• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.37 no.1
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• pp.95-97
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• 2004

Pulmonary endometriosis is a rare disorder. We report a case of a 38-year-old woman with a 10-year history of catamenial hemoptysis due to pulmonary endometriosis which was diagnosed by CT during menstruation and treated successfully by wedge-resection of the right middle lobe. Medical therapy with hormones was not performed, There is no evidence of recurrence 5 months after the operation.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.65 no.1
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• pp.29-33
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• 2008

Catamenial hemoptysis is a rare condition that's characterized by recurrent hemoptysis occurring in association with menstruation, and this is associated with the presence of intrapulmonary or endobronchial endometrial tissue. The diagnosis of pulmonary endometriosis can be made according to a typical clinical history and with exclusion of other causes of recurrent hemoptysis. Treatment of pulmonary endometriosis can be medical or surgical; however, the optimal management of this condition is still a matter of debate. Medical therapy may be problematic, due to recurrence of symptoms despite hormonal ablation, and adverse effects from long-term hormone therapy can also be a problem. We report here on a case of pulmonary endometriosis in a 23-year-old woman who presented with hemoptysis that occurred during the first 3 days of menstruation, and this happened over a 4 month period. She was successfully treated by video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS). No more hemoptysis was noted during 12 months of follow-up.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.38 no.4
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• pp.384-388
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• 1991

Parenchymal pulmonary endometriosis is the likely cause in patients with hemoptysis, dyspnea, or chest pain during menstruation. Embolization of endometrial tissue from the uterus to the lungs via the pulmonary arteries has been proposed for the mechanism of the development of parenchymal pulmonary endometriosis. This is a report of a woman with catamenial hemoptysis which was responded successfully to danazol therapy; however, hemoptysis resumed after cessation of therapy. The patient was subsequently treated with danazol again because she refused surgical treatments.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.38 no.7 s.252
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• pp.518-521
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• 2005

Pneumothorax associated with thoracic endometriosis is a rare clinical entity and it is called catamenial pneumothorax if the recurrence of pneumothorax is related to the period of menstruation. Several hypotheses about its pathogenesis are suggested including spontaneous rupture of the bulla, endometrial implants of the visceral pleura, and passage of air from the genital tract through endometrial fenestration of the diaphragm. Pneumothorax is associated with chest pain and dyspnea within 72 hours of the onset of menses in young women and developed usually at right side. We report a case of 32-year-old woman who had bilateral pneumothorax and thoracic endometriosis confirmed histopathologically in the visceral pleura by thoracotomy.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• v.37 no.1
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• pp.59-62
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• 2020

Hemoptysis is a major reason for emergency department (ED) visits. Catamenial hemoptysis (CH), a rare condition of thoracic endometriosis, can cause recurrent hemoptysis but is difficult to diagnose in the ED due to the scarcity of cases and nonspecific clinical findings. We report a case of a 26-year-old woman who presented to the ED with recurrent hemoptysis since 2 years without a definite cause. Her vital signs and blood test findings were unremarkable. Chest computed tomography (CT) did not show any specific lesions other than a non-specific ground-glass opacity pattern in her right lung. She was on day 4 of her menstrual cycle and her hemoptysis frequently occurred during menstruation. Although there was no histological confirmation, based on her history of hemoptysis during menstruation and no other cause of the hemoptysis, the patient was tentatively diagnosed with CH and was administered gonadotropin-releasing hormone. She had no recurrence of hemoptysis for 3 months. While CH is difficult to diagnose in the ED, the patient's recurrent hemoptysis related to menstruation was a clue to the presence of CH. Therefore, physicians should determine the relationship between hemoptysis and menstruation for women of childbearing age presenting with repeated hemoptysis without a definite cause.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.24 no.8
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• pp.757-764
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• 1991

We have observed 360 cases of spontaneous pneumothorax from January 1980 to May 1991 at the department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Chosun University Hospital. Males occupied 266 cases[73.9%] and females 94 cases[26.1%], and its ratio was 2.8: l. The age of patients ranged from neonate[5 days] to 84 years old. The site of pneumothorax was right in 50.3%, left in 43.3% and bilateral in 6.4%a. The clinical symptoms were frequently dyspnea, chest pain and coughing. The associated pulmonary lesions were shown pulmonary tuberculosis in 199 cases[55.3%], bullae in 54, pulmonary emphysema in 31, COPD in 17, pneumonia in 6, lung cancer in 5, paragonimiasis in 5, catamenial pneumothorax in 3 and unknown underlying pathology in 39 cases. The results of surgical management of spontaneous pneumothorax are followings: 288 out of 360 cases[80.0%] were cured by closed thoracotomy, 53 cases[14.8%] were cured by open thoracotomy. Open thoracotomy was the most effective procedure in persistent air leakage, recurrent pneumothorax, visible bleb or bullae on the chest X-ray, associated lesion, bilateral simultaneous pneumothorax, parenchymal incomplete lung expansion and bleeding after closed thoracotomy. The incidence of complication was developed in 10. ado and recurrent rate was seen in 10.6%. There was no operative death.

• Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.177-181
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• 1993

Endometriosis involving sites outside the pelvic cavity is a relatively uncommon occurrence and its frequency is cited as being less than one percent of all occurences of endometriosis. Sites previously reported in literature have described involvement of the extraperitoneal portion of the round ligament, the rectosigmoid, the appendix, and the ileum. Other more distal sites reported to have been found to have endometriosis lesions include the inguinal ligaments, the umbilicus, abdominal incisional wounds, thoracic lesions involving the pleura or diaphragm which may result in catamenial pneumothorax, the kidneys, and vulvar episiotomy wounds. Endometriosis have even been reported to occur in males. In this presentation, three cases of endometriosis, two involving the vulvar area and one involving a Pfannenstiel incision wound, is presented with a review of the pertinent literature in order to discuss its etiology, pathology, diagnosis and treatment.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.145-148
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• 2013

Thoracic endometriosis is an uncommon disease that has four main forms: catamenial pneumothorax, hemothorax, hemoptysis, and pulmonary nodules. Since the growth of endometrial tissue depends on the presence of estrogen, thoracic endometriosis usually occurs in menstruating women between 25 and 35 years of age. Menstrual disturbances are common in women with chronic kidney disease (CKD). However, they could be reversed after kidney transplantation. Therefore, previously asymptomatic endometriosis may become symptomatic after kidney transplantation. A 49-year-old woman with CKD underwent kidney transplantation. A month later, she experienced dyspnea, and hemothorax in her right hemithorax. However, there was no evidence of infectious diseases and malignancy in thoracentesis, pleural biopsy, and computed chest tomography (CT). The serum and pleural fluid levels of his carbohydrate antigen 125 were elevated. Hemothorax secondary to pleural endometriosis was suspected. We tried hormonal therapy, and the hemothorax disappeared. At the sixth-month follow-up, there was no recurrence of hemothorax.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.42 no.1
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• pp.42-49
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• 1995

Background: Hemoptysis always merits thorough investigation because even minimal bleeding may be an early indicator of the presence of significant bronchopulmonary disease. But in patients with hemoptysis & a normal chest roentgenogram, there are no clear guidelines for a diagnostic approach, including the indications of bronchoscopy. Methods: Eighty patients with hemoptysis and a normal chest roentgenogram were involved in this study. We evaluated the cause of hemoptysis in these patients by bronchoscopy and/or bronchogram or high-resolution CT of the lung and we analyzed the relationship of clinical features, such as age, sex, smoking and properties of hemoptysis, to the cause of hemoptysis. Results: 1) They were 34 men and 46 women, with the mean age of 46.7 and 41.8 years old, respectively. 2) Initial bronchoscopy provided a diagnosis in 8 patients - bronchogenic carcinoma in 3 patients (3.8%), metastatic cancer in 1 patient(1.3%) and endobronchial tuberculosis in 4 patients(5.0%). 3) Two clinical findings of patients over 50 years and/or with more than 30 pack-year smoking history were associated with bronchogenic carcinoma, and among these two factors, a more than 30 pack-year smoking history was the best predictor for diagnosis of bronchogenic cancer. 4) The 72 patients in whom no specific cause of hemoptysis was identified by initial bronchoscopy underwent bronchogram and/or high resolutional CT of the lung. Then, 6 patients were diagnosed as bronchiectasis and 5 patients rebleeded in the follow up period of 9 to 90 weeks. Of the remaining 66 patients, 33 were followed for 7 to 80 weeks. Among these patients, only 5 patients had recurrent episodes of hemoptysis & they were diagnosed as bronchiectasis in 1 patient, tuberculosis in 2 patients and catamenial hemoptysis in 2 patients. Conclusion: We conclude that patients with hemoptysis and a normal chest roentgenogram who are more than 50 years old or have more than 30 pack-year smoking history should undergo bronchoscopy to exclude possible bronchogenic carcinoma. In patients without these clinical features, a conservative approach with observation appears justified. If hemoptysis recurs to these patients, bronchogram or high-resolutional CT of the lung with sputum examination are necessary.