• Korean Journal of Radiology
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• v.21 no.5
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• pp.526-536
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• 2020

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the clinical benefits and risks of CT-guided percutaneous transthoracic needle lung biopsies (PTNBs) in patients with a suspected pulmonary infection. Materials and Methods: This study included 351 CT-guided PTNBs performed in 342 patients (mean age, 58.9 years [range, 17-91 years]) with suspected pulmonary infection from January 2010 to December 2016. The proportion of biopsies that revealed the causative organism for pulmonary infection and that influenced patient's treatment were measured. Multivariate analyses were performed to identify factors associated with PTNB that revealed the causative organism or affected the treatment. Finally, the complication rate was measured. Results: CT-guided PTNB revealed the causative organism in 32.5% of biopsies (114/351). The presence of necrotic components in the lesion (odds ratio [OR], 1.7; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.1-2.7; p = 0.028), suspected pulmonary tuberculosis (OR, 2.0; 95% CI, 1.2-3.5; p = 0.010), and fine needle aspiration (OR, 2.5; 95% CI, 1.1-5.8; p = 0.037) were factors associated with biopsies that revealed the causative organism. PTNB influenced patient's treatment in 40.7% (143/351) of biopsies. The absence of leukocytosis (OR, 1.9; 95% CI, 1.0-3.7; p = 0.049), presence of a necrotic component in the lesion (OR, 2.4; 95% CI, 1.5-3.8; p < 0.001), and suspected tuberculosis (OR, 1.7; 95% CI, 1.0-2.8; p = 0.040) were factors associated with biopsies that influenced the treatment. The overall complication rate of PTNB was 19% (65/351). Conclusion: In patients with suspected pulmonary infection, approximately 30-40% of CT-guided PTNBs revealed the causative organism or affected the treatment. The complication rate of PTNB for suspected pulmonary infection was relatively low.

• Kosin Medical Journal
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.159-170
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• 2018

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to compare antibiotic resistance patterns between first urinary tract infection (UTI) and recurrent UTI groups and to obtain information regarding empirical antibiotic selection for treating recurrent UTI. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed 148 children treated for UTIs from January 2009 to June 2016. The patients were divided into two groups: first UTI (N = 148) and recurrent UTI (17 patients and 20 episodes). Results: In both groups, Escherichia coli was the most frequent causative organism, accounting for 89.9% and 75.0% in the first and recurrent UTI groups, respectively. When E. coli or Klebsiella pneumoniae was the causative organism, extended-spectrum ${\beta}-lactamase$ (ESBL)-producing organisms were more frequent in the recurrent UTI group (17.6%) than in the first UTI group (14.0%); however, this difference was not statistically significant (P = 0.684). Cefotaxime was the most frequently used first-line empirical antibiotic in both groups. In the first UTI and recurrent UTI groups, 7.4% and 15.0% of patients were treated with intravenous antibiotics as definitive therapy, respectively (P = 0.250). Fifteen out of 17 patients having a second UTI had different causative organisms or antibiotic susceptibility patterns compared to their previous episode. Conclusions: Escherichia coli was the most frequent causative organism in the recurrent UTI group. There were no differences in the proportion of ESBL-producing organisms between the first UTI and recurrent UTI groups. Therefore, when a UTI recurs in children, the antibiotics effective on the most common causative organism might be administered as empirical antibiotics.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Service
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.251-258
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• 2007

Bovine brucellosis has occurred for years in Gyeonggi province under the national test and slaughter scheme. The serum agglutination test (SAT) is a diagnostic tool to confirm the disease despite the argument on its specificity. We selected 8 farms where only one or two individuals were diagnosed as brucellosis through SAT at the primary regular herd check and isolated the causative organism and characterized the species by species-specific PCR. The pathogen isolation was successful in 6 farms out of 8 farms by microbiological culture, showing the successful rate of 75%. The isolation rate of the causative organism represents 70% from supra-mammary lymph node and 60% from uterine tissues. They were characterized as Brucella abortus biovar 1 after biotyping by PCR, showing the fragment of 498 bp. Five of 8 farms were diagnosed as brucellosis two to four times more over the intervals of two or three months. Here in this study we briefly showed the correlation of the sporadic outbreak of brucellosis tested by SAT and the isolation of the causative organism. Moreover one or two reactors against brucellosis among considerable size of herd may indicate that SAT failed to detect potentially infected individuals in the incubation stage or chronic phase of the disease.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.119-123
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• 1988

Attempts were made to determine the clinical features and the causative organism of ringworm occurred in a cat in Chinju city, Korea. Alopecia and greyish white crusty lesions were observed around the eye, nose and posterior limb while irregular, partial loss of hairs and white scales were in the ear, neck and abdomen lesions. Direct microscopic and cultural examination were carried out for the hairs and crusts taken from the skin lesions, and the causative organism was identified as M. canis.

