• Architectural research
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.67-73
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• 2012

The purpose of this study is to reveal the meaning of ramp of Le Corbusier's Carpenter Center for the Visual Arts focused on experience of architectural promenade. The Carpenter Center was completed in 1964, only a year earlier than the death of Le Corbusier and also, this building is the only building actually constructed in North America. Despite these important facts, the meanings of the ideas of this building have not been paid attention as much as other buildings constructed at the same period, such as, Venice Hospital and Un Pavillion D'exposition in Zurich. In his book, 'Oeuvre Complete 1957-1965', Le Corbusier mentioned Carpenter Center as an architectural experiments of his ideas. The study of carpenter center will be an important architectural subject to clarify the meaning of his later works and ideas.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.37 no.1
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• pp.25-29
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• 1994

2-methyl-5(S)-hexanolide(1); the major component of pheromonal blend of the male carpenter bee was synthesized via Homer-Emmons reaction from Ethyl(S)-3-hydroxybutyrate(2a) which had been obtained by Baker's Yeast reduction in overall yield 39%.

• Journal of Species Research
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.145-151
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• 2015

Morphological changes of flowers and insect visitors were observed to investigate pollinator of Caesalpinia decapetala. The flowers of C. decapetala are protandrous. Functionally, the flower is changed from male to female. As a male, pollen grain is released after anther dehisced while style is immature. After completed pollen grain release, the style starts to lengthen. It helps the stigma to easily touch the carpenter bee's thorax covered with pollen grain. At this time, flower functions as a female. The majority of taxa and individuals observed were Hymenoptera. The most frequent visitor was the Xylocopa appendiculata circumvolans, carpenter bee. Carpenter bees exhibited only typical pollinator behavior among flower visitors, with touching reproductive organs and seeking nectar at the same time. The pollination behavior is as follows. Soon after carpenter bees perceived guide mark, they foraged rightward and grasped style and stamens with legs and they inserted proboscis into standard petal to seek nectar. With this behavior, the pollen grains of the male flower transfer to the ventral thorax of the carpenter bee. As the carpenter bee moves to another female flower, the deposited pollen grains are delivered to the stigma.

• Journal of Korean Medical classics
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.101-114
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• 2010

In the perspective of the correspondence of heaven and man[天人相應], people live through Gi of heaven and earth[天地之氣], and the human body which is a small universe[小宇宙] itself receives influence while sympathizing with the Gi and heaven[天氣]. So with unexpected incident of the Eum and Yang, four season[陰陽四時], ups and downs of warmth of cold and chilliness of warm[寒熱溫涼] differs, and the position of Gi of human[人氣] changes, regimen and application of acupuncture, and images[象] of the pulse changes. In "Maekyojeongmiron(脈要精微論)", ups and downs of Eum and Yang changes by four season[四時], and correspondence of ups and downs of pulse law is explained with compass, carpenter's square, the beam of balance and the weight of balance[規矩權衡]. Compass[規] is a measure of instrument that can draw a circle, like regulating the measure and differing the center of the circle and diameter and drawing a circle, compass is a image of Gi of Yang[陽氣] that was staying deep inside the body in winter stretching out by big fault[太過不及] of year and energy[元氣] of human in spring. Carpenter's square[矩] is a instrument that draws direction, which is a image of Gi of Yang flourishing in summer and when it gets highly flourished, again the Gi of Eum[陰氣] comes alive and falls. The beam of balance[衡] is a scale, like a scale that tilts at once when one side is slightly heavy, the beam of balance is a image Gi of yang that is fully flourished in summer and about to descent again, which is just about to fall but not going down yet. The weight of balance [權] is a image of gi of yang which as descent to the bottom and staying in the deepest place. compass, carpenter's square, the beam of balance and the weight of balance is not a direct pulse image[脈象], but standard image of pulse of pulse corresponding to the Gi of human[人氣] that changes by four season, and the explanation includes the pulse image of four season like the taut, full, floating, deeply gather[弦鉤浮營] of "Okgijinjangron(玉機眞藏論)" or taut, full, skip, float, deep [弦鉤代毛石] of "Pyeong-ingisangron(平人氣象論)". So with compass, carpenter's square, the beam of balance and the weight of balance, can judge is human correspond in Eum and Yang, four seasons, this is importantly used in examination of pulse[診脈] with existence and nonexistence, and prognosis of illness.

