• Development and Reproduction
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.111-118
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• 2015

This article explores the questions regarding PND and PID, especially the concrete legal conditions for the justification of PND and PID. As such, the German law stipulating PND and PID in a very concrete and detailed manner is introduced and explained in comparison with the corresponding South Korean law. The South Korean Bioethics and Biosafety Act (BBA) stipulates various types of gene testing and does not demonstrate a delicate sense of each type of gene testing. In contrast to the South Korean regulation, in Germany, there exist specific regulations for genetic counseling. Especially in the case of PND, GEKO stipulates the process of genetic counseling very concretely, based on GenDG. In the case of PND and PID, it is important that the people concerned understand the meaning of testing in various angles, and restructuralize it by combining it with their own values as the diagnosis is directly combined with pregnancy/abortion, which influences the whole life of a woman (and her partner). In this context, the South Korean BBA needs to be amended as soon as possible. The sections on informed consent also need to be amended to make them more concrete. Furthermore, guidelines for concretizing the regulation of BBA need to be continuously formulated and developed.

• Journal of Korean Society for Atmospheric Environment
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.81-94
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• 1998

Six complex terrain dispersion models recommended by the U. S. Environmental Protection Agency were investigated using a hypothetical case in which a plume approaches complex terrain. The six models considered were Valley, CTSCREEN, COMPLEX 1, SHORTZ, RTDM, and CTDMPLUS, the latter four being closely studied. Highest concentrations were predicted for 48 receptors and plume behaviors were compared for stable and unstable meteorological conditions. Under stable conditions, ground-level concentrations were determined by the height of the plume centerline above the terrain. The concentrations estimated by SHORTZ and COMPLEX I were higher than those estimated by CTSCREEN, with CTDMPLUS predicting the lowest concentrations. In particular, the height of the lift midpoint, as well as the co.nterline of the plume, are important in the model calculation of CTDMPLUS. Under unstable conditions, the vertical dispersion plays a key role in determining ground -level concentrations. For this case, concentrations predicted by CTDMPLUS were the 'highest, whereas those predicted by SHORTZ were the lowest. Concentration distributions predicted by CTDMPLUS are quite similar to typical Gaussian distributions even on complex terrain, except for a slight shift of the plume centerline due to the of(tract of the geostrophic wind. In addition,24-hour average concentrations were estimated for comparison with results from the Valley model. Among the four models studied closely, CTDMPLUS predicted the lowest 24-hour average concentrations, but the concentrations estimated by Valley were lower than those estimated by CTDMPLUS.

• International Journal of High-Rise Buildings
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• v.1 no.2
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• pp.87-97
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• 2012

The indoor environments in high-rise buildings are generally well enclosed by defined boundary conditions. Here, a numerical simulation method based on the Lattice Boltzmann method (LBM), which aims to model and simulate the turbulent flow accurately in an enclosed environment, and its comparison with traditional computational fluid dynamics (CFD) results, are presented in this paper. CFD has become a powerful tool for predicting and evaluating enclosed airflows with the rapid advance in computer capacity and speed, and various types of CFD turbulence modeling and its application and validation have been reported. The LBM is a relatively new method; it involves solving of the discrete Boltzmann equation to simulate the fluid flow with a collision model instead of solving Navier-Stokes equations. In this study, the LBM-based scheme of flow pattern and particle dispersion analyses are validated using the benchmark test case of two- and three-dimensional and isothermal conditions (IEA/Annex 20 case); the prediction accuracy and advantages are also discussed by comparison with the results of CFD.

• Bulletin of the Society of Naval Architects of Korea
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.1-6
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• 1974

The three-dimensional correction factor of the added mass of finite-length elliptic cylinders in vertical vibration in a free surface was calculated. This problem has already been dealt by T. Kumai[5] to contribute to analytical prediction of the three-dimensional correction factor for the added mass in vertical vibration of ships. In Kumai's work, the body boundary condition involved in the appropriate boundary value problem was approximately treated in the course of obtaining the solution. In this work, obtaining the solution derived from mathematically exact treatment of the body boundary condition, the author recalculated the three-dimensional correction factor for length-beam ratio $4{\sim}8$, beam-draught ratio $2.00{\sim}4.50$ and number of nodes from 2 to 7. And the numerical results were compared with both Kumai's results and the author's experimental data for two and three-noded vibrations of the cylinder of beam-draught ratio 2.40 The comparison of the numerical results shows that the author's are always higher than the Kumai's as expected. And the comparison of the numerical results with experimental data shows that the Kumai's numerical results have less deviation in case of two-noded vibration, and that, in case of three-noded vibration, the author's numerical results are in fairly good correspondence.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology and Dermatology
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• v.33 no.3
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• pp.125-137
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• 2020

Objectives : Charcot neuroarthropathy(CN) is condition characterized by a progressive joint deformation with sensorial and autonomic neuropathy. This study is to report a case of CN improved by Korean medical treatment. Methods : The patient's left foot with CN was treated by Shudihuangkushen-tang, Haifu-san wet dressing, acupuncture and herbal acupuncture. We evaluated the progress by laboratory investigation, radiograph and photograph comparison, visual analogue scale(VAS) of edema and pain sensation. Results : After treatment, VAS score of edema dropped from 6 to 1, of pain sensation slightly improved from 0 to 1. Average blood sugar level decreased and rebounded, but Hemoglobin A1c level improved from 9.5% to 7.7%. Improvement of the left foot was recognized from the radiograph and photograph comparison. Conclusions : This study suggests Korean medicine is effective in treating CN, especially using Shudihuangkushen-tang, Haifu-san wet dressing.