• Childhood Kidney Diseases
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.29-35
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• 2019

Purpose: We aimed to determine characteristics of host, causative organisms, and antibiotic susceptibility of bacteria in pediatric patients with UTI living in metropolitan area of Korea. Methods: Retrospective investigation was done for the causative organisms of UTI in 683 pediatric cases treated at Ajou University Hospital from 2012 to 2017. Patients were classified into Escherichia coli and non-E. coli group, where E. coli group was subdivided into ESBL(+) and ESBL(-) groups based on whether the bacteria could produce extended spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL). Antibiotic susceptibility of the causative organism was also determined. Results: A total of 683 UTIs occurred in 550 patients, of which 463 (67.8%) were first-time infection and 87 (32.2%) were recurrent ones (2-7 recurrences, 2.52 average), and 64.9% were male and 35.1% were female. The most common causative organism was E. coli (77.2%) and ESBL(+) E. coli was found in 126 cases. The susceptibility of E. coli to 3rd or 4th generation cephalosporin was relatively higher than that to ampicillin or amoxicillin/clavulanic acid. ESBL(+) E. coli showed higher resistance rate to 3rd or 4th generation cephalosporin than ESBL(-) E. coli. Conclusion: New treatment guideline should be considered due to the incidence of ESBL(+) E. coli increased up to one quarter of UTI cases.

• Proceedings of the Korea Committee for Ocean Resources and Engineering Conference
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• 2006.11a
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• pp.469-472
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• 2006

The primary objective of this study was to gain insight into the characteristics of algal blooms in relation to the marine environment of the Korean Southern Coast, using more than 22 years worth of data since the first known occurrence of algal blooms. Algal blooms tend to occur when the precipitation or water temperature for a ten-day period prior to the annual bloom exceeds the long-term mean value. There are three notable causative species in six different inner bays, namely Prorocentrum sp., Skeletonema costatum, and Heterosigma akashiwo, and in addition, these three species appeared in different conditions of water temperature and salinity at each region.

• Journal of Trauma and Injury
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• v.35 no.2
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• pp.139-143
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• 2022

Bacterial infection of skeletal muscle can lead to the formation of abscesses. Primary pyomyositis is typically seen in tropical countries, and Staphylococcus aureus is the commonest causative organism. We present a case of acute adductor magnus muscle abscess (pyomyositis) with spread to adjacent thigh compartments via the perforators without iliopsoas muscle involvement. Due to the involvement of the entire thigh compartment, systemic antibiotic treatment alone was insufficient, whereas surgical drainage improved the clinical picture. The aetiological organism was S. aureus. Herein, we report the case of a patient who had primary pyomyositis, rather than a secondary type, that spread to the posterior and lateral aspect of the thigh through the second and third perforators, which pierce the adductor magnus muscle belly before entering the femur.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.36 no.4
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• pp.829-837
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• 1996

Clostridium perfringens has been identified as a causative organism in necrotic enteritis in chicken. The bacterium has been classified into five toxigenic types (A through E) based on the pattern of the production of major lethal toxins. Seroneutralization with mice or guinea pigs usually has been used to type the organism. Of the types, types A and C of the bacterium had been recognized as the major pathogenic types in chicken. In this experiment, we isolated nine field strains of C perfringens from chicken showing necrotic enteritis in clinical symptoms and pathologic findings and identified by biochemical tests. In order to type the organism, a multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used with primers on major lethal toxin genes instead of seroneutralization. Amplification of only a toxin gene with the PCR suggested that the disease in chicken was due to type A of C perfringens in Korea. Furthermore, the PCR method can be replaced with seroneutralization to type C perfringens in future.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.483-493
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• 1989

Echinococcal or hydatid cyst is one of the most important zoonoses and commonly seen throughout the world, especially sheep and cattle raising areas, but rare in Korea. The causative organism, Echinococcus granulosus, is a small tapeworm and dogs are the usual source of infestation. Lung is the second most common focus for this disease, after liver. Recently, with increasing numbers of Koreans visiting to those endemic countries especially Middle East, the reports of hydatidosis are increasing. Authors experienced two cases of pulmonary hydatid cyst in the 31 year old male and 44 year old male who had a history of spending 2 * 3 years in Middle East. we found them in incidental routine chest X-ray.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.147-154
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• 1986

Vibriosis has caused severe losses among cultured yellowtail (Seriola quinquerediata) at some cage farms in Korea in recent years. Major object of this study was to investigate the causative organism of the diseased cultured yellowtail. The samples were collected from the aquarium of Fisheries Research & Development Agency during the period from November 1984 to January 1985. The experimental results are summarized as follows ; Among the isolated bacteria from the diseased yellowtail, Vibrio sp. isolated from the kidney was considered to he the causative organism. Tetracycline, chloramphenicol and gentamycin were observed as bacteriostatic agents to the pathogenic strain, but sulfisomezole and sulfisoxasole were not. When the isolated strain was injected intramuscularly to yellowtail, rid sea-bream, rock-bream and common carp, it had virulence at $25^{\circ}C$ to all fish examined but to virulence at $15^{\circ}C$ except for yellowtail.