• Journal of Bio-Environment Control
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.420-424
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• 2009

This experiment was executed to investigate the effect of the carpenter bee as a pollinator on the fruit set increment of sweet pepper in summer hydroponics in the alpine area of Gangwon province, Korea. Where the number of fruit sets were increasing during the treatment of pollination by the carpenter bee, total yields during the whole growing period were not different. The number of seeds per fruit in the treatment of the carpenter bee increased more than that in the control by 7.3 percent increment, but the percentage of blossom-end rot increased. As fruit weight range of SS size (below 120g) decreased and that of L size (from 181g to 210g) increased by the pollination treatment, so the percentage of standardized products for the export to Japan improved. Therefore this result was effective for the fruit production of high quality for the export to Japan and it will be necessary for further study on the method of reducing blossom-end rot to be done.

• Journal of architectural history
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.19-34
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• 2017

The purpose of this study was to comprehend the assignment and the procurement method of wood works' craftsman through the Salleung-dogamuigwes in royal tombs constructions in the late Joseon period. Following conclusions have been reached through the study. First, Carpenter and other nine craftsmen were introduced in carpentry works. The craftsmen were put in by occupation to maintain the quality of the government building construction by wood processing area. It was distinguished by frame member, Sujangjae, window framing wood, decorative member. Second, sawyer showed a sharp increase in the latter half of the 18th century and declined since the middle of the 19th century. This is closely related to the increase in demand for building materials and the growth of civilian wood products. As a maximum of 300 people have been assigned to the craftsmen in the woodwork, it can be seen that the work has been divided by the process. Third, the national carpenter was difficult to procure from the 17th century to the beginning of the 18th century. From the middle 18th century, the system procuring national carpenter was stabilized. In the 19th century, the input ratio of the national craftsmen seems to have decreased significantly and seems to have kept it at the minimum level. Forth, sawyer were procured through Seongonggam from the late 18th century through the mid 19th century. That means that the role of the sawyer had become important. Since Jogakjang is not a necessary manpower, it usually has civilian artisans.

• Journal of the Korean School Mathematics Society
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.77-87
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• 2005

Smith(2001) calls for practice-based professional development for teachers of mathematics. This paper discusses laboratory class as a model for conducting professional development program for a group f elementary school mathematics teachers. The laboratory class seeks to promote teachers' generative growth (Carpenter & Levi, 1999) and all the core and structural features (Garet, Porter, Desimone, Birman & Kwang, 2001) of a professional development are also engaged in this program and the ultimate goal is for teachers to be reflective in their practices to be generative (Carpenter & Leher, 1999) in their teaching and learning. This paper also discusses the design of the laboratory class based on the principles of reflective thinking and psychological observation by Dewey to connect theory with practice.

• Animal Systematics, Evolution and Diversity
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.109-140
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• 2004

Seven new species of cope pods associated with marine invertebrates are described from the Great Barrier Reef, Australia. They are Panjakus bidentis from the scleractinian Pocillopora verrucosa (Ellis and Solander), Scyphuliger humesi, S. vicinus and S. placidus from the scleractinian Acropora squarrosa (Ehrenberg), Doridicola parapatulus from the nudibranch Glossodoris atromarginata (Cuvier), Ruhtra germinata from an unidentified alcyonacean coral, and Collocheres oribullatus from the crinoid Comanthina belli (Carpenter).

• Journal of the Society of Naval Architects of Korea
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• v.40 no.2
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• pp.21-27
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• 2003

The phenomena of vortex shedding around a cylinder oscillating harmonically in a fluid at rest are investigated by a two-dimensional numerical simulation of the Navier-Stokes equations. The simulation is based on a vorticity-velocity integro-differential formulation dealing with vorticity, velocity and pressure variables. Three combinations of Reynolds number(Re) and Keulegan-Carpenter number(KC) were taken to investigate the associated vortex development around the cylinder in the different flow regimes. Drag and lift forces are computed to describe their dominant frequency modulation which is related to the vortex shedding and to the harmonic motion of the cylinder.

• Journal of architectural history
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.7-20
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• 2020

This paper is a review of the construction process, craftsmanship, architectural economy of Bungang Seowon through the Changwon Ilgi(diary). The Bungang Seowon, which was built in the early 18th century, was initially built as a shrine, but was later completed as a seowon upon the decision of the scholars. It was the descendants of Nongam and the Hyanggyo, Seowon, and the government offices that provided economic, human and material support to the construction of Seowon. The small building of Bungang Seowon was run by a civilian carpenter, while the large building was run by a monk carpenter. The mobilization of the building workers was done by local scholars assigning the number of workers needed for each village.