• Journal of the Korean Ceramic Society
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• v.52 no.5
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• pp.325-330
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• 2015

Performance of solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs), in comparison with that under hydrogen fuel, were investigated under direct internal reforming conditions. Anode supported cells were fabricated with an Ni+YSZ anode, YSZ electrolyte, and LSM+YSZ cathode for the present work. Measurements of I-V curves and impedance were conducted with S/C (steam to carbon) ratio of ~ 2 at $800^{\circ}C$. The outlet gas was analyzed using gas chromatography under open circuit condition; the methane conversion rate was calculated and found to be ~ 90% in the case of low flow rate of methane and steam. Power density values were comparable for both cases (hydrogen fuel and internal steam reforming of methane), and in the latter case the cell performance was improved, with a decrease in the flow rate of methane with steam, because of the higher conversion rate. The present work indicates that the short-term performance of SOFCs with conventional Ni+YSZ anodes, in comparison with that under hydrogen fuel, is acceptable under internal reforming condition with the optimized fuel flow rate and S/C ratio.

• Journal of The Korea Institute of Healthcare Architecture
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.107-115
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• 2004

In this paper, the all units of residential housing that is not legislated in facility development law are analyzed and foreign design criteria that is related to barrier-free unit housing is comparing to domestic. Through the comparison in front door, living room, bathroom, bedroom, and kitchen, this paper aims to suggest internal barrier-free design criteria. This paper is limited to internal housing which are front door, living room, bedroom, bathroom, and kitchen. Also, the objectives of facility development law are U.S, Japan, German, and in case of U.S, UFAS is established by ADA, in Japan, Heart Building law and detail standard drawing are used, in German, DIN is used. The objective of domestic case study is the latest residential housings that are built over 2003. The flow of study is as follows ; First, the internal items of residential housing are abstracted, and each item is checked in facility development law that is legislated in. Next, through comparison of domestic and foreign facility development law related to housing, common items are abstracted and detail standards are defined. Domestic residential housings are analyzed in those standards. Finally, the problems that is the result of analysis are analyzed and the barrier free design criteria is abstracted in unit housing. Also, more developed items and future study are suggested.

• International Journal of Highway Engineering
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.91-97
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• 2016

PURPOSES : The objective of this paper is to develop a pavement performance model based on the Bayesian algorithm, and compare the measured and predicted performance data. METHODS : In this paper, several pavement types such as SMA (stone mastic asphalt), PSMA (polymer-modified stone mastic asphalt), PMA (polymer-modified asphalt), SBS (styrene-butadiene-styrene) modified asphalt, and DGA (dense-graded asphalt) are modeled in terms of the performance evaluation of pavement structures, using the Bayesian algorithm. RESULTS : From case studies related to the performance model development, the statistical parameters of the mean value and standard deviation can be obtained through the Bayesian algorithm, using the initial performance data of two different pavement cases. Furthermore, an accurate performance model can be developed, based on the comparison between the measured and predicted performance data. CONCLUSIONS : Based on the results of the case studies, it is concluded that the determined coefficients of the nonlinear performance models can be used to accurately predict the long-term performance behaviors of DGA and modified asphalt concrete pavements. In addition, the developed models were evaluated through comparison studies between the initial measurement and prediction data, as well as between the final measurement and prediction data. In the model development, the initial measured data were used.

• Korean Journal of Metals and Materials
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• v.49 no.12
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• pp.956-966
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• 2011

Bioleaching studies of metals from a spent catalyst were conducted using both adapted and unadapted bacterial cultures. The bacterium used in this experiment was Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans. A comparison of the kinetics of leaching was made between the two cultures by varying the leaching parameters, including the pulp density, particle size and temperature. Both cultures showed similar effects with respect to the above parameters, but the leaching rates of all metals were higher with the adapted compared to the unadapted bacterial cultures. The leaching reactions were continued for 240 h in the case of the unadapted bacterial culture, but only for 40 h in the case of the adapted bacterial culture. The leaching reactions followed first order kinetics. In addition, the kinetics of leaching was concluded to be a diffusion control model; therefore, the product layers were impervious.

• Journal of Software Assessment and Valuation
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.25-30
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• 2021

In case of evaluating the similarity of the source code analysis material in the embedded system, the provided source code must be confirmed to be executable. However, it is currently being in which compilation and interface matching with hardware are provided in an unconfirmed materials. The complainant assumes that many parts of the source code are similar because the characteristics of the operation are similar and the expression of the function is similar. As for the analysis result, the analysis result may appear different than expected due to these unidentified objects. In this study, the improvement direction is sugested through the case study by the analysis process of the source code and the similarity of the unverified source code.