• 제목/요약/키워드: Categorical Perception

검색결과 24건 처리시간 0.024초

Effect of Music Training on Categorical Perception of Speech and Music

  • L., Yashaswini;Maruthy, Sandeep
    • Journal of Audiology & Otology
    • /
    • 제24권3호
    • /
    • pp.140-148
    • /
    • 2020
  • Background and Objectives: The aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of music training on the characteristics of auditory perception of speech and music. The perception of speech and music stimuli was assessed across their respective stimulus continuum and the resultant plots were compared between musicians and non-musicians. Subjects and Methods: Thirty musicians with formal music training and twenty-seven non-musicians participated in the study (age: 20 to 30 years). They were assessed for identification of consonant-vowel syllables (/da/ to /ga/), vowels (/u/ to /a/), vocal music note (/ri/ to /ga/), and instrumental music note (/ri/ to /ga/) across their respective stimulus continuum. The continua contained 15 tokens with equal step size between any adjacent tokens. The resultant identification scores were plotted against each token and were analyzed for presence of categorical boundary. If the categorical boundary was found, the plots were analyzed by six parameters of categorical perception; for the point of 50% crossover, lower edge of categorical boundary, upper edge of categorical boundary, phoneme boundary width, slope, and intercepts. Results: Overall, the results showed that both speech and music are perceived differently in musicians and non-musicians. In musicians, both speech and music are categorically perceived, while in non-musicians, only speech is perceived categorically. Conclusions: The findings of the present study indicate that music is perceived categorically by musicians, even if the stimulus is devoid of vocal tract features. The findings support that the categorical perception is strongly influenced by training and results are discussed in light of notions of motor theory of speech perception.

Effect of Music Training on Categorical Perception of Speech and Music

  • L., Yashaswini;Maruthy, Sandeep
    • 대한청각학회지
    • /
    • 제24권3호
    • /
    • pp.140-148
    • /
    • 2020
  • Background and Objectives: The aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of music training on the characteristics of auditory perception of speech and music. The perception of speech and music stimuli was assessed across their respective stimulus continuum and the resultant plots were compared between musicians and non-musicians. Subjects and Methods: Thirty musicians with formal music training and twenty-seven non-musicians participated in the study (age: 20 to 30 years). They were assessed for identification of consonant-vowel syllables (/da/ to /ga/), vowels (/u/ to /a/), vocal music note (/ri/ to /ga/), and instrumental music note (/ri/ to /ga/) across their respective stimulus continuum. The continua contained 15 tokens with equal step size between any adjacent tokens. The resultant identification scores were plotted against each token and were analyzed for presence of categorical boundary. If the categorical boundary was found, the plots were analyzed by six parameters of categorical perception; for the point of 50% crossover, lower edge of categorical boundary, upper edge of categorical boundary, phoneme boundary width, slope, and intercepts. Results: Overall, the results showed that both speech and music are perceived differently in musicians and non-musicians. In musicians, both speech and music are categorically perceived, while in non-musicians, only speech is perceived categorically. Conclusions: The findings of the present study indicate that music is perceived categorically by musicians, even if the stimulus is devoid of vocal tract features. The findings support that the categorical perception is strongly influenced by training and results are discussed in light of notions of motor theory of speech perception.

Perceptual development in the categorization of pitch accent contrasts in children and adults

  • Kim, Jung-Sun
    • 말소리와 음성과학
    • /
    • 제3권3호
    • /
    • pp.11-18
    • /
    • 2011
  • This paper examines the categorical labeling of lexical pitch accent contrasts in North Kyungsang and South Cholla Korean listeners. It focuses specifically on investigating whether the pitch accent perception of adults and children has a dialect-specific effect. To evaluate the development of perceptual identification, slopes, intercepts, and positions at categorical boundaries were computed using a logistic regression function. The results showed that differences in slopes and intercepts were significant between North Kyungsang child and adult listeners, but the same was not the case for the positions at boundaries. As far as South Cholla child and adult listeners were concerned, there was a significant difference in slopes, but not intercepts and positions at boundaries. In the present study, the comparison of intercepts and slopes at the boundaries indicated developmental differences between North Kyungsang adult and child listeners. This improvement in categorical proportion seems to be a result of developmental changes in categorical perception. For South Cholla adult and child listeners, however, perception of the non-native contrast becomes less categorical.

