• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.547-562
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• 2007

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationships of middle-aged men's family and work related variables and satisfaction. Based on the results of the study, the following was concluded ; First, there were significant differences in men's satisfaction across education level, economic variables, and occupation. Second, family related variables, work related variables, and work-family conflict were significantly correlated with satisfaction. In reference to family related variable, satisfaction was higher when marital satisfaction is good, parental stress, adult caring burden, and work-family conflict are lower. In reference to work related variables, satisfaction is higher when job stress is lower, job security is lower, and colleague relationship is good. Third, family related variables, work related variables, and work-family conflict were significantly correlated with mutually one another. Specifically, parental stress is correlated with work related variables. A higher correction was reported between work-family conflict and job stress. Finally, results of multiple regression analysis showed that these variable influenced middle-aged men's satisfaction. Moreover, the degree of explanation for satisfaction increased more, when family and work related variables, and work-family conflict add in individual character variables.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.37 no.2
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• pp.213-220
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• 2007

Purpose. The purpose of this review is to explore cultural influences on the experiences of Korean, Korean American, and Caucasian American family caregivers caring for frail older adults in terms of the selection of a primary caregiver, caregiving motivation, support/help-seeking, and negative emotional responses (depression and burden). Methods. Seven electronic databases were searched to retrieve studies from 1966 to 2005. Thirty-two studies were identified. Results. This review supported cultural influences on the selection of primary caregiver, caregiving motivation, and support/help-seeking among the three caregiver groups. In Korean caregivers, the major primary caregivers were daughters-in-law while among Korean American and Caucasian American caregivers, the major primary caregivers were daughters or spouses. As a major caregiving motivation, Caucasian American care￢givers reported filial affection while Korean caregivers and Korean American caregivers reported filial obligation. Korean caregivers reported higher extended family support, while Caucasian American caregivers reported higher utilization of formal support. Korean caregivers showed the highest levels of depression followed by Korean American caregivers and Caucasian American caregivers. Conclusion. In order to develop culturally appropriate interventions and policies, more research is needed to further explain these differences among the three groups, especially regarding support/help-seeking and negative emotional responses.

• Asian Oncology Nursing
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.129-136
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• 2010

Purpose: This study was conducted to examine the relationship between stress and quality of life of family caregivers of patients with lung cancer. Methods: From April 18 to May 4, 2009, data were collected using self-report questionnaires with 95 family caregivers of lung cancer patients in G cancer center. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA and pearson's correlation coefficient with SPSS 14.0. Results: The mean score of the stress level was 27.5 (SD=14.77). The mean score of the QOL was 73.0 (SD=17.86). The stress level of family caregiver showed significant difference according to gender (psychological stress p=.011, total level of stress p=.042) and availableness of second caregiver (physical stress p=.023, psychological stress p=.035, total level of stress p=.001). The QOL of family caregivers showed significant difference according to daily caring (positive adaptation p=.045) and financial burden on treatment expense (positive adaptation p=.004, total quality of life p=.043). The negative correlation was found between stress and QOL of family caregivers (r=-.67, p=.032). Conclusion: These results indicate a need to develop nursing intervention programs for family caregivers to reduce stress and improve QOL.

• International journal of advanced smart convergence
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• v.7 no.3
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• pp.140-145
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• 2018

This study is based on the National Pension Research Institute's 2013 Korean Retirement and Income Study(KReIS) 5 Data for Parents and Children Care over 50 years old and analyzed the satisfaction level of life according to the characteristics of 226 people in society. The results showed that women were more satisfied with their lives than men, and when the age was lower, when they had spouses, and when they had independent economic power. As for the grandchildren caring provider, the higher the education levels, the higher the satisfaction with life. And across all areas, the grandchildren care provider showed greater satisfaction with life than the parents care provider. These results show that the burden of the parents' carers is as great as that. Suggestions based on these results are as follows. First, It is necessary to develop a health care program that can be easily accessed by family carers. Second, Direct economic support is needed, with the primary focus being on family carers. Third, services targeting parents care providers are needed. It is also necessary to form a network that can share the difficulties of parental care.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Fundamentals of Nursing
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.185-196
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• 2018

