• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.1-7
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• 2002

This study deals with physical properties of Larch(Larix kaemferi Carr.) treated by steaming at temperatures above 100℃. Treatment conditions of this experiment were operated at regular intervals of 10℃ at temperature up to 130℃ for 10, 30 and 60 minutes by using the auto-clave. The Bending strength and compressive strength along the grain were slightly decreased with increasing the treating temperatures. There was no significant relations between wood strength and steaming temperatures. At the range from 120℃ to 130℃ of steaming temperature, it was considered that the change of composition and structure in cell wall was changed due to release of stresses. Water absorption characteristics were not affected by steaming temperature. In this experiment limits, it was concluded that physical properties of wood by steaming treatment were affected more largely by wood density than by treating temperature.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.50 no.8
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• pp.746-752
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• 2007

Purpose : Total hydroperoxide (TH), free radical-mediated oxidation product can be used as a measure of free radical injury. The aim of the present study was to see if preterm newborns are at increased risk for oxidative stress compared with term newborns, and to determine whether oxidative stress during postnatal first 1 week is associated with clinical outcomes in preterm infants. Methods : Serum TH levels of preterm infants (n=39) were compared with those of term infants (n=24) on the postnatal day 1. Among the preterm infants, serum TH levels of uncomplicated group (n=23) were also compared with those of complicated group (n=16) who developed oxygen radical related diseases on the postnatal day 1 and 7. Retrospective analysis was performed to find out risk factors for oxygen radical injuries based on birth history, laboratory data, neuroimaging findings and clinical progress in two preterm groups. Results : Serum TH levels on postnatal day 1 were higher in the preterm infant group than the term infant group. Serum TH levels on postnatal day 1 in the complicated preterm infant group were significantly higher compared with uncomplicated group, but there was no significant difference in serum TH levels on postnatal day 7. Also, there was no significant difference in serum TH levels between uncomplicated preterm infants and term infants. Serum TH level on postnatal day 1 was independently associated with higher morbidity after adjusting for gestational age, Apgar score (5 min), arterial blood gas analysis. Conclusion : Complicated preterm newborns are at increased risk for oxidative stress compared with uncomplicated newborns and term newborns. Oxidative injury during the prenatal or postnatal day 1 is associated with adverse outcomes in preterm infants. Elevated TH levels on postnatal day 1 may have a value to predict clinical outcomes in preterm infants.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.2 no.3
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• pp.185-186
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• 1989

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.2 no.3
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• pp.195-196
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• 1989

• Proceedings of the KSCN Conference
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• 1997.10a
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• pp.53-53
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• 1997

no Abstract, See Full Text

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.1 no.2
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• pp.157-166
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• 1992

The biosorptlon perFormances of copper were Investigated by the immobilized biomass of nonliving marine brown algae Undaria pinnatifida by each of the Ca-alginate method(Ca-ALG), Ba-alginate method(Ba-ALG), polyethylene glycol method(PEG), and carrageenan method (CARR). The copper removal performance increased but the copper uptake decreased as the biomass amount was increased. However, the copper uptake by the immobilized biomass increased with increasing initial copper concentration. Among the immobilization methods, the copper uptake decreased in the following sequence: Ca-ALG > Ba-ALG > PEG > CARR. The pattern of copper uptake by the immobilized biomass fitted the Langmuir isotherm better than the Freundlich isotherm. Desorption of deposited copper with 0.05 ~0.5M HCI, resulted in no changes of the copper uptake capacity of the immobilized biomass by the immobilization methods except for PEG, through five subsequent biosorptioydesorption cycles. There was no damage to the immobilized biomass which retained its macroscopic appearance in repeated copper uptake/elution cycles.

