• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제34권11호
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• pp.3387-3390
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• 2013

Catalytic gasification of mandarin waste residue was carried out using direct and indirect catalyst-contact methods for the first time. In the indirect method, non-catalytic reaction in a reactor was followed by catalytic upgrading of vapor product in another reactor. Two different catalysts, $Ni/{\gamma}-Al_2O_3$ and $Ni/CeO_2-ZrO_2$, were employed. $CeO_2-ZrO_2$ support was prepared using hydrothermal synthesis in supercritical water. The catalysts were characterized by $H_2$-temperature programmed reduction and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller analyses. Under the condition of equivalent ratio (ER) = 0, the indirect catalyst-contact method led to a higher gas yield than the direct method. Under ER = 0.2, the yield of biogas obtained over $Ni/CeO_2-ZrO_2$ was higher than that obtained over $Ni/{\gamma}-Al_2O_3$. Also, the coke formation of $Ni/CeO_2-ZrO_2$ was lower than that of $Ni/{\gamma}-Al_2O_3$. Such results were attributed to the higher reducibility and better lattice oxygen mobility of $Ni/CeO_2-ZrO_2$, which were advantageous for partial oxidation reaction.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제33권5호
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• pp.1643-1646
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• 2012

Three Ni-based catalysts with different clay as support were prepared and tested in the hydrogenation of maleic anhydride, among which Ni/clay1 showed best activity and selectivity. Over Ni/clay1 catalyst prepared by impregnation method, 97.14% conversion of maleic anhydride and 99.55% selectivity to succinic anhydride were obtained at $180^{\circ}C$ under a pressure of 1 MPa. Catalytic activity was greatly influenced by the temperature and weighted hourly space velocity. Catalyst deactivation studies showed that this catalyst have a long life time, the yield of MA still higher than 90% even after a reaction time of 60 h. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and $H_2$ temperature programmed reduction (TPR) were use to investigate the properties of the catalyst. XRD and TPR studies showed that Ni was present as $Ni^{2+}$ on the support, which indicated that there was no elemental nickel ($Ni^0$) and $Ni_2O_3$ in the unreduced samples. The formation of Ni was strong impact on catalytic activity.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제34권9호
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• pp.2650-2656
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• 2013

Mesoporous alumina was synthesized using bayberry tannin (BT) as template. This novel synthesis strategy was based on a precipitation method associated with aluminum nitrate as the source of aluminum in an aqueous system. $N_2$ adsorption/desorption, XRD, SEM and TEM were used to characterize the as-prepared mesoporous alumina. The results showed that the mesoporous alumina possessed crystalline pore wall, high specific surface area, narrow pore distribution and excellent thermal stability. Moreover, the surface area and pore size of the mesoporous alumina can be tuned by changing the experimental parameters. Further, the mesoporous alumina was investigated as the support of palladium catalyst ($Pd-Al_2O_3{^*}$) for the hydrogenation of propenyl, styrene and linoleic acid. For comparison, the reference catalyst ($Pd-Al_2O_3$) prepared without barberry tannin was also employed for the catalytic hydrogenation. The experimental results showed that $Pd-Al_2O_3{^*}$ exhibited the superior catalytic performance than $Pd-Al_2O_3$ for all the investigated substrates, especially for the hydrogenation of linoleic acid with larger molecular.

• 한국수소및신에너지학회논문집
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.415-423
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• 2011

HI decomposition step certainly demand catalytic reaction for efficient production of hydrogen in SI process. Platinum catalyst can apply to HI decomposition reaction as well as hydrogenation or dehydrogenation. Generally, noble metal is used as catalyst which is loaded form for getting high dispersion and wide active area. In this study, Pt was loaded onto zirconia, ceria, alumina, and silica by impregnation method. HI decomposition reaction was carried out under the condition of $450^{\circ}C$, 1atm, and $167.76h^{-1}$ (WHSV) in a fixed bed reactor for measuring catalytic activity. And property of a catalyst was observed by BET, TEM, XRD and chemisoption analysis. On the basis of experimental results, we discussed about conversion of HI according to physical properties of the loaded Pt catalyst onto each support.

• 한국대기환경학회지
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• 제15권6호
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• pp.791-797
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• 1999

The activity of domestic pigment titania$(TiO_2)$ impregnated with vanadia$(V_2O_5)$ was investigated in the laboratory microreactor. The meta-titanic acid$(TiO(OH)_2)$ which was produced at Hankook Titanium was selected as the precursor for support. The domestic pigment $TiO_2$ showed higher activity in the reduction of NO with $NH_3$ than the foreign commercial $TiO_2$. $WO_3$ were added to domestic $V_2O_5/TiO_2$ catalytic system to improve the catalytic activity at higher reaction temperature between 400~50$0^{\circ}C$ Also, the deactivation of domestic $V_2O_5/TiO_2$ and $WO_3-V_2O_5/TiO_2$ catalyst by $SO_2$ and $H_2O$ was investigated.

• 한국진공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국진공학회 2011년도 제41회 하계 정기 학술대회 초록집
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• pp.211-211
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• 2011

Nanostructures, with a diversity of shapes, built on substrates have been developed within many research areas. Lithography is one powerful, but complex, technique to make structures at the nanometer scale, such as platinum nanowires for studying CO catalytic reactions [1], or aluminum nanodisks for studying the plasmon effect [2]. In this work, we approach a facile method to construct nanostructures using noble metals on a titania thin film by using self-assembled structures as a pattern. Here, a large-scale silica monolayer is transferred to the titania thin film substrates using a Langmuir-Blodgett trough, followed by the deposition of a thin transition metal layer. Owing to the hexagonal close-packed structure of the silica monolayer, we would obtain a metal nanostructure that includes separated metallic triangles (islands) after removing the patterning silica beads. This nanostructure can be employed to investigate the role of metal-oxide interfaces in CO catalytic reactions by changing the patterning silica particles with different sizes or by replacing the oxide support. The morphology and chemical composition of the structure can be characterized by scanning electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. In addition, we modify these islands to a connected island structure by reducing the silica size of the patterning monolayer, which is utilized to generating hot electron flow based on the localized surface plasmon resonance effect of the metal nanostructures.