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the alopecia experience in adults and to explain the process of their experiences. Methods: Using a grounded theory methodology, 18 interviews were performed with fourteen men and four women, 34~57 years of age, suffering from alopecia. Data were analyzed using the constant comparative analysis method. Results: The core category emerged as "inescapable fetters". adults with alopecia engaged in three stages: embarrassment, seeking solution, and acceptance phase. Causal conditions were a vicious cycle of stress, biological factors and poor life style. Contextual conditions were recognition of irreversibleness, negative social awareness, and marriage. The central phenomenon of the adaptation process among the adults with alopecia was withdrawn life due to negative body image. Action/Interaction strategies included rely on medical treatment, efforts to take good care of hair, research for information treatment, efforts to cover up hair loss, and mind control. Intervening conditions were time cost, economic cost, support of surrounding people. Consequences was burden of unfinished lifetime homework. Conclusion: When caring for these adults, it is important to identify needs, allow patients to express what they want at that moment and support them in maintaining a daily life.

• Journal of Hospice and Palliative Care
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.228-240
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• 2020

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to test the validity of the Korean version of the Nurses' Involvement in Dying Patients and Family Care (NIDPFC) instrument. Methods: Data were collected from 410 registered nurses at a university hospital, general hospitals, and a convalescent hospital. Data were collected from June 23 to July 17, 2020. Internal consistency reliability, construct validity, and criterion validity were examined using the SPSS and AMOS software. Results: Of the 35 preliminary items of the instrument, 24 items were finally selected after evaluating the content validity, analyzing the items, and assessing construct validity. The following four factors were derived: "burden" (seven items), "deep involvement" (eight items), "resilience" (five items), and "empathy" (four items), with a cumulative explanatory variance of 55.2%. For criterion validity, a significant positive relationship was found between the NIDPFC and attitudes toward caring for the dying. For internal consistency reliability, the Cronbach's α was 0.82. Conclusion: The validity and reliability of the NIDPFC were verified. Therefore, the NIDPFC is an effective instrument to use in further studies.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare
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• v.57 no.3
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• pp.51-72
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• 2005

The purpose of this article is to empirically testify three hypotheses on the relation between married women's employment and the allocation of unpaid domestic work within households - i.e., adaptive partnership (AP), dual burden (DB) and lagged adaptation (LA) models. The AP hypothesis assumes that, when wives are employed, husbands spend more time doing housework in order to compensate for their wives' increased responsibility. The DB model, by contrast, indicates that, even if married women are employed, their burden on domestic work does not decrease. In this case, therefore, the dual burden of married women can be expected. Between these two opposite views, the third, alternative hypothesis has been suggested recently. The LA model argues that the behaviours of households are adaptive to the changing environments but over a period of many years and even across generations. The article has analysed the total work time as well as unpaid domestic work time to testify these three hypotheses, utilising 1999 Time Use Survey data of the National Statistical Office. The research results can be summarised as follows. First, married working women worked 100 minutes more than their male spouses. Second, the average domestic work time of married men, 23-25 minutes per day, was no more than 5-10% of that of women. Third, the effects of age and women's employment were not statistically significant in multiple regression models, which means that the DB hypothesis explains the situation of married working women in Korea. Based on these findings, the article suggested the expansion of the public social service system to mitigate the dual burden of married working women, the introduction of compensatory credit for caring work, and the directions of further empirical research using the time use survey data.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.597-615
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• 1994

