• 한국독성학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국독성학회 2002년도 Current Trends in Toxicological Sciences
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• pp.115-115
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• 2002

The anti-diarrhea and spasmolytic activities of Soonkijangquebo (SKJQB), a Korean herbal anti-diarrhea formulation, were subjected to pharmacological evaluation. SKJQB, at a dose of 50\ulcorner200 mg/kg, inhibited castor oil-induced diarrhea in mice. The median effective dose (ED50) of the anti-diarrhea effect was 93 mg/kg.(omitted)

• 대한약학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한약학회 2002년도 Proceedings of the Convention of the Pharmaceutical Society of Korea Vol.2
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• pp.427.1-427.1
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• 2002

To improve stability and transfection efficiency, a novel combination of cationic emulsion and galactosylated chitosan was developed for targeted gene delivery. Six formulations of cationic liposome and our novel emulsion were prepared for comparison of stability and transfection efficiency. Cationic liposomes composed of 3［N-(N.N dimethylaminoethylene) carbamoyl］ cholesterol (DC-Chol) and dioleyl phophatidyl ethanolamine (DOPE) were prepared by extrusion method and cationic emulsions composed of DC-Chol. DOPE. castor oil, and Tween 80 were prepared by sonication method. (omitted)

• 유기물자원화
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.149-158
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• 2007

토양중 유박의 온도(10, 20, $30^{\circ}C$) 및 수분변화 (양토 : 포장용 수량의 40, 50, 60, 70%, 사양토 : 포장용수량의 50, 60, 70, 80%)에 따른 무기화정도를 검토하기 위해 토양과 피마자유박, 대두박, 탈지강을 혼합하여 실내항온배양을 30일간 실시하여 무기태 질소를 측정하였다. 또한 PVC파이프로 컬럼을 제작하여 실외 포장에 토양컬럼을 설치하여 30일 후 토양깊이에 따른 무기화를 조사하였으며 실내 및 실외배양에 사용된 토양은 사양토와 양토로 이들 두 토양간의 무기태질소의 생성량을 조사하였다. 피마자박, 대두박 및 탈지강을 토양에 혼합하여 실내항온배양을 실시한 결과 배양온도가 높고 수분함량이 높을수록 무기태 질소의 생성량이 증가되었으며 양토보다 사양토에서 무기태 질소의 생성량이 높았다. 한편 토양컬럼 실험결과 토심에 따른 무기태 질소의 생성량은 토심이 깊어짐에 따라 감소하였으며 실내항온배양과 마찬가지로 사양토가 양토보다 무기태 질소의 생성량이 높았다.

• 한국토양비료학회지
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• 제47권6호
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• pp.491-495
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• 2014

Phytoremediation is a technology using plants and associated soil microbes to reduce the concentrations or toxic effects of contaminants in the environments. It is regarded as a cost-effective, efficient, eco-friendly, and solar-driven technology with good public acceptance. This study was conducted to find the plants accumulating heavy metals in soils contaminated with Cd and Pb. Experimental plots (plot size: $0.81m^2$) was artificially contaminated using a contaminated soil collected from a field in vicinity of Wondong mine (WD). Sunflower, corn and castor were tested for their potential to remove heavy metals from the contaminated soils. The results indicated that sunflower was most effective in accumulating heavy metals and thus remedying the soils among the three crops. Dry weight and heavy metal uptake of sunflower shoot differed with growth period. For example, the Cd content of shoots including leaf and stem were 0.31mg, 2.23 mg, and 0.96 mg per plot at 4, 8 and 12 weeks after planting in Cd4-WD treatment; in addition, the dry weight of the shoots in Cd8-WD treatment was reduced due to heavy metal toxicity. This experiment showed that sunflower absorbed Cd, Pb and Zn in their shoots up to 8 weeks of planting; thereafter heavy metals uptake was diminished. This implies that the efficiency of these plants in cleaning the contaminated soils may be high at the early stage of plant growth.

• Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• 제35권4호
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• pp.359-365
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• 2012

We investigated leaf disease intensity of Kalopanax septemlobus (prickly castor oil tree) caused by the parasitic fungus Mycosphaerella acanthopanacis, in thirty natural host populations in the Japanese Archipelago. The disease intensity observed for individual trees were analyzed using a generalized additive model as a function of tree size, tree density, climatic terms and spatial trend surface. Individual tree size and conspecific tree density were shown to have significant negative and positive effects on disease intensity, respectively. The findings suggest that the probability of disease infection is partly determined by dispersal of infection agents (ascospores) from the fallen leaves on the ground, which can be enhanced by aggregation of host trees in a forest stand. Regional-scale spatial bias was also present in disease intensity; the populations in northern Japan and southern Kyushu were more severely infected by the fungus than those in southwestern Honshu and Shikoku. Regional variation of disease intensity was explained by both climatic factors and a trend surface term, with a latitudinal cline detected, which increases towards the north. Further research should be conducted in order to understand all of the factors generating the latitudinal cline detected in this study.

• 한국응용과학기술학회지
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• 제29권3호
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• pp.531-542
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• 2012

본 논문은 바이오폴리우레탄의 연구동향에 관한 것이다. 바이오폴리우레탄은 원료 중의 식물유 폴리올과 이소시아네이트의 중부가 고분자이다. 피마자유의 주성분은 히드록시기를 갖는 리시놀산의 트리글리세라이드이다. 이외의 히드록시기가 없는 식물유는 이중결합 위치에서 에폭시화 후 고리열림, 히드로포르밀화 후 수소첨가, 가오존분해 후 수소첨가, 티올-엔 반응으로 히드록시기를 부여한다. 폴리올의 반응성 및 마이크로도메인의 모폴로지 조절을 위한 하이퍼브랜치 폴리올, 일차 알코올 폴리올, 다당류 폴리올이 있다. 의료용의 생분해성 폴리락트산 폴리올, 가수분해 방지용 지방산 다이머 폴리올, 이온성 기를 함유한 수 분산 폴리우레탄용 폴리올이 있다. 바이오폴리올을 이용한 바이오폴리우레탄은 경질 및 연질 폼, 코팅제, 접착제, 실런트, 엘라스토머에 쓰인다.

• 대한화장품학회지
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• 제33권1호
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• pp.7-10
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• 2007

수용성 폴리머와 계면활성제의 상호작용을 레올로지와 표면 장력을 측정하여 연구하였다. 본 연구에 사용된 폴리머는 acrylates/$C_{10-30}$ alkyl acrylate crosspolymer (AC), ammonium acryloyldimethyltaurate/VP copolymer (AV)이다. 계면활성제는 PEG-40 hydrogenated castor oil (HC), polysorbate 60 (P60)이다. HC와 P60은 AC 폴리머 주위에서 마이셀을 형성하여 점도를 증가하였다. 그러나, HC는 P60보다 보다 높은 농도 범위에서 점도 증가 거동을 보였다. 같은 농도 범위에서 계면활성제들의 표면장력을 비교해보면, 표면장력이 AC/HC의 농도 증가에 따라 증가한 반면, AC/P60의 농도증가에 대해서는 거의 증가하지 않았다. 이런 결과는 AC/HC 사이의 마이셀이 강하게 조직화된 구조를 형성하기 때문으로 추정된다.

