• 한국산림과학회지
• /
• 제90권5호
• /
• pp.663-671
• /
• 2001

이 연구는 이자율의 변화가 임산물수입량에 미치는 영향을 우리나라 시장을 대상으로 분석하였다. 첫번째 목적은 이자율의 변화가 임산물수입량 변화의 원인이 되는지, 즉 인과관계를 파악하는 것이고, 두번째 목적은 이자율의 변화가 임산물수입량에 얼마만큼 얼마동안 영향을 미치는지, 즉 동태적 영향을 추정하는 것이다. 이자율과 임산물수입량의 관계는 자기회귀모형에 의해 만들어졌다. 인과관계 파악은 인과성검정을 이용하였고, 동태분석은 분산분해분석과 충격반응분석을 이용하였다. 결과에 의하면 이자율의 변화는 임산물 중에서 합판수입량 변화의 원인이 되었다. 합판의 경우에 어느 시기의 수입량은 그 시기 이전의 이자율에 의해 20%, 그 시기 이전의 수입량에 의해 80% 가량 설명되었다. 또한 이자율의 변화는 합판수입량에 6개월까지 영향을 미쳤다. 즉 이자율의 변화가 합판수입량에 영향을 미쳤더라도 단기간에 불과했다.

• 한국가족복지학
• /
• 제55호
• /
• pp.31-58
• /
• 2017

본 연구는 가족갈등과 가구주 우울수준의 종단적 상호관계를 탐색하는 연구이다. 한국복지패널자료(2006-2009년)를 활용하여 가족갈등과 가구주 우울수준을 측정하였고, 다중회귀분석(multiple regression analysis)과 자기회귀교차지연모형분석(autoregressive cross-lagged model)을 통해상호영향력을 검증하였다. 본 연구의 주요 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 가족갈등수준이 가구주의 우울수준에, 가구주의 우울수준이 가족갈등수준에 미치는 단일방향의 회귀계수는 관련 변수들을 통제한 상태에서도 각각 유의한 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 가족갈등수준과 가구주 우울수준은 4년 동안 자기회귀계수와 교차지연회귀계수가 모두 유의한 것으로 나타났다. 이는 가족체계이론에서 제시하는 가족문제의 상호 순환론적 인과관계가 가족갈등과 가구주 우울수준의 관계에도 적용이 가능함을 시사한다. 이러한 결과를 바탕으로 가족갈등과 가구주 우울수준의 부정적 상호 순환 관계를 차단하기 위해 개인과 가족에 대한 동시적 접근의 필요성이 강조되었다. 본 연구의 이론적, 실천적, 정책적 함의가 논의되었다.

• 기술혁신학회지
• /
• 제17권1호
• /
• pp.146-173
• /
• 2014

기술혁신을 포함한 기업의 혁신이 기업과 산업의 성장 및 경쟁우위에 기여한다는 연구는 많으나, 주로 연구개발 집약도 또는 특허로 측정되는 기술적 혁신의 성과 검증에 집중되어왔다. 또한 혁신의 단계 또는 프로세스에 관한 기존 모형들은 대부분 기술 혁신을 대상으로 아이디어 창출-기술개발-혁신성과 도출의 과정을 설명하고 있지만, 이러한 모형들은 지식의 창출과정을 설명하는 모형이거나 기술적인 혁신에 국한된 지식의 변환구조에 초점이 맞추어져있다. 본 연구는 기존의 혁신 모형을 확장하여 혁신 활동부터 기업의 운영성과와 재무적 성과까지를 포괄하는 모형을 설정하고, 이들 간의 경로들이 실제로 존재하는지를 규명하는 인과적인 경로분석을 수행하였다. 분석결과 첫째, 혁신활동이 늘어나면 신제품 출시, 공정혁신, 특허출원과 같은 혁신의 성과가 늘어나고, 혁신성과는 기업의 운영성과를 높이며, 운영성과는 매출성장률을 향상시키는 경로가 검증되었다. 둘째, 종속변수가 혁신성과, 기업운영성과, 재무적 성과의 방향으로 혁신의 직접적인 성과로부터 거리가 멀어질수록 혁신활동의 영향력이 점차 감소함을 확인하였다. 셋째, 혁신성과가 매출성장률에 미치는 효과는 소기업이 중기업보다 높으며, 중기업의 경우 혁신성과는 매출성장률에 긍정적인 영향이 있을 뿐만 아니라 영업이익률에 미치는 효과가 존재함을 검증하였다. 그러나 대기업의 경우 혁신성과가 재무적 성과에 미치는 직접 및 간접 효과는 확인되지 않았다. 넷째, 혁신의 전유성은 혁신성과, 특허출원건수, 기업운영성과에 모두 긍정적인 영향을 미치고 있음을 실증하였다.