• 한국안전학회지
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.35-45
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• 2006

Cobalt catalysts for gas mask loaded on various supports such as $Al_{2}O_{3},\;TiO_{2}$, AC(activated carbon) and $SiO_{2}$ were used to examine influences of calcination temperatures and reaction temperatures for CO oxidation. $Co(NO_{3})_2{\cdot}6H_{2}O$ was used as cobalt precursor and the catalysts were prepared by incipient wetness impregnation. The catalysts were characterized using XRD, TGA/DTA, TEM, $N_{2}$ sorption, and XPS. For the catalytic activity, support was in the order of ${\gamma}-Al_{2}O_{3}>TiO_{2}>SiO_{2}>AC\;and\;Al_{2}O_{3}$. The catalytic activity at lower temperature than $80^{\circ}C$ showed that with the increase of reaction temperature, cobalt catalysts on ${\gamma}-Al_{2}O_{3},\;TiO_{2},\;AC\$ has the negative activation energy but that of $SiO_{2}$ was positive.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제31권11호
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• pp.3283-3290
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• 2010

The gas-phase dehydration of glycerol to acrolein was carried out over 10 wt % HSiW catalysts supported on different supports, viz. $\gamma-Al_2O_3$, $SiO_2-Al_2O_3$, $TiO_2$, $ZrO_2$, $SiO_2$, AC, $CeO_2$ and MgO. The same reaction was also conducted over each support without HSiW for comparison. Several characterization techniques, $N_2$-physisorption, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), the temperature-programmed desorption of ammonia ($NH_3$-TPD), temperature-programmed oxidation (TPO) with mass spectroscopy and CHNS analysis were employed to characterize the catalysts. The glycerol conversion generally increased with increasing amount of acid sites. Ceria showed the highest 1-hydroxyacetone selectivity at $315^{\circ}C$ among the various metal oxides. The supported HSiW catalyst showed superior catalytic activity to that of the corresponding support. Among the supported HSiW catalysts, HSiW/$ZrO_2$ and HSiW/$SiO_2-Al_2O_3$ showed the highest acrolein selectivity. In the case of HSiW/$ZrO_2$, the initial catalytic activity was recovered after the removal of the accumulated carbon species at $550^{\circ}C$ in the presence of oxygen.

• 한국수소및신에너지학회논문집
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• 제25권6호
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• pp.577-585
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• 2014

Nanorod and particle shape $CeO_2$ were synthesized via hydrothermal process and precipitation method, respectively, and used as supports of Pt catalyst for water gas shift (WGS) reaction. Three different durations (12, 48, and 96h) for hydrothermal process were applied for the preparation of nanorod type $CeO_2$. 1.0 wt% of Pt was loaded on the prepared supports with incipient wetness method prior to the catalytic activity tests that were carried out at a GHSV of $95,541h^{-1}$, and a temperature range of 200 to $360^{\circ}C$. Varying duration of hydrothermal process led to the difference in physical characteristics of $CeO_2$ nanorods, such as aspect ratio, BET surface area, pore diameter, and pore volume. Consequently, the catalytic activities of Pt/$CeO_2$ nanorods were affected by the physical characteristics of the supports and appeared to be in the order of Pt/$CeO_2$(12) > Pt/$CeO_2$(48) > Pt/$CeO_2$(96). The comparison of the catalytic activities and results of the analysis (XPS, XRD, SEM, BET and TPR) for the supports revealed that the activity of the catalysts depends on chemical states of the Pt and the support materials in the temperature range that is lower than $280^{\circ}C$. However, the activity is rather dependent on the physical characteristic of the supports because the increased gas velocity limits the mass transfer of reactants in micropores of the supports.

• 청정기술
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.9-15
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• 2009

본 연구에서는 금속담지촉매출 이용한 수첨탈염소화 반응에 의하여 절연유에 포함된 PCBs (polychlorinated biphenyls)의 무해화를 통한 절연유의 재이용 가능성을 고찰하였다. 금속담지촉매로는 0.98 wt% Pt 및 0.79 wt% Pd가 알루미나에 담지 되어 있는 촉매와 12.8 wt%의 Ni이 알루미나에 담지된 촉매 및 57.6 wt%의 Ni이 실리카-알루미나에 담지되어 있는 촉매를 이용하였다. 반응매질로서 생성물과의 분리의 용이성 및 환경측면을 고려하여 초임계이산화탄소, 초임계프로판 및 초임계이소부탄 등 초임계유체를 이용하였다. 수첨탈염소화 후 잔류 PCBs는 전자포획형 검출기가 장착되어 있는 가스크로마토그래피를 이용하여 분석하였다. 반응온도, 반응시간, 촉매 종류 및 초임계유체가 절연유 내 포함된 PCBs의 수첨탈염소반응에 미치는 영향을 자세히 조사하였다. 용매를 사용하지 않을 경우 탈염소화반응은 Ni > Pd > Pt의 순으로 빠르게 진행되었으며 이는 담지된 금속의 양 및 금속입자의 크기에 기인한 것으로 생각된다. 반응온도가 $175^{\circ}C$ 이하에서 초임계이산화탄소가 탈염소화반응에 가장 효과적인 매질인 것을 확인하였다.