This study is designed to facilitate the creation of home environment conducive to the family taking care of chronic bed-ridden patients with more effective method. The need for this study has emerged against the background of marked changes in the structure of ailments and causes of death, resulting in the number and plights of chronic bed-ridden patients as well as of a rapid increase in demand for medical care and resulting premature discharge. Keeping these in mind, this study focused on home-wards where the majority of chronic bed-ridden patients are being cared for. Despite. their overriding importance, home-words are less than efficient in caring (or chronic bed-ridden patients. These circumstances require the designing of home-wards that can offer greater comfort to patients and at the same time make things easier for caregivers, on the basis of an overall analysis of patients' life and home - ward situation. According1y this study adopted a Participant Observation Method derived cultural anthropology, Toward this end, 3 patients were chosen as subjects of this study for intensive interviewing and participant observation. In the process of this field re-search efforts were made to collect emprical data, that is, to faithfully record the words of the subjects and their caregivers for analysis and interpretation. The findings of these analyses are as follows. Firstly, the chronic bed-ridden patients are mostly being taken care by close family members. Secondly, a room for the exclusive use of the patient, floor, kitchen, bathroom and multipurpose space were found to be necessary for proper caring of the patient. These spaces were respectively used with a view to 1) accomodating the patient as well as caregivers' activities, 2) keeping general and medical supplies and other appliances for patient's care and drying the patient's washing, 3) preparing and keeping the patient's foods and beverages, 4) keeping the supplies necessary for cleaning the patient's body and treating the patient's eliminations, 5) washing the patient's clothes, underwears and bedclothes. The patient's room in turn is subdivided into six portions in terms of uses : specifically the places for accomodating 1) the patient, 2) medical supplies, 3) medicines, 4) linens St clothes, 5) bedclothes and, 6) diapers. Thirdly, the activities of the caregiver are subdivided into seven key areas : hygiene, exercise, diet, elimination, therapeutic nursing, prevention of sore, and other activities. Each area is further classified into several different activities of caring. These activities we mainly carried out in the patient's room. Fourthly, the supplies for caring the chronic bed-ridden patient is divided into two large domains : medical and general supplies. Finally, three main problems areas were found in this study on the part of caregivers, that is, sore prevention, hygiene problem related frequent urination / defecation, the caregiver's physical, psych ological and emotional burden. In consideration of the aforesaid problem areas, a model home-ward was developed in this study. The newly-developed model has been found to have the following six advantages. Firstly, the time and effort required for maintaining the patient's hygiene are reduced, thus relievins the caregiver's physical and psychological bur-den. Secondly, the patient's hygiene can be maintained in satisfactory conditions, because the patient's eliminations are more easily removed. Thirdly, skin irritations caused by the patient's eliminations were remarkably reduced and so were the patient's sores due to moisture and bacteria. Fourthly, the home-ward have a tilt-table ef-fect thanks to the inclining room floor. This improves the patient's cardiovascular function as well as constantly changes pressed skin areas and thus prevents sores. Fifthly, improved shelf arrangements help make the best use of patient's supplies. Sixthly, the trouble of continuously changing clothes, underwears, diapers & bedclothes is remarkably reduced simply by covering the patient with cotton sheets when laid in bed. This is espected to cut down expenses by reducing the comsumptions of diapers and other disposable supplies.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.16 no.6
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• pp.334-344
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• 2016

The purpose of this research is to investigate usage related predictors to activate Adult Guardianship System of People with Developmental Disabilities. To achieve the purpose of this research, we have analyzed the survey of parents of People with Developmental Disabilities usage needs for Adult Guardianship System which is based on the Andersen's behavioral model. The study utilized data from 2011 Welfare Needs Assessment of Seoul middle and senior-aged Family with Developmental Disabilities, and the analysis method, the study applied used SPSS 22.0, frequency analysis, descriptive statistics analysis, logistic regression analysis. According to the result, the usage needs for Adult Guardianship System increases meaningfully if the parents does not have occupation, and the subject of Adult Guardianship System is male. In income and the social security system wise, the usage needs for Adult Guardianship System show remarkably large rating if the average income is high and the desire to be cared by others is high. But in case of People with Developmental Disabilities, communication skills, the degree of disability, burden of caring does not have effect on the usage needs for Adult Guardianship System. The conclusion for this research is, first, to activate vigorous usage of Adult Guardianship System, the government intervention is required. Second, the following study is needed to explain to the concept of the needs caring by others and the cultural factors relating to the usage needs for Adult Guardianship System.

• Korea journal of population studies
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• v.34 no.3
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• pp.179-209
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• 2011

This study explored the relationships among such variables as work-family compatibility, gender attitude, reasons for low birth rate, and education level, using a sample of 2,678 from the '2009 National Survey for Marriage and Birth Trend'. The purpose of this study was to identify the ideas about how to support married couples' work-family balance, and how to change gender attitude to promote childbirth. The results are as follows. The type of ideal work-family balance was different by education level, but not by gender. Low level of education was associated with choice of the full time work without a child. Male singles, compared to female singles, preferred the role of a man as a bread winner, and a woman as a house worker. Female singles had the higher level of hope for husband's capability of caring children. This trend was intensified by choice of the full time work with 2 children. Singles who prefer working as a full time worker with 2 children worried more about low birth rate in Korea than singles who prefer working as a part time worker with one or two children. The most frequently cited reason for low birth rate was 'high cost of both child care and education'. The next was 'difficulty in buying a residence, followed by 'increase in the number of career woman'. Female singles who want to work full time with 2 or more children worried more about the burden of child caring and education than male singles. Implications and suggestions were provided based on the results.