• 성인간호학회지
• /
• 제20권4호
• /
• pp.641-651
• /
• 2008

Purpose: this study was to develop and test the structural model that explains husband and wife compatibility and family health of married middle-aged. A hypothetical model explaining husband and wife compatibility and family health based on literature reviews. There were three theoretical variables and twelve observed variables in hypothetical model. Methods: Data collection was carried out May through July 2005. Data were collected by self-reporting questionnaires from 854 married middle-aged who lived in Seoul, Busan, Daegu, Kyungnam, Kyungpook. Collected data was analyzed using SPSS/WIN 12.0 for descriptive statistics, Pearson Correlation coefficient, and Kolmogorov-Smirnov analysis. Results: LISREL program was used to find the best fit normal which assumes causal relationship among variables. This model was to be good fitting and parsimonious to measure husband and wife compatibility and family health of married middle-aged. Conclusion: Differentiation of self and husband and wife compatibility predicted level of family health. Therefore, a family health improvement program needs to include these two variables.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
• /
• 제7권5호
• /
• pp.259-268
• /
• 2020

This study aims to provide empirical evidence on the causal relationship between bribery and firm innovation. To this end, we use a micro-dataset of small and medium firms in Vietnam surveyed in 2015. Given the binary nature of the dependent variable, a simple probit regression model is employed. However, as bribery variable is potentially endogenous, a simple probit regression may give biased estimates. We deal with the potential endogeneity by making use of the bivariate probit model. A property of the bivariate probit model is that it can produce efficient estimates of a typical probit model with endogenous binary explanatory variable. A Hausman-like likelihood ratio test is implemented following the estimation to test the existence of endogeneity. We find that bribery significantly undermines firm innovation. Also, firms run by household appear less innovative. The probability of innovation diminishes significantly if firm owners or managers have previous experience in firm products. As expected, larger firms seem to be more innovative. Exporters tend to be more innovative compared to non-exporters. Our findings provide support to the hypothesis that bribery is detrimental to firm innovation and, thus, innovation may be a mediating channel, through which, bribery impedes firm long-term performance.

• 한국조리학회지
• /
• 제14권2호
• /
• pp.181-192
• /
• 2008

The objective for this study was to clarify the relationships between perceived value, customer satisfaction, switching intention, and loyalty for foodservice. A total of 258 questionnaires were completed. Structural equation model was used to measure the causal effect. Results of the study demonstrated that the confirmatory factor analysis result for the data also indicated good model fit. The unrestricted model yielded a significantly better fit to the data than the restricted model. The influences of perceived value on customer satisfaction, switching intention and loyalty were statistically significant. The influences of customer satisfaction on switching intention and loyalty were statistically significant. Moreover, customer satisfaction played a mediating role in the relationship between perceived value and switching intention. Customer satisfaction also played a mediating role in the relationship between perceived value and loyalty. The obvious implication is the need for further consideration of similar composite models. The possible moderating effects of such individual characteristics as risk aversion, involvement, and experience/expertise, or switching cost might be relevant pursuits in future research. Finally, this research illuminates the need for additional research that considers the effect of perceived value and satisfaction on customers' decision-making and corporate profits.

