의 물리화학적 특성을 평가하기 위한 용출실험으로부터 분변토는 약간의 pH의 완충능력과 55.1me/100g의 양이온교환능력을 가지는 것으로 평가되었다. 분변토의 중금속에 대한 흡착평형시간은 90분 이내로서 활성탄과 큰 차이가 없었으며, Pb, Cu, Cd, Cr, Zn의 제거효율은 활성탄이 각각 98%, 93%, 94%, 89%, 82%, 분변토는 95%, 90%, 88%, 80%, 66%로 평가되었다. 흡착제 양의 변화에 따른 흡착특성을 Freundlich 등온 흡착식으로 해석한 결과 1/n값은 분변토의 경우 0.28~0.74로서 활성탄의 0.29~0.56에 근접하는 결과를 얻을 수 있었으며, 이 결과로부터 분변토를 경제적인 중금속흡착제로 사용 가능한 것으로 평가되었다. 또한, 분변토의 중금속 성분별 흡착선호성향을 활성탄과 비교 분석한 결과 분변토는 Pb>Cu>Cd>Cr>Zn의 순이었으며, 활성탄은 Pb>Cd>Cu>Cr>Zn의 순이었다.

• 분석과학
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.394-398
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• 2000

The mineralogical properties of natural zeolite comixed with montmorillonite were investigated by the chemical composition analysis, X-ray diffraction analysis, and differential scanning calorimetry. The experimental results on the removal of heavy metal ions by using the natural sample are summerized as follows. The removal of the heavy metal in solution is greatly influenced by the pH. Also, the removal capacity of heavy metal ions by zeolite and montmorillonite have increased in order of $Cu^{2+}>Cd^{2+}>Ni^{2+}$.

• 한국염색가공학회지
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.20-29
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• 2005

Cotton fabric was treated with a reactive anionic agent in order to have anionic sites(-S03-) on it, which made it possible for the fabric to adsorb various cationic materials. In this study, the adsorptivity of various heavy metal ions such as Pb(II), Cd(II), Cr(III), Co(II), Cu(II), Ni (II) and Cr(VI) on the cotton fabrics treated with anionic agent was examined at the various conditions; concentrations of heavy metal ions, pHs of solution, reaction time and temperature. As a result, the adsorptivity of the heavy metal ions on the cotton fabrics treated with the anionic agent was highly increased comparing to that of untreated cotton fabrics. The order of the adsorptivity was as follows: $Pb(II)>Cd(II)>Cu(II)\geqNi(II)\geqCo(II)>Cr(III)\ggCr(VI)$. The adsorption amounts of most heavy metal ions were increased in weak alkaline conditions and were reached to an adsorption equilibrium within 10 ~ 30 minutes. The maximum adsorption ratios of Pb(II) and Cd(II) were respectively 99% and 80% of the initial concentration of heavy metal ions. Therefore the anionized cotton fabrics seem to be utilized as an adsorption fabrics for the removal of heavy metal ions in the waste water.

• 한국지하수토양환경학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지하수토양환경학회 2005년도 총회 및 춘계학술발표회
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• pp.363-370
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• 2005

There are approximately 2,000 metallic mines which have been abandoned in Korea. Most of the mines are located in the watershed area, which is main source of drinking water for Seoul Metropolitan area. Untreated mining wastes are remained around abandoned mines in study area. These mining wastes, flowing into farmland and stream in the downstream of abandoned mines, would cause water and soil pollution. The mining waste samples from Guedo mine, Manjung mine and Joil mine recently abandoned were collected for the evaluation of the potential of water pollution by mine waste. Index of geoaccumulation($M\"{u}ller$, 1979), fractional composition and removal efficiency of some heavy metals by different concentration of HCl treatment were analyzed. Index of geoaccumulation of Cd, Pb, Zn, Cu, Ni and Cr are 6, $4{\sim}6,\;0{\sim}6,\;4{\sim}5$, 2 and 0 respectively. Index of geoaccumulation of Cd, Pb, Zn and Cu reveals the mining wastes has high pollution pottential in the area. Organic fraction of Cu, reducible fraction of Pb, residual fraction of Ni and Zn were the most abundant fraction of heavy metals in mining wastes.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제8권5호
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• pp.607-610
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• 1999