  • PDF

한국어 초, 중, 종성 혼돈 단음절 최소대립쌍 (CVC)에 대한 정상 성인의 지각경계 연구 (Speech Perception Boundaries of Korean Confusing Monosyllabic Minimal Pairs (CVC) in Normal Adults)

  • 이성민;임덕환
    • 한국음향학회지
    • /
    • 제29권5호
    • /
    • pp.325-331
    • /
    • 2010
  • 청각 범주지각 (categorical perception)은 언어적 자극과 관련되어 나타나는 특징적 현상이다. 본 연구에서는 임상적으로 혼돈되기 쉬운 한국어 초성, 중성, 종성 최소대랍쌍의 지각경계에 관한 분석을 하였다. 이를 위해서 단음절어 최소대립쌍(consonant-vowel-consonant, CVC)인 /곰-공/, /논-눈/, /돈-논/을 물리적 에너지 관점에서 11가지 단계 (index)로 구분하여 변환하였다. 그리고, 정상 성인 (40명)을 대상으로 하여 지각경계 패턴, 지각경계 기울기, 지각경계 폭, 비우위 지수(non-dominant factor) 분포를 분석하였다. 이 결과에서 대립쌍들은 범주지각 과정에서 대립쌍 상호간에서 상대적인 차이가 있음을 보여 주었다. 본 자료에서는 중성 최소대립쌍의 경우가 범주지각이 가장 낮게 나타났으며, 이러한 분석 과정이 청각기능 평가 등에 응용 가능성이 있음을 확인할 수 있었다.

Individual differences in categorical perception: L1 English learners' L2 perception of Korean stops

  • Kong, Eun Jong
    • 말소리와 음성과학
    • /
    • 제11권4호
    • /
    • pp.63-70
    • /
    • 2019
  • This study investigated individual variability of L2 learners' categorical judgments of L2 stops by exploring English learners' perceptual processing of two acoustic cues (voice onset time [VOT] and f0) and working memory capacity as sources of variation. As prior research has reported that English speakers' greater use of the redundant cue f0 was responsible for gradient processing of native stops, we examined whether the same processing characteristics would be observed in L2 learners' perception of Korean stops (/t/-/th/). 22 English learners of L2 Korean with a range of L2 proficiency participated in a visual analogue scaling task and demonstrated variable manners of judging the L2 Korean stops: Some were more gradient than others in performing the task. Correlation analysis revealed that L2 learners' categorical responses were modestly related to individuals' utilizations of a primary cue for the stop contrast (VOT for L1 English stops and f0 for L2 Korean stops), and were also related to better working memory capacity. Together, the current experimental evidence demonstrates adult L2 learners' top-down processing of stop consonants where linguistic and cognitive resources are devoted to a process of determining abstract phonemic identity.

Categorical Perception in intonation

  • Lee, Ho-Young
    • 대한음성학회:학술대회논문집
    • /
    • 대한음성학회 2002년도 11월 학술대회지
    • /
    • pp.86-89
    • /
    • 2002
  • According to Pierrehumbert (1980), two level tones - H and L - are enough in representing intonation of intonational languages. But in Korean, high fall and low fall boundary tones, both of which must be represented as HL% in intonational phonology as in Jun (1993, 1999), are distinct not only acoustically but also functionally. The same is true in the case of high level and mid level boundary tones, which must be represented as H% in intonational phonology. In this paper, I conducted two identification tests to provide crucial evidence that H and L are not enough in intonational phonology. The results of the identification tests show that categorical perception occur between high level and low level as well as between high fall and low fall. Based on this fact and the results of the acoustic analyses in Lee (1999, 2000), I strongly propose to adopt one more level tone - M - to represent Korean boundary tones.

  • PDF

In Search of Models in Speech Communication Research

  • Hiroya, Fujisaki
    • 말소리와 음성과학
    • /
    • 제1권1호
    • /
    • pp.9-22
    • /
    • 2009
  • This paper first presents the author's personal view on the importance of modeling in scientific research in general, and then describes two of his works toward modeling certain aspects of human speech communication. The first work is concerned with the physiological and physical mechanisms of controlling the voice fundamental frequency of speech, which is an important parameter for expressing information on tone, accent, and intonation. The second work is concerned with the cognitive processes involved in a discrimination test of speech stimuli, which gives rise to the phenomenon of so-called categorical perception. They are meant to illustrate the power of models based on deep understanding and precise formulation of the functions of the mechanisms/processes that underlie observed phenomena. Finally, it also presents the author's view on some models that are yet to be developed.