• Carbon letters
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.1-5
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• 2002

The regional bio-wastes available in abundance in India were converted into porous carbon by heat treatment at different temperatures from $650-950^{\circ}C$. The wood retain shapes after pyrolysis though shrinkage occured both in axial and radial directions. The shrinkage in radial direction was found to be more than in axial direction in all woods. The density of woods and chars from these at a given temperature has been found to follow linear relationship. Chars were steam activated at temperature $700-800^{\circ}C$ for different times between 45-240 min. Both the temperature and time of activation with steam has a profound effect on surface area. Chars from softwoods like bagasse and castor oil plant were activated at lower temperature, i.e. $700-750^{\circ}C$ whereas hard wood chars have to be activated at higher temperature around $800^{\circ}C$. The morphology of wood as well as of chars has been studied by SEM. The comparison of the two showed that the nature of porosity in chars depends on precursor morphology, nature and physical state of wood and presence of inorganic compounds in the wood. Hard wood results in cross inter connected pores while softwood leads to fibriller structure. The present studies show that activated carbon with reasonably good surface area (${\sim}1000m^2/gm$) can be prepared from soft wood bio-wastes like bagasse and castor oil plant, while surface area ${\sim}1370m^2/gm$ was achieved from hard wood bio waste of pine wood.

• International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.83-91
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• 2002

The protection of silkworm and its host plants from various kinds of pests parasite and predator is a chronic problem in sericulture. Silkworms and its primary food plants are heavily damaged by large number of pest. The major pests of primary tasar food plants (Terminalia arjuna and Terminalia tomentosa) are the gall insect (Trioza fletcheri minor). Various species of aphids (Eutrichosiphum sp.) have been recorded to damage oak tasar food plants whereas muga silkworm host plants (Machilus bombycina and Litsaea polyantha) are generally attacked by stem bores (Zeuzera multistrigata). Castor (Ricinus communis) is one of the primary host plant of eri silkworm and extensive damage is caused by the castor white fly (Trialeurodes ricini). Insects pests are major enemies of silkworms. Parasites (Blepharipa zebina, Exorista bombycis, Apateles glomeratus), predators (Canthecona furcellata, Sycanus collaris, Hierodulla bipapilla), wasps (Vespa orientalix) and ants (Oecophylla smargdina) continues to cause damage to silk industry. It is estimated that the losses due to parasites and predators are to an extent of 15-20 percent and varies from crop to crop. The complexities in the behaviour and life cycle of pest population existing in semi ecosystem warrant a special attention for their effective management specially in changing scenario for our modern sericulture. Though use of synthetic insecticides has provided us with effective control of almost all major pests and predators, yet their undesirable side effects limit their continued use. Biological control is one of the most important method which can be used to control the pests, parasites and predators population in sericulture. Various potential parasitoids, which can be utilized as an agent of biological control in sericulture have been screened. The natural enemies of the uzi fly (E. bombycis and B. zebina ) are already present in the nature. Nesolynx thymus, Trichria sp., Splangia endius, Dirhinus sp., Trichopria sp., Trichomalopsis apanteloctena and Pediobius sp. are the major parasitoids effective against uzi fly pupa. The scelionid Psix striaticeps and Trissolcus sp. are the Potential egg Parasitoids against stink bug (Canthecona furcellata). Various other native natural potential parasitoids have been screened and suitable strategies have been developed to check the population of pest insect in sericulture.

• Elastomers and Composites
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• 제48권3호
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• pp.190-194
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• 2013

본 연구에서는 피마자유 유래의 sebacic acid를 isophthalic acid 및 glycol과 병용하여 폴리에스터 폴리올을 중합하고 이어서 폴리우레탄 접착제를 제조하였다. 접착력을 측정한 결과에서 sebacic acid를 병용한 폴리올이 adipic acid를 사용한 폴리올 보다 응집에너지가 커서 접착력이 우수하게 나타났고, glycol은 선형구조 보다 메틸기를 포함하는 가지구조가 더 좋은 접착력을 보였다. 쇄연장제는 1,4-butane diol(BD)를 사용한 것이 가장 접착력이 좋게 나타났다. 또한 TGA 측정결과 내열성은 BD가 가장 높고, 1,2-propylene glycol(PG)가 다음, ethylene glycol(EG)가 가장 낮았다. DMA 측정에서 유리전이온도는 PG, EG, BD의 순서로 높게 나타났다.