• 복식문화연구
• /
• 제20권4호
• /
• pp.573-593
• /
• 2012

The purpose of this study was to investigate consumers' buying intention toward fashion goods through global internet shopping malls. This research employed Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) as a theoretical framework and was extended to introduce fashion innovativeness, clothing involvement, consumers' needs for uniqueness, computer self-efficacy as external factors. A total of 381 copies of questionnaires were collected online. The subjects of this study were women. The collected date were analysed by factor analysis, Cronbach's alpha, correlation and path analysis. The results indicated that fashion innovativeness, clothing involvement and consumers' needs for uniqueness had a significant positive affect on perceived usefulness. Consumers' needs for uniqueness and computer self-efficacy had a significant positive affect on perceived ease of use. Perceived usefulness and perceived ease of use were found to influence buying intention toward fashion goods through global internet shopping malls. The results of this study also suggested that perceived ease of use was actually a causal antecedent to perceived usefulness. This study reveled that employing TAM to investigate the buying intention toward fashion goods through global internet shopping malls was appropriate. This study also provides empirical analysis that can serve as a guide for marketers of the fashion industry in activating global internet shopping malls.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
• /
• 제7권12호
• /
• pp.677-682
• /
• 2020

To investigate the nexus between urban population, gross capital formation, and economic growth in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, yearly data was collected from the World Bank for the period 1974- 2018. Basic statistics test and correlation matrix was used to investigate the causal effect among the tested parameters, followed by Augmented Dickey-Fuller (ADF) stationary test, co-integration analysis by Johansen test after that Vector Auto-Correction Model for both short-run and long-run and finally the Granger-Causality tests. Result of unit root test analysis shows that the urban population became stationary at I (0) level while economic growth and gross capital formation became stationary at I (1). Johansen co-integration analysis indicates that there is presence of both long-run and short-run relationship between the three variables in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. The result of the VECM Model reflects that both economic growth and gross capital formation have a negative impact on urban population in the short run. According to the Granger-Causality tests, there is unidirectional causality with the urban population by both gross capital formation and economic growth. Also, the result of the Granger Causality tests show that there is unidirectional causality between economic growth and gross capital formations.

• Journal of Information Technology Applications and Management
• /
• 제22권4호
• /
• pp.1-37
• /
• 2015

Micro small business start-ups are receiving financial and marketing support from government or public authority, but business closure rate is very high and it causes a hugh burden to households and national economy. This study aims to verify the causal relationship between the self-determination characteristic of small business start-ups and entrepreneurial intention through learning orientation and innovation ability. The man's intrinsic motivation of self-determination theory is expected to have an impact on the entrepreneurial intention of small business start-ups. The self-determination theory includes perceived autonomy, perceived competence, perceived relationship as independent variables. This study presented a research model for explaining the entrepreneurial intention of small business start-ups, and collected 260 survey responses from the small business start-ups In order to validate the proposed research model, PLS analysis is performed with valid 246 questionnaires. By PLS technique, the measurement reliability and validity of research variables are tested and the path analysis is conducted to do the hypothesis test. Path analysis shows that perceived autonomy does not significantly affect the learning orientation and innovation ability. On the other hand, perceived competence significantly influences learning orientation and innovation ability. Perceived relationships had significant influence on learning orientation. It is found that the parameters of learning orientation and innovation ability significantly influence the dependent variable of entrepreneurial intention. Based on the results, a policy and strategy for supporting small business start-up are presented.

• 동아시아식생활학회지
• /
• 제24권4호
• /
• pp.457-464
• /
• 2014

This study investigated the effects and interrelationship on sensual behavior and wine information sources in selection attributes of wine. Selection attributes of wine were categorized into four variables: sensual behavior, recommend information, label information, and wine information. The study showed that for sensual behavior variable, "taste" was the most influential item as compared to "food harmony", "mood harmony" and "partner's choice". For recommendation information, label information and wine information, "specialist", "grape varieties" and "brand" had the most significant effects. The study performed factor analysis on sensual behavior and wine information sources. The cumulative variance was 74.197%, implying that all four variables incorporated appropriate items. In the reliability analysis, all four variables showed Cronbach's ${\alpha}$ values above 0.6. In the analysis of the causal relations using a structural model, the effects of customers' sensual behavior on wine information sources was further investigated. The model verified that taste, food harmony, mood harmony and partner's choice, which are items of sensual behavior, had significant impacts when choosing wine. Sensual behavior influenced all wine information sources, which customers utilize in decision-making. Among these sources, sensual behavior had the biggest effects on recommendation information, followed by wine information and label information.