The odor removal of landfill site leachate was carried out using pyroligenous liquid. The constituent elements of pyroligenous liquid and leachate were also analysed, employing Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy(AAS). Before order removal, the heavy metal ions such as Pb, Zn, Cu, Mn, Fe and Ni, in pyroligenous liquid were detected with ultra trace level. However, in this liquid, other metal ions such as As, Hg and Cd were not observed. The optimum condition for removing odor fromthe leachate was observed in 15 times dilution of pyroligenous liquid. Also, the degree of outlet odor was 1. Furthermore, the concentration of odor constituent compounds, e.g. $H_2S, NH_3, NH_2$ and $CO_2$ in the leachate was remarkably reduced. Finally, water quality of the leachate was improved.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제10권4호
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• pp.299-304
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• 2001

For the remediation of the contaminated soil with heavy metals, Cd, Cr, Cu, and Pb, the reaction parameters were optimized. Tartaric acid (TA) and oxalic acid(OA) as a washing agent and recovery of metals, The optimum washing conditions of TA and OA were in the ratio of 1 : 20 between soil and acid solution during 2hr reaction under unbuffered pH solutions. At the optimized reaction conditions, the removal efficiencies were compared with that of 0.1 M HCl and ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid(EDTA). TA showed higher efficiency on the removal of Pb than that of EDTA, which established for the remediation of contaminated soil with Pb and Cd metals. The recovery of metal ions from washing solution was achieved by adding calcium hydroxide and sodium sulfide by forming the precipitation of metal hydroxide and metal slfied. Optimum amounts of sodium sulgide and calcium hydroxide were Cd = 25g/$\ell$, Cu = 5~10g/$\ell$ and Pb = 5~10g/$\ell$ for the washing solution of OA and 2~5g/$\ell$ for the washing solution of TA, respectively. The amounts of $Na_2S$ and $CA(OH)_2$ for the tartaric acid was less than that of oxalic acid.

• 대한환경공학회지
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.313-321
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• 2000

본 연구는 AFMR(Anaerobic Floating Media Reactor) 공정을 이용하여 폐광산폐수로부터 중금속을 제거하기 위한 연구로서 본 연구에서는 두 개의 AFMR 반응조를 HRT 3일, COD/sulfate 비는 0.3~0.8, 운전온도는 $30^{\circ}C{\sim}35^{\circ}C$, 알칼리도는 1,000 mg/l(as $CaCO_3$)으로 운전하였다. 실험결과 AFMR 반응조는 COD/sulfate 비 0.5, 운전온도 $35^{\circ}C$에서 환원된 $SO{_4}^{2-}$양/제거된 COD양(mg/mg) 비는 약 1를 유지하였으며, 중금속 Cr, Pb, Fe은 99.99%, Cd 98%, Mn 90%의 제거효율을 나타내었다. 운전온도를 $35^{\circ}C$에서 $30^{\circ}C$로 감온시킬 때 AFMR 반응조내의 환원된 $SO{_4}^{2-}$양/제거된 COD양(mg/mg) 비는 1.37배로 증가하였다. 또한 운전온도 $30^{\circ}C$, COD/sulfate 비는 0.4일 때 최대의 황산염 환원을 보였으며 이때 유입되는 중금속인 Fe, Pb, Cr은 99.99%, Zn, Cd, Cu는 99.9%, Mn 97.3%의 중금속 제거효율을 보였다.