• Journal of Powder Materials
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.241-246
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• 2020

To develop Gastrodia elata (GE)-loaded particles for herbal extract dosage forms, various GE-loaded particles containing dextrin, isomalt, maltodextrin, and silicon dioxide as solidifying carriers in the GE water extract are prepared using the spray drying method. Their physical properties are evaluated using the repose angle, Hausner ratio, Carr's index, weight increase rate at 40℃/75% RH condition, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Particles made of dextrin improve the fluidity, compressibility, and water stability. In addition, 2% silicon dioxide increases the fluidity and moisture stability. The best flowability and compressibility of GE-loaded particles are observed with TP, dextrin, and silicon dioxide amounts in the ratio of 6/4/0.2 (34.29 ± 2.86°, 1.48 ± 0.03, and 38.29 ± 2.39%, repose angle, Hausner Ratio, and Carr's index, respectively) and moisture stability with a 2% weight increase rate for 14 h at 40℃/75% RH condition. Therefore, our results suggest that the particles prepared by the spray drying method with dextrin and 2% silicon dioxide can be used as powerful particles to improve the flowability, compressibility, and moisture stability of GE.

• Journal of Powder Materials
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.227-232
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• 2021

The purpose of this study is to optimize the powder formulation and manufacturing conditions for the solidification of an extract of the herb Bangpungtongseong-san (BPTS). To develop BPTS-loaded particles for the tablet dosage form, various BPTS-loaded particles composed of BPTS, dextrin, microcrystalline cellulose (MCC), silicon dioxide, ethanol, and water are prepared using spray-drying and high shear granulation (high-speed mixing). Their physical properties are evaluated using scanning electron microscopy and measurements of the angle of repose, Hausner ratio, Carr's index, hardness, and disintegration time. The optimal BPTS-loaded particles exhibit improved flowability and compressibility. In particular, the BPTS-loaded particles containing silicon dioxide show significantly improved flowability and compressibility (the angle of repose, Hausner ratio, and Carr's index are 35.27 ± 0.58°, 1.18 ± 0.06, and 15.67 ± 1.68%, respectively), hardness (18.97 ± 1.00 KP), and disintegration time (17.60 ± 1.50 min) compared to those without silicon dioxide. Therefore, this study suggests that particles prepared by high-speed mixing can be used to greatly improve the flowability and compressibility of BPTS using MCC and silicon dioxide.

• Journal of English Language & Literature
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• v.58 no.4
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• pp.589-609
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• 2012

This research compares a future society described in Ray Bradbury's Fahrenheit 451 (1953) to modern technopoly. The main protagonist of the novel, Guy Montag, is a fireman who burns books in a future society which does not allow people to read or own books. The future society which controls the expansion of knowledge is similar to technopoly which Neil Postman defines as a culture where people passively react to overflow of information. Bradbury compares Montag to several characters, such as his wife Mildred and Captain Beatty. With this comparison, Bradbury lets his readers look back themselves who live in a sea of information without being aware of the domination of technopoly. This research suggests that the reason people do not know that knowledge is controlled and limited is because they do not distinguish between knowledge and information. They misunderstand widely available information is knowledge as characters in Fahrenheit 451 feel stuffed with information. Since the 1990s, scholars and writers such as Neil Postman and Nicholas Carr have expressed problems with the excess of information, however Bradbury already predicted through Fahrenheit 451 in 1953 that the development of technology does not mean a higher level of knowledge. This research suggests what modern human beings have lost in vast amount of information rather than what they have gained.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.83 no.4
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• pp.531-539
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• 1994

We examined the in vitro rooting and survival of tissue cultured plantlets of Quercus acutissima Carr. and Pinus densiflora Sieb. et Zucc. after addition of Pisolithus tinctorius(Pt) ectomycorrhizal fungus inoculum to the medium and effects of three levels of sucrose and phosphorus in culture media. Shoots of Quercus acutissima were obtained from winter buds of a 30-year old tree and cuttings of Pinus densiflora from germinated seed, and they were inoculated with Pt in vitro. In both species, Pt enhanced shoot length, survival, number of adventitious roots, root length, and rooting percentage. Survival in Quercus acutissima was increased from 75% in control to 100% in Pt inoculation. Pt inoculation increased the percentage of rooting from 20% to 70% in Quercus acutissima cuttings and from 63% to 100% in Pinus densiflora cuttings. It is concluded that mycorrhizal inoculation to tissue cultured Quercus acutissima Carr. and to in vitro cutting of Pinus densiflora Sieb. et Zucc. has practical application to improvement of poor root development and initial period of reduced shoot growth in vitro.