  • PDF

경상 방언 내포문 의문사의 작용역 범주 지각 양상과 반응 속도 연구 (Patterns of categorical perception and response times in the matrix scope interpretation of embedded wh-phrases in Gyeongsang Korean)

  • 윤원희
    • 말소리와 음성과학
    • /
    • 제15권2호
    • /
    • pp.1-11
    • /
    • 2023
  • 경상 방언 내포문 의문사의 작용역 지각 반응 시간과 범주 지각의 양상을 분석하였다. 지각 실험을 위한 자극은 내포문 의문사가 모문 작용역을 갖는 문맥이 주어진 하나의 문장을 40명의 화자가 발화한 것으로, 지각 실험은 24명이 참가하였다. 피험자는 40개의 자극에 대해 모문 작용역(설명 의문문)인지 또는 내포문 작용역(판정 의문문)인지를 선택하게 하는 강제 선택 실험을 3회 진행하고 그 반응 시간을 기록하였다. 모문 작용역 응답 수를 기준으로 자극을 정렬한 후 작용역 응답에 따른 반응 시간을 정렬 순서에 따라 시각화한 결과 모문과 내포문 작용역 응답이 범주적 지각의 결과임이 분명히 나타났으나, 이에 따른 반응 시간의 차이는 크게 나타나지 않았다. 화자에 따른 범주 지각 양상으로 볼 때, 작용역 해석에 영향을 주는 요인은 형태/통사적 제약과 운율 구조적 완결성으로 보이며, 한 요인의 가중치는 다른 요인의 가중치와 반비례 관계에 있는 것으로 해석할 수 있다.

구간 신호 길이 자질과 한국인의 영어 파열음 지각 (The Duration Feature of Acoustic Signals and Korean Speakers' Perception of English Stops)

  • 김문형;전종섭
    • 말소리와 음성과학
    • /
    • 제1권3호
    • /
    • pp.19-28
    • /
    • 2009
  • This paper reports experimental findings about the duration feature of the acoustic components of English stops in Korean speakers' voicing perception. In our experiment, 35 participants discriminated between recorded stimuli and digitally transformed stimuli with different duration features from the original stimuli. 72 sets of paired stimuli are generated to test the effects of the duration feature in various phonetic contexts. The result of our experiment is a complicated cross-tabulation with 540 cells defined by five categorical independent variables plus one response variable. To find a meaningful generalization out of this complex frequency table, we ran logit log-linear regression analyses. Surprisingly, we have found that there is no single effect of the duration feature in all phonetic contexts on Korean speakers' perception of the voicing contrasts of English stops. Instead, the logit log-linear analyses reveal that there are interaction effects among phonetic contexts (=C), the places of articulation of stops (=P), and the voicing contrast (=V), and among duration (=T), phonetic contexts, and the places of articulation. To put it in mathematical terms, the distribution of the data can be explained by a simple log-linear equation, logF=${\mu}+{\lambda}CPV+{\lambda}TCP$.

  • PDF

The continuous or categorical effects for HH vs. HL and HH vs. LH in lexical pitch accent contrasts of Korean

  • Kim, Jungsun
    • 말소리와 음성과학
    • /
    • 제6권4호
    • /
    • pp.53-65
    • /
    • 2014
  • The current research examines whether pitch contour shapes in North Kyungsang pitch accent contrasts provide a phonetic dimension for phonological discreteness in a mimicry task. Two pitch accent continua resynthesized were created for HH vs. HL and HH vs. LH. To confirm a phonetic dimension for accounting for pitch accent categories in North Kyungsang Korean, the mimicries of speakers of two dialects (i.e., North Kyungsang & South Cholla) were compared. One of the findings showed that, for North Kyungsang speakers, the range of mean f0 peak times was a phonetic dimension undergoing a continuous shift within a stimulus continuum for both HH vs. HL and HH vs. LH. On the other hand, for South Cholla speakers, there were no apparent shifts around categorical boundaries for either HH vs. HL or HH vs. LH. Regarding individual mimicries on f0 peak timing, there are many variations. For HH vs. LH, three North Kyungsang speakers showed a discrete pattern reflecting a shift in phonological categories, but for HH vs. HL, there was no such distinction showing a categorical shift, though there were statistically significant differences for two speakers. Interestingly, one of the North Kyungsang speakers showed a continuous phonetic dimension for both HH vs. HL and HH vs. LH. Lastly, the f0 valley timing did not exhibit a discrete or gradient phonetic dimension for speakers of either dialect. On the basis of these results, what is interesting is that the tonal target such as high tone in North Kyungsang pitch accent categories within the autosegmental-metrical (AM) theory may be realized within individual cognitive systems for representing the interaction of perception and production.