• 자원리싸이클링
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• 제6권3호
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• pp.28-35
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• 1997

조개껍질(굴, 고막)을 수처리재로 활용하기 위한 기초 실험으로 중금속(Cd, Cu, Fe, Mn, Pb, Zn)과 유기성분(TCE(Trichlo-roethylene)와 PCE(Tetrachroethylene))의 흡착능을 조사했다. 수산화칼슘으로 이루어진 굴과 고막껍질의 소성 분말 주입에 따른 중금속 제거효율은 Mn, Zn, Fe, Cd, Cu, Pb의 순이었다. 우수한 중금속 흡착능은 조개껍질의 $Ca(OH)_2$ 성분에 의한 높은 pH유지에 따른 중금속 탄산염과 수산화물의 형성에 의한 침전작용, 조개껍질의 칼슘 매트릭스 구조에 의한 중금속의 고정화와 잔존하는 불용성 유기물의 결합 등의 작용이라고 본다. 이와 같은 굴껍질은 침출수의 중화작용과 동시에 우수한 중금속 흡착능을 가지고 있어, 이것을 수처리로 활용될 경우, 저렴한 재료의 확보와 더욱이 부가가치가 높은 폐부산자원을 활용한 정화용 세라믹스 담체의 개발로 폐부산자원 폐기처리 문제 이외의 환경정화용 세라믹스 및 담체 등의 환경분야 사업으로 확장 발전시킬 수 있다고 본다.

• 대한환경공학회지
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• 제31권9호
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• pp.755-764
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• 2009

시화호 인공습지내 표층퇴적토에 의한 오염물질 제거효율을 평가하기 위하여 표층퇴적물내 물질함량과 퇴적토에 의한 오염물질의 용출여부를 조사하였다. 조사기간 동안 표층퇴적물의 COD, TOC, IL, TN, TP 함량은 각각 4.1~47.7 mg/g, 0.29~2.81%, 1.88~8.15%, 0.03~0.35%, 362~1,150 ${\mu}g$/g의 범위로 조사지점과 시기에 따라 차이를 보였다. 유기물과 TN 함량은 봄에 높고 시간이 지날수록 감소하는 경향을 보인 반면 TP 함량은 유의적인 차이를 보이지 않았다(3월${\geq}$5월${\geq}$7월${\geq}$9월, p=0.003 for COD, p=0.001 for TOC, p=0.017 for IL, p=0.015 for TN). 표층퇴적토의 중금속 함량은 As 3.5~13.9 ${\mu}g$/g, Cd 0.08~0.38 ${\mu}g$/g, Cr 51.8~107.0 ${\mu}g$/g, Cu 16.4~81.8 ${\mu}g$/g, Pb 26.8~81.8 ${\mu}g$/g, Zn 85~559 ${\mu}g$/g의 범위로 항목에 따라 상이한 시공간적인 분포를 보였다. 퇴적물환경기준으로 볼 때 유기물 함량은 대부분 기준 이하의 수준을 보인 반면 TN과 TP는 "중간오염" 또는 "심한 오염" 수준을 보였다. 그리고 중금속 함량은 Cd과 Pb을 제외한 모든 항목에서 퇴적물 환경기준으로 초과하는 것으로 나타났다. 퇴적토의 용출실험 결과로부터 TN, Pb, Zn은 퇴적토에 의해 제거되는 반면 TP, Cd, Cu는 퇴적토로부터 용출되는 경향을 보였다. 그러므로 시화호 인공습지에서 표층퇴적토의 수질정화기능을 향상시킬 수 있는 방안수립이 필요하다.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제9권5호
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• pp.409-414
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• 2000

In order to examine the availability and effectiveness of crab shell for the removal of heavy metals in aqueous solution the crab shell was compared with cation exchange resin(CER), zeolite granular activated carbon (GAC) and powdered activated carbon(PAC) on aspects of heavy metal removal capacity rate and efficiency. In the removal of Pb, Cd and Cr, the heavy metal removal capacity of crab shell was higher than those of any other sorbents (CER, zeolite, GAC, PAC) and the order of heavy metal removal capacity was crab shell>CER>zeolite>PAC GAC. However in the removal of Cu, the result of crab shell was slightly lower than that of CER. The initial heavy metal removal rate was affected by the sorts of sorbents and metals. In all heavy metals the heavy metal removal rate of crab shell was higher than those of any other sorbents. Under the heavy metal concentration of 1.0 mmole/$\ell$ the heavy metal removal efficiency of crab shell was maintained as 93~100% which was much higher than those